Validation Study of the Spanish Version of the Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale (original) (raw)
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Translation and adaptation of the Disability Assessment for Dementia scale in the Spanish population
Medicina clinica, 2017
Functional assessment is especially relevant in patients with cognitive impairment (CI). The Disability Assessment for Dementia (DAD) scale assesses functional ability and its use is becoming increasingly popular. This study aims to perform the translation and cultural adaptation of the DAD scale in order to create a Spanish version: DAD-E. A double translation/back-translation process was developed, as well as a pilot study with 14 caregivers of patients with CI, and 3 review meetings to achieve general agreement. The DAD-E includes the 40 original items. Four response options and 8 scores were added in order to detect functional disability induced by CI independently of other possible causes. More detailed instructions for administration and scoring of the scale have been provided in order to improve the reliability of the content. The DAD-E was shown to be a cultural and linguistic adaptation equivalent of the original scale, which allows it to be applied to the Spanish populatio...
Aging clinical and experimental research, 2018
The performance of activities of daily living in elderly patients with memory disorders is directly related to living independently and to autonomy. Documenting and assessing functional capacity through detailed scales is important for both diagnostic and treatment recommendations. The Everyday Cognition (ECog) scale is a relatively new informant-rated measure of cognitive and functional abilities. In the present study, the discriminant validity of the ECog scale was evaluated in cognitively intact controls (CN) and in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) from the Argentina-ADNI cohort to establish diagnostic accuracy. In addition, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of ECog against Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ) scale to discriminate among the three groups. We evaluated 15 CN, 28 MCI, and 13 mild AD subjects. External, convergent and divergent validity and internal consistency were examined. The average total score o...
Spanish-dementia knowledge assessment scale (DKAS-S): psychometric properties and validation
BMC Geriatrics
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of cognitive impairment. Community knowledge of the disease has proven to be a very important aspect of the development of interventions and the evaluation of their effectiveness. However, it is necessary to have standardized and recognized tools in different languages. The aim of the current study was to develop a cross-cultural adaptation of the Spanish Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS-S) and to assess their psychometric properties with cohorts of health students and professional and non-professional caregivers of AD patients from several regions of Spain. Methods We developed and translated the DKAS into Spanish following the forward-back-forward translation procedure. Then, we performed a cross-sectional study to assess the validity, reliability and feasibility of the DKAS-S. We also performed an analysis to obtain test-retest reliability measures. The study was performed in four medical centres across three...
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 2012
Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease ؒ Executive function ؒ Instrumental activities of daily living ؒ Instrumental functional impairment assessment ؒ Mild cognitive impairment ؒ Cognitive decline Abstract Bac kground: The need to detect early changes in instrumental activities of daily life led us to modify the Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale (DAD) by focusing on executive components of 6 instrumental items (DAD-6). Aim: To evaluate the relevance of the DAD-6 for detecting early impairment in a nondemented population. Methods: The DAD-6 was administered to informants of 84 patients: 31 with mild dementia (MD), 53 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 55 healthy controls. Results: DAD-6 scores gradually decreased with increasing severity of the cognitive status [18 in healthy controls vs. 15.1 ± 3.2 in MCI versus 9.6 ± 3.5 in MD, p < 0.0001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses yielded an optimal cut score of 14 to distinguish MCI from MD with a sensitivity of 0.83 (95% confidence interval 0.74-0.92) and a specificity of 0.84 (0.71-0.94), and a cut score of 15 to distinguish single-domain MCI from multi-domain MCI with a sensitivity of 0.96 (0.90-0.99) and a specificity of 0.54 (0.33-0.75). Conclusion: The DAD-6 reliably detects early loss of autonomy due to cognitive impairment.
The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 1998
The usefulness of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS) for Spanish dominant elderly adults has seen little empirical documentation, though there is considerable reason to hypothesize its value with this diverse and growing population. A Spanish adaptation of the MDRS (MDRS-SA) was developed for the present study in a manner to facilitate linguistic equivalence. Reliability for the MDRS-SA showed high split half internal consistency across all scales and Total Score. Two groups of elderly adults, one neurologically impaired and one not, both with low Mexican American acculturation level, Spanish dominance, and little formal education were participants. Results of a MANCOVA analysis, controlling for age, education, acculturation, and gender, showed the MDRS-SA to be effective at discriminating between groups across all scales (p < .001) and Total Score (p < .05). After determining significant differences between original norms and normative data on the present Spanish group, clinical utility of these statistical findings was investigated by generating specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy rates for the MDRS-SA Total Score, using Spanish normative data. Results of this preliminary study supported the MDRS-SA for use within the Mexican American, Spanish dominant elderly population, though additional larger validation studies are needed, particularly with well-documented clinical samples.
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2016
The 37-item version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-37) is an extended version of the original test for individuals with low education, which was adapted for different cultures. Despite its favorable psychometric properties, there is a lack of normative data for this instrument. We provide normative data for the MMSE-37 stratified by age, sex, and education in a large population-based cohort of older Spanish adults. The sample consisted of 3,777 participants without dementia (age range: 65-97 years) from different socioeconomic areas of central Spain. Normative data are presented in percentile ranks and divided into nine overlapping age tables with different midpoints, using the overlapping cell procedure. A hierarchical regression was performed to evaluate the effects of sociodemographic variables on MMSE-37 performance. Results showed that age, sex, and education affect test score. The norms presented herein are important for the correct interpretation of MMSE-37 scores when assessing older adults in Spain.