Variables predictoras del abandono de la práctica físico-deportiva en adolescentes. (Predictor variables of the dropping out of physical sport activity by teenagers) (original) (raw)
Related papers
Variables moduladoras del abandono de la práctica físico-deportiva en adolescentes
Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte
Many studies have highlighted the importance of physical activity and sport for youth, not only from a health standpoint but also from a psychosocial point of view. However, one of the major remaining problems is the high dropout rate that sport has among adolescents. The purpose of this article was to further assess this, by trying to identify some of the variables that explain it. Specifically, this study focused on analysing the relationship between abandonment and variables such as gender, age, BMI, family and environment. Based on data drawn from a sample of 5561 students of compulsory secondary education (ESO) and Post-Compulsory Secondary Education (ESPO), the analyses show that abandonment is higher among students attending ESO (47.9 %) than among those who attend ESPO (28.9%), and especially among girls (51.7%). Dropout rates are also higher in those cases where the parents have never performed regular physical activity and where there is a history of dropout among siblings or friends. This helps verify the influence of some structural variables but, more importantly, it stresses the importance of the family and the peer group as role models for the practice of physical and sporting activity.
Retos
This research sought to analyze the dynamics of physical education classes in the 3rd year of high school and to recognize the profile of the classes and the involvement of students, understanding the reasons that lead them to drop out. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was used to gather data on the participation of 517 high school students in physical education classes in the 3rd year of high school in state public schools in the interior of São Paulo. For the analysis of the information, a descriptive analysis and content analysis were used. The initial results showed that 44 % of the sample had some barrier that prevents them from taking classes. Of this percentage, 74.6 % were girls, who were the majority, and who answered open questions about non-participation. It is concluded that approximately half of the participating students, mainly girls, participate little, or do not participate in physical education classes, this result being related to the methodology and the selection of content developed by the teacher. The role of physical education classes is to serve all students, respecting their differences, stimulating their potential to contribute so that they are proactive, critical, and autonomous in relation to their health and quality of life.
The practice of sports and physical activities in our society has been significantly increasing due to the development of a new awareness on the importance of practicing these activities regularly to improve people's quality of life. The present study attempts to establish the aims and reasons for practice and drop out of sports and physical activity concerning 15, 16 and 17 year-old teenagers. This investigative process is characterized as a quantitative investigation of non-experimental methodology and of transversal study type. The instrument used was a questionnaire carried out with students from the public education system in the city of Novo Hamburgo, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. As a result, it was found that having some fun and leisure during free time and body shape concern, are the main objectives in both male and female students concerning physical activity. Comparing the objectives of male and female teenagers, it is possible to notice that competing is an objective more associated to male than female teenagers.
Sport, Education and Society, 2019
Sports practice is a way to be physically active. Despite public health efforts to support it, teenagers' sport participation is declining in some European countries. One reason for the decline is drop-out from sports practice. Various analytical frameworks have been applied to this issue but little is known about how teenagers understand their own pathway in the social context, ending with a drop-out from sports practice. This study aimed to identify reasons given by teenagers about sports practice drop-out situated within the circles of their everyday lives, through 100 semi-structured interviews. The results made it possible to classify the reasons for dropping out into five themes: friendship, body, family, school, and sport. Two processes lead to drop-out: constraints which prevent access to the circle of sports practice and/or a decision-making that brings them out of it. The respondents could mention one or multiple reasons, accumulating (snowball effect) or following one another (cascade effect). Depending on the moment of drop-out, some circles of social life played a preponderant role. The family seemed to be central in the decision to drop out during primary school, whereas sport itself and school were influential in middle and high schools respectively. The results showed that the more recent the drop-out, the more the teenagers planned to resume sports practice. These data are relevant for health education policies to prevent physical inactivity through sport. It is important not only to remove the constraints that prevent access to the circle of sports practice, but also to promote the most pleasurable sports experiences.
Analysis of Causes Which Make Young People Quit Sports and Sport Activities
Journal of Advances in Sports and Physical Education
The research included 116 subjects who have declared that they had participated in sports, sport activities and recreation. It is a targeted sample, competent to declare their views on questions of why they practice sports and sport activities and what are the reasons (causes) for young people to quit the sport which they participated in. The results obtained on reasons for participation in sports and sport activities show that good physical shape is the primary reason, followed by health, social interaction, and friendship and making acquaintances, while a sporting career and financial benefit are by far lowest on the scale. When it comes to reasons why young people quit sports and sport activities, the majority quit because of indolence, followed by injuries, social circles, and lack of free time, pressure from overambitious parents, poor attitude of the coach, excessive exertion, and ultimately, lack of talent. When it comes to differences between attitudes on quitting sports between the sexes, occupations, smokers/non-smokers, alcohol consumers/non-consumers, and types of residential areas, the results have shown that neither the subject's sex nor alcohol consumption have an impact on attitudes on reasons for quitting sports. Some difference was observed in level of education (high school or university student), smoking (smokers or non-smokers), and type of residential area (city, suburbs, countryside).
2012
Vallerand (2007), suggests a hypothesis stating that the impact of the environment on individuals takes place through a causal chain of processes. Dropping out of organized kinesiological engagement (sports, dance or recreational activity) in adolescence is very common, and it is assumed that it is not necessarily induced by an "objective" reason. The aim of this research was to establish the relations between motivation in physical education classes and dropping out of organized kinesiological engagement occurring in adolescence. The subject sample included 305 students of finishing grades from primary schools in Trogir, Kaštela and Solin. Variables of motivation in physical education classes as well as the frequency of organized kinesiological engagement of adolescents were measured by PEMS
Reasons for Sports-Based Physical Activity Dropouts in University Students
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Despite extensive evidence reporting the numerous health benefits of physical activity, recent studies show that many people (60%) do not follow the recommendations to meet the accepted minimums of physical activity. Some of the main problems in today’s society are the high dropout rates (35%) and low adherence to the conditions for achieving the physical activity recommendations. The aim of the study is to analyze the reasons for dropout from sports that the participants particularly liked, to design a new scale of reasons as to why they dropped out based on several previously existing scales, and to study the dropout differences based on different variables. The sample consisted of 813 Vizcaya university students (61.6% women and 38.4% men), aged between 18 and 29 (M = 20.5; SD = 1.8). Frequency distributions, univariate descriptive analyses, and bivariate statistical analyses, such as t-test, analysis of variance, and correlations, were analyzed. The construct validity of the dro...
Dropping out of sports in adolescence: The role of gender and amotivation for sports
During adolescence sport, as a new social environment, contributes to social, cognitive and emotional development of young people. As a facilitator of mental health it represents a protective factor for the development of behavioral and health problems. However, each year about 50% of adolescents drop out of sport. Such high percentage at this critical developmental period raised the interest of researchers. One of the theories that represent basic standing point for understanding the process of dropping out of sports is Self-determination theory which postulates that the key for understanding human behavior is his motivation. This theory defines six types of motivation, one of which is low self-regulated motivation - amotivation. Amotivation is defined as a lack of contingency between actions and outcomes, feeling of incompetence and lack of reasons for playing sports. Earlier studies have shown that there are significant gender differences in dropping out of sports, and that girls tend to drop out in higher percentage. Because of the importance of sports for development in adolescence and the development of self-image, this study examines the role of amotivation and gender in predicting intention to drop out of sports of young male and female handball players. The sample consisted of 66 female and 57 male handball players, the average age of 13.5 years, who train handball on average 50 months. The data was obtained during the February of 2016, at the regional handball competition in Vojvodina. The participants filled out the Sport Motivation Scale -2 (Pelletier et al., 2013) which measures: intrinsic, introjected, integrated, identified, extrinsic motivation and amotivation for sports. Intention to drop out of sports was assessed on one, five-point scale Lickert scale. Before conducting moderation analysis where intention to drop out of sports was criteria, first all the assumptions of normality, linearity and multicollinearity were met. Amotivation and gender represent significant predictive model (F(2,119) = 9.68, p < .001), which explains 14% of the variance, where only amotivation was singled out as significant predictor (β = .374, p < .001). Introducing gender as moderator, result of moderation analysis show that this predictive model explains 22% of variance (F(3,118) = 18.11, p < .001) and that moderating effect of gender is important factor in explaining the intention to drop out of sports in adolescence (β = - .39, p < .01). Boys who have higher amotivation to a greater extent intend to drop out of sports, while in girls intention to drop out of sports doesn’t depend on the degree of amotivation. These results call for further research of the process of dropping out of sports in adolescence, and to determine additional risk factors for girls. Theoretical and practical implications will be discussed in this paper. Keywords: amotivation, handball, adolescence, dropping out of sports
Youth & Society, 2012
This article analyses negative experiences in physical education and sport reported during qualitative interviews of a group of inactive adolescent Spanish boys and girls. The purpose of this analysis is twofold. First and most important, it seeks to give voice to these young people reporting negative experiences and connect them to contexts of physical activity and sport in which they occurred in order to show how, ironically, inactivity is an unintended consequence. Second, the authors attempt to connect inactivity through negative experiences by drawing on conceptual notions of a gendered performativity culture, and symbolic violence. The authors conclude by commenting on how these insights may be useful to critically reflect on physical activity programs, which are too often considered an unquestionable good for all pupils who experience them.