Empowering Local Communities through the Tourism Social Enterprise Approach: A Case Study of Entra Indonesia (original) (raw)
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In developing countries, tourism is typically implemented through a top-down planning approach ([12]; Teye, Sirakaya & Sönmez 2002), and decision-making is mostly based on the interventions of government agencies and large multinational tourism firms [12]. As a result, the dominance of external, often foreign capital, and the marginalization of local people is common (Dola & Mijan 2006; Hampton 2003; [12]). Local communities in developing countries often gain only small advantages from tourism (Hampton 2003; [13]). This has been attributed to local people being exploited and having little power to control the tourism development process. In fact, local communities in developing countries are frequently excluded from tourism development, particularly in decision-making and the management of tourism projects (Teye et al. 2002). Braga maintains that social entrepreneurship is the creation of social impact by developing and implementing a sustainable business model that draws on innovative solutions that benefit the disadvantaged and, ultimately, society at large. This article reviews social entrepreneurship in tourism as a way to participate in tourism. Tourism often neglects the opportunity of local people to involve locals in tourism development in their own area. The positive economy of tourism is often enjoyed by outsiders. This article also slightly draws result on how the tourism social entrepreneurship is implemented. Drawing on in-depth interviews of 37 residents, this study explores the social entrepreneurship in tourism in Madura Island. It is argued that the social entrepreneurship is mostly developed initiatively by the participants and indeed is a way to involve locals to participate in tourism.
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The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 2020
This study aims to examine the community empowerment model to develop sustainable tourism villages in Indonesia. This study applies a qualitative method. Data collection is conducted through interviews, observations, and focus group discussions held in Ponggok Village of Central Java Province-Indonesia. The results of this study found that the tourism development carried out in the Ponggok Village used four approaches (1) spatial approach as a basis in determining the direction of village development; (2) sectoral approach through increasing the role of the Village Owned Enterprises to build the village economy; (3) human resources to enhance the role of village communities in managing village potentials; and (4) use of information technology to improve service quality, transparency and accountability. The success of these four approaches is influenced by the leadership, innovation, collaboration, and good village governance. The success of the Ponggok village to become an independent village in improving the welfare of the community is inseparable from the success of the Ponggok village government in empowering the community to manage sustainable tourism development. The success of development with these four approaches is influenced by leadership, innovation, collaboration, and good governance.