The Model and Elements of a Palliative Care Plan for Patients with Terminal Illness: A Systematic Review (original) (raw)
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The model and elements of palliative care for patients with terminal illness: A systematic review
Asia Pacific Family Medicine
Backgorund: Many models of palliative care have already been implemented, however, a model of health care cannot be directly applied in a country because of the differences in socio-cultural, disease patterns and health systems within the country. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review to analyze models of palliative care and elements of model for palliative care. Methods: A systematic review was conducted. Articles were searched by four electronic databases; PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid and NICE Database. Three reviewers screened the search results and data were classified according to their main objective. Further synthesize was conducted to show element and model of care. Results: The initial search strategy identified 218. Based on Hawker quality assessment scale, only 14 articles met criteria for review and synthesis. Out of 14, 4 articles describe palliative care for chronic disease (heart failure, end stage renal disease) and 10 for cancer. The integrated palliativ...
Pondicherry Journal of Nursing
The palliative care goal is to relieve the patients' suffering and their families by assessment of the comprehensive treatment of physical, psychosocial, and spiritual symptoms felt by the patients. It helps patients and their relatives to conclude suitable medical care and to support the goal of patient care with healthcare professionals. Finally, palliative care establishing the requirement of a proxy, resuscitation status, and advance directives is an essential part of palliative care at the end of life. This review aims to recognize the role of palliative care at the end of life. As death approaches, the symptom burden of a patient may worsen and require more aggressive palliation. As ease measures strengthen, so does the care provided to a dying patient's family. Once death has occurred, the role of palliative care focuses primarily on the support of the patient's family and bereavement.
Palliative Care and End-Of-Life Issues
Anesthesiology Clinics of North America, 2000
Historically, palliative care grew out of the hospice care movement, a special system of comprehensive care for the dying. The World Health Organization defines palliative care as:19 The active total care of patients whose disease is not responsive to curative treatment. Control of pain, of other symptoms, and of psychological, social and spiritual problems, is paramount. The goal of palliative care is achievement of the best quality of life for patients and their families. Many aspects of palliative care are also applicable earlier in the course of the illness in conjunction with anticancer treatment. Although h s definition may imply that palliative care is an alternative to life-prolonging or curative care, in most cases, palliative care directed at control of symptoms and psychosocial support of patient and family should be delivered in conjunction with life-prolonging and curative efforts. Palliative care is not limited to cancer patients. Patients with other life-threatening illnesses may benefit from a palliative approach. Even during a terminal illness, reasonable efforts to prolong life (such as antibiotics for pneumonia) are usually appropriate until death is imminent, and are often continued at the same time that palliative interventions are applied. Key elements for helping the patient and family live optimally during a life-threatening illness include assuring physical comfort, providing psychosocial and spiritual support, and providing coordinated services across various sites of care.8 Skills required to deliver good palliative care should be an integral part of the practice of medicine in all its specialties since the goals of palliative care are among the central purposes of the medical profession. Palliative care must
Palliative care for the management of chronic illness: a systematic review study protocol
BMJ open, 2012
Introduction Chronic illnesses are marked by fluctuations and variations over time. Individuals with chronic illness experience pain and other symptoms that are not always adequately managed. Their caregivers often have to deal with enormous burden as the illness progresses. Palliative care can serve as an intervention to manage chronic illness, not just at the end of life but also in the early phases of illness.
The Importance of Palliative Care in Patient Therapy
International journal of scientific and research publications, 2017
Palliative cancer care is the integration into cancer care of therapies to address the multiple issues that cause suffering for patients and their families and have an impact on the quality of their lives. Palliative cancer care aims to give patients and their families the capacity to realize their full potential, when their cancer is curable as well as when the end of life is near. Toward the end of life, specifically in with a terminal diagnosis, when curative therapies are no longer being pursued, family and caregivers may experience tensions as the shift happens in accepting the terminality of a disease. By potentially improving the quality of life, the overall cost of care is reduced by eliminating frequent hospital and emergency room visits, and even a slight increase in survival rates of patients with metastatic cancer, palliative care has an increased relevance in the healthcare system. The introduction of community based palliative care could play a key role in providing th...
Palliative and End-of-Life Care
Springer eBooks, 2018
The scope of emergency nursing involves the care of individuals throughout the lifespan, thus it is common for emergency nurses to care for patients with advanced, serious illness or injuries or who are nearing the end of their lives. 1 Since much of the care in the emergency setting is focused on lifesaving measures and urgent or immediate care, it can be challenging to change direction in the midst of a complex and often chaotic environment to provide palliative and endof-life (EOL) care. Challenges to providing this specialty care have been described as time constraints, lack of patient information, and societal expectations of emergency care. 2-5 Multiple definitions of palliative and EOL care exist in the literature. The National Consensus Project for Quality Palliative Care defined palliative care as "patient and family-centered care that optimizes quality of life by anticipating, preventing, and treating suffering. Palliative care throughout the continuum of illness involves addressing physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual needs and to facilitate patient autonomy, access to information, and choice." 6 Of note, palliative care is not solely reserved for patients at the end-of-life. Palliative care is given from the moment of diagnosis, concurrently with curative or disease-modifying therapy, as well as when illness is in its most advanced stages. Other sources further explain it as care that includes optimizing the quality of life; giving attention to emotional, cultural, social, and spiritual needs of the patient; involving family; preserving patient autonomy and rights; providing pain management; and supporting patient and family medical decision-making. 2-5 Additional alternative care practices that allow the patient and family members to better manage the end-oflife experience include Allowing Natural Death (A.N.D.) and Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST). 7,8 Integral to the core of these approaches is thoughtful, perceptive, open, and respectful communication.
Palliative Care: The Practice of End of Life Care
AUC: Asian Journal of Religious Studies, 2021
Providing care to the sick is not an obligation but a duty that is bound with human connectedness to each other. Palliative care picks up the strings along with curative treatment to try and provide a comfortable death. Palliative care is provided after a complete assessment is done on the symptoms and the stage of the disease and the condition of the patient. This discipline works not in isolation but with the patient’s family or care giver. The family becomes a part of providing treatment to the patient and they are also given emotional and mental support.