Study on the Importance of Development in the Variables National Economy Sectors Affecting Development (original) (raw)
Analysis Income and Household Expenses Based on Livelihood
E3S Web of Conferences, 2021
The welfare of small farmer households has been essential; however, many of them who rely upon only on-farm find it difficult to cover their household expenses. The aims of the study were to identify various types of farmer household income sources and to analyze factors affecting farmer household income and expenditure. The study conducted in Boloh village, Toroh sub-district of Grobogan district from July to August 2018 analyzed data collected qualitatively, which referred to data reduction, data presentation, and withdrawal of conclusions using interactive analysis. The result showed that the average income of farmer households from on-farm was IDR. 18.987.000 per year, off-farm IDR. 14,825,000, and non-farm was IDR 25,925,000 per year; thus, the total of both was IDR 4,978,000 per month on average. Meanwhile, the average the total expenses was IDR 24,335,000 per year or IDR 2,028,000 per month consisting of food and transportation (61%), housing and appliances (6%), Household Fa...
Decent living based on regular and secured earning is one of the fundamentals of prosperous life. For well-being/upliftment of rural poor some of the basic components required are basic education, productive and decent employment and health care. The amenities of common people`s life do rotate around these. Due to geophysical and cultural diversities prevailing in our country, the nature and dynamics of development in different States has notable variations. Our rural areas have also progressed and changed but they still need a lot to be provided. To ensure a balanced development in our country we need to lay emphasis on upliftment of the rural and marginalized poor. To accomplish this task government is working in this direction. However, it is still felt that concerted efforts are required on the basis of micro level background information. It could be done by addressing some of statistical and economic issues. The notable among them are percentage of surpluses mobilized from labour saving technological change utilized for essential services such as health, sanitation and education to entertainment and cultural activities; variation in acreage from traditional food crop to cash crop; changing trend, of the prices of agricultural inputs vis-à-vis the cost of agricultural output and use of ground water in cultivation; trend of informal credits in relation to rising cost of cultivation; analysis of the dynamics of welfare Schemes regarding employment, healthcare and basic education etc. Inclusive growth was the cardinal principle of 11th Five Year Plan of our country. It was further strengthened in 12th Five Year Plan by prefixing faster and sustainable features to it.
Data Extract From World Development Indicators PAK
Series Name 2005 PPP conversion factor, GDP (LCU per international )2005PPPconversionfactor,privateconsumption(LCUperinternational) 2005 PPP conversion factor, private consumption (LCU per international )2005PPPconversionfactor,privateconsumption(LCUperinternational) Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population) Access to electricity (% of population) Access to electricity, urban (% of urban population) Account (% age 15+) [ts] Account at a financial institution (% age 15+) Account at a financial institution, female (% age 15+) Account at a financial institution, income, poorest 40% (% ages 15+) Account at a financial institution, income, richest 60% (% ages 15+) Account at a financial institution, male (% age 15+) Account, female (% age 15+) [ts] Account, income, poorest 40% (% ages 15+) [ts] Account, income, richest 60% (% ages 15+) [ts] Account, male (% age 15+) [ts] Account, older adults (% ages 25+) [ts] Account, primary education or less (% ages 15+) [ts] Account, secondary education or more (% ages 15+) [ts] Account, young adults (% ages [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] [ts] Adequacy of social insurance programs (% of total welfare of beneficiary households) Adequacy of social safety net programs (% of total welfare of beneficiary households) Adequacy of social safety net programs (% of total welfare of beneficiary households) Adequacy of unemployment benefits and ALMP (% of total welfare of beneficiary households) Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary (% of primary school age children) Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary, female (% of primary school age children) Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary, male (% of primary school age children) Adjusted net national income (annual % growth) Adjusted net savings, excluding particulate emission damage (% of GNI) Adjusted net savings, excluding particulate emission damage (current US$) Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI) Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (current US$) Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI) Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (current US$) Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (current US$) Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI) Adjusted savings: education expenditure (current US$) Adjusted savings: energy depletion (% of GNI) Adjusted savings: energy depletion (current US$) Adjusted savings: gross savings (% of GNI) Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI) Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (current US$) Adjusted savings: natural resources depletion (% of GNI) Adjusted savings: net forest depletion (% of GNI) Adjusted savings: net forest depletion (current US$) Adjusted savings: net national savings (% of GNI) Adjusted savings: net national savings (current US$) Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage (% of GNI) Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage (current US$) Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) Adolescents out of school (% of lower secondary school age) Adolescents out of school, female (% of female lower secondary school age) Adolescents out of school, male (% of male lower secondary school age) Adults (ages 15+) and children (ages 0-14) newly infected with HIV Adults (ages 15+) newly infected with HIV Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) Agricultural land (% of land area) Agricultural land (sq. km) Agricultural machinery, tractors Agricultural machinery, tractors per 100 sq. km of arable land Agricultural methane emissions (% of total) Agricultural methane emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent) Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions (% of total) Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent) Agricultural raw materials exports (% of merchandise exports) Agricultural raw materials imports (% of merchandise imports) Agriculture value added per worker (constant 2010 US$) Agriculture, value added (% of GDP) Agriculture, value added (annual % growth) Agriculture, value added (constant 2010 US$) Agriculture, value added (constant LCU) Agriculture, value added (current LCU) Agriculture, value added (current US$) Air transport, freight (million ton-km) Air transport, passengers carried Air transport, registered carrier departures worldwide All education staff compensation, primary (% of total expenditure in primary public institutions) All education staff compensation, secondary (% of total expenditure in secondary public institutions) All education staff compensation, tertiary (% of total expenditure in tertiary public institutions) All education staff compensation, total (% of total expenditure in public institutions) Alternative and nuclear energy (% of total energy use) Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) Annual freshwater withdrawals, domestic (% of total freshwater withdrawal) Annual freshwater withdrawals, industry (% of total freshwater withdrawal) Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters) Annualized average growth rate in per capita real survey mean consumption or income, bottom 40% of population (%) Annualized average growth rate in per capita real survey mean consumption or income, total population (%) Antiretroviral therapy coverage (% of people living with HIV) Antiretroviral therapy coverage for PMTCT (% of pregnant women living with HIV) Aquaculture production (metric tons) Arable land (% of land area) Arable land (hectares per person) Arable land (hectares) ARI treatment (% of children under 5 taken to a health provider) Armed forces personnel (% of total labor force) Armed forces personnel, total Arms exports (SIPRI trend indicator values) Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values) Automated teller machines (ATMs) (per 100,000 adults) Average grace period on new external debt commitments (years) Average grace period on new external debt commitments, official (years) Average grace period on new external debt commitments, private (years) Average grant element on new external debt commitments (%) Average grant element on new external debt commitments, official (%) Average grant element on new external debt commitments, private (%) Average interest on new external debt commitments (%) Average interest on new external debt commitments, official (%) Average interest on new external debt commitments, private (%) Average maturity on new external debt commitments (years) Average maturity on new external debt commitments, official (years) Average maturity on new external debt commitments, private (years) Average precipitation in depth (mm per year) Average time to clear exports through customs (days) Average working hours of children, study and work, ages 7-14 (hours per week) Average working hours of children, study and work, female, ages 7-14 (hours per week) Average working hours of children, study and work, male, ages 7-14 (hours per week) Average working hours of children, working only, ages 7-14 (hours per week) Average working hours of children, working only, female, ages 7-14 (hours per week) Average working hours of children, working only, male, ages 7-14 (hours per week) Bank capital to assets ratio (%) Bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Battle-related deaths (number of people) Benefit incidence of social insurance programs to poorest quintile (% of total social insurance benefits) Benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs to poorest quintile (% of total SPL benefits) Benefit incidence of social safety net programs to poorest quintile (% of total safety net benefits) Benefit incidence of unemployment benefits and ALMP to poorest quintile (% of total U/ALMP benefits) Binding coverage, all products (%) Binding coverage, manufactured products (%) Binding coverage, primary products (%) Bird species, threatened Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) Borrowers from commercial banks (per 1,000 adults) Bound rate, simple mean, all products (%) Bound rate, simple mean, manufactured products (%) Bound rate, simple mean, primary products (%) Bribery incidence (% of firms experiencing at least one bribe payment request) Broad money (% of GDP) Broad money (current LCU) Broad money growth (annual %) Broad money to total reserves ratio Burden of customs procedure, WEF (1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient) Business extent of disclosure index (0=less disclosure to 10=more disclosure) Capture fisheries production (metric tons) Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total) Cause of death, by injury (% of total) Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total) Central government debt, total (% of GDP) Central government debt, total (current LCU) Cereal production (metric tons) Cereal yield (kg per hectare) Changes in inventories (constant LCU) Changes in inventories (current LCU) Changes in inventories (current US$) Charges for the use of intellectual property, payments (BoP, current US$) Charges for the use of intellectual property, receipts (BoP, current US$) Chemicals (% of value added in manufacturing) Child employment in agriculture (% of economically active children ages 7-14) Child employment in agriculture, female (% of female economically active children ages 7-14) Child employment in agriculture, male (% of male economically active children ages 7-14) Child employment in manufacturing (% of economically active children ages 7-14) Child employment in manufacturing, female (% of female economically active children ages 7-14) Child employment in manufacturing, male (% of male economically active children ages 7-14) Child employment in services (% of economically active children...
Amity Journal of Economics-F.1.1
2018
National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme (NREGP) is a Government of India’s flagship policy to arrange livelihood security mainly for the rural poor households through public work based employment program. This paper critically analyzes the importance of this programme among rural poor. Through primary data collection in the South 24 Pargans district, of West Bengal, India, it is observed that this employment program is able to percolate down to the economically weaker section of the rural population, but securing employment through this program is endogenous in nature. It is also proved through ‘impact evaluation’ technique that this employment program is not directly benefitting the participating households to improve their livelihood rather a sizable number of sample households with identical socio-economic background can keep themselves above the poverty line without securing more days of employment through this program. But the importance of the expansion of this program i...
Amal International Journal of Economics and Social Science, Amal IJESS VI I3.pdf
Amal IJESS VI I3.pdf, 2016
Gender responsive budgeting in India has been in practice for 10 years. An assessment reveals a mixed picture. ere are number of positive developments, such as changes in select planning and budgeting processes and creation of gender budget cells. However, restricted reach of GRB and stagnant or even declining allocations for the gender agenda are stumbling blocks. Identifying critical issues that are limiting the potential of the strategy, the paper suggests key steps that the government needs to take to address them.
Mpra Paper, 1999
Bureau of Statistics (FBS) started compilation of the social accounting matrix in 1984-85 and the second consolidated SAM for the year 1984-85 was produced by the FBS in 1993 with the collaboration of the Dutch Government under Improvement of National Accounting System (INAS) project. The macroeconomic variables in the accounting matrix for 1984-85 were derived from the estimates of the Institutional Sector Accounts for 1984-85 and from the I-O table 1984-85 for Pakistan. The FBS continued its endeavours and produced the second I-O table for the year 1989-90 in 1996. The information presented in I-O table 1989-90 includes supply and use tables and the industry by industry flow table. The I-O table provides an elaboration of the production account of the system of national accounts in Pakistan for the year 1989-90. The Integrated Economic Accounts (IEA) for the same year 1989-90 have also been compiled in conjunction with the I-O table for 1989-90. 2 The IEA was developed using different data sources, for example, National Accounts Statistics; Balance of Payment Statistics; Household Income and Expenditure Survey; and Public Finance Statistics. The Integrated Economic Accounts provide a comprehensive overview of inter-relationships between economic agents involved in income generation, distribution, accumulation and finance in the economy. The full details of the methodology and data sources used in the preparation are described in the main documents of 1989-90. 3 Since the FBS did not produce the social accounting matrix for the year 1989-90, using input-output table and integrated economic accounts for the year 1989-90, we attempt to compile a latest social accounting matrix for the same year 1989-90 with disaggregation of the households sector. In the present SAM, the input-output industry classifications have been condensed into five main production accounts namely agriculture, industry, health, education and other sectors. The SAM 1989-90 also includes two factors of production (labour and capital), four economic institutions (households, firms, government, and rest of
International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research
2018
Paddy contributes 20.75% to the Agricultural Gross Domestic Product in Nepal, where agriculture solely contributes 27.6 % to the National GDP. Socio-economic conditions including poverty status is directly related to paddy production, especially in the rural agricultural community. A detailed study of socio-economic status of paddy growing household is crucial to determine relevant determinants of poverty. This study compares the status of rural household poverty level of paddy growing farmers in 2 mid-hill districts of Gandaki Province: Lamjung and Tanahun. The survey research was conducted with randomly selected 696 households from 9 Municipalities across two districts from November to December in 2018. The study identified and analyzed data on 19 proxy variables which directly indicate socio-economic status. Principal Component Analysis was carried out to determine relevant variables explaining poverty. The result showed that household characteristics (foundation, outer -wall, nu...