ICARUS T600 - a large Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (original) (raw)
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The neutrino event reconstruction in the ICARUS T600 LAr TPC
Proceedings of XV International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes — PoS(Neutel 2013), 2014
The Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) has excellent imaging capability which provides a unique view of the particle interactions and is, often compared to the old bubble chamber analogue era. Recorded information is so reach in details that special reconstruction algorithms had to be developed and some aspects are still a challenge. In these days the progress becomes fast around the worldfull size detectors appear and data is coming. Among the competitors, the ICARUS detector is the biggest one, with the ability to capture full contained neutrino events with all their variety and complexity. In the paper is shortly described the method of the event reconstruction applied for the ICARUS data: the hit reconstruction, the twodimensional event clustering, a three-dimensional track reconstruction approach, and finally stopping particle calorimetric reconstruction.
First observation of low energy electron neutrinos in a liquid argon time projection chamber
Physical Review D
The capabilities of liquid argon time projection chambers (LArTPCs) to reconstruct the spatial and calorimetric information of neutrino events have made them the detectors of choice in a number of experiments, specifically those looking to observe electron neutrino (νe) appearance. The LArTPC promises excellent background rejection capabilities, especially in this "golden" channel for both short and long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. We present the first experimental observation of electron neutrinos and anti-neutrinos in the ArgoNeut LArTPC, in the energy range relevant to DUNE and the Fermilab Short Baseline Neutrino Program. We have selected 37 electron candidate events and 274 gamma candidate events, and measured an 80% purity of electrons based on a topological selection. Additionally, we present a of separation of electrons from gammas using calorimetric energy deposition, demonstrating further separation of electrons from background gammas.
The liquid Argon TPC: a powerful detector for future neutrino experiments and proton decay searches
We discuss the possibility of new generation neutrino and astroparticle physics experiments exploiting the liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr TPC) technique, following a graded strategy that envisions applications with increasing detector masses (from 100 ton to 100 kton). The ICARUS R&D program has already demonstrated that the technology is mature with the test of the T600 detector at surface. Since 2003 we have been working with the conceptual design of a very large LAr TPC with a mass of 50-100 kton to be built by employing a monolithic technology based on the use of industrial, large volume, cryogenic tankers developed by the petrochemical industry. Such a detector, if realized, would be an ideal match for a Super Beam, Beta Beam or Neutrino Factory, covering a broad physics program that includes the detection of atmospheric, solar and supernova neutrinos, and searches for proton decay, in addition to the rich accelerator neutrino physics program. A "test module" with a mass of the order of 10 kton operated underground or at shallow depth would represent a necessary milestone towards the realization of the 100 kton detector, with an interesting physics program on its own. In parallel, physics is calling for a shorter scale application of the LAr TPC technique at the level of 100 ton mass, for low energy neutrino physics and for use as a near station setup in future long baseline neutrino facilities. We outline here the main physics objectives and the design of such a detector for operation in the upcoming T2K neutrino beam. We finally present the result of a series of R&D studies conducted with the aim of validating the design of the proposed detectors.
2020
The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber with an active volume of 7.2× 6.0× 6.9 m^3. It is installed at the CERN Neutrino Platform in a specially-constructed beam that delivers charged pions, kaons, protons, muons and electrons with momenta in the range 0.3 GeV/c to 7 GeV/c. Beam line instrumentation provides accurate momentum measurements and particle identification. The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, and it incorporates full-size components as designed for that module. This paper describes the beam line, the time projection chamber, the photon detectors, the cosmic-ray tagger, the signal processing and particle reconstruction. It presents the first results on ProtoDUNE-SP's performance, including noise and gain measurements, dE/dx calibration for muons, protons, pions and electrons, drift electron lifetime measurements, and photon detector noise, signal ...
Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the ICARUS detector at the CNGS beam
Physics Letters B, 2012
At the end of the 2011 run, the CERN CNGS neutrino beam has been briefly operated in lower intensity mode with ∼ 10 12 p.o.t./pulse and with a proton beam structure made of four LHC-like extractions, each with a narrow width of ∼ 3 ns, separated by 524 ns. This very tightly bunched beam allowed a 1 Deceased 1 arXiv:1203.3433v3 [hep-ex] very accurate time-of-flight measurement of neutrinos from CERN to LNGS on an event-by-event basis. The ICARUS T600 detector (CNGS2) has collected 7 beam-associated events, consistent with the CNGS collected neutrino flux of 2.2 × 10 16 p.o.t. and in agreement with the well known characteristics of neutrino events in the LAr-TPC. The time of flight difference between the speed of light and the arriving neutrino LAr-TPC events has been analysed. The result δt = 0.3 ± 4.9(stat.) ± 9.0(syst.) ns is compatible with the simultaneous arrival of all events with speed equal to that of light. This is in a striking difference with the reported result of OPERA [1] claiming that high energy neutrinos from CERN arrive at LNGS ∼ 60 ns earlier than expected from luminal speed.
Liquid argon neutrino detectors
Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements, 2001
The Liquid Argon imaging technique, as proposed for the ICARUS detector, offers the possibility to perform complementary and simultaneous measurements of neutrinos, as those of CERN to Gran Sasso beam (CNGS) and those from cosmic ray events. For the currently allowed values of the Super-Kamiokande results, the combination of both CNGS and atmospheric data will provide a precise determination of the oscillation parameters. Since one can observe and unambiguously identify v,, V, and V, components, this technology allows to explore the full (3 x 3) mixing matrix. The same class of detector can be proposed for high precision measurements at a neutrino factory.