Coping Strategies and Resiliency of Informal Caregivers (original) (raw)
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Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders, 2016
Although caring for a person with dementia can be stressful, some caregivers appear to experience few negative consequences to their well-being. This study aimed to examine what proportion of caregivers demonstrates resilience under different challenging circumstances and to identify factors related to their resilience. Baseline data from 4 studies from the Netherlands and UK among informal caregivers of people with dementia were harmonized and integrated. Caregiver resilience was defined as high levels of psychological well-being despite different types of high caregiving demands. Multivariate regression analyses identified factors significantly related to caregiver resilience. The integrated data set included 15 harmonized variables with data from 1,048 caregivers facing a high care demand. The prevalence of resilience varied between 35 and 43%, depending on the demand for high care. Being a male caregiver, caring for a female, living apart from your relative, and low caregiver bu...
2008
Objectives: The emotional health of family members providing care in the community to individuals with disability is a vital public health concern as our population ages and more care is provided in the community. The objectives of this study were to determine factors associated with family caregivers' mental health and compare their mental health to a matched non-caregiving group using a large, representative, and longitudinal database representing a broad spectrum of disabilities.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2019
This study focuses on the sociodemographic knowledge of informal caregivers and the identification of the level of overload, the sample was for convenience and is composed of nine subjects of study (8 women and 1 man), has a quantitative approach, a descriptive scope and a non-experimental design. Three instruments are applied: SCB-SB Caregiver Overload Questionnaire, EUROQOL-5D Scale and General Health Questionnaire GHQ-28. The objective is to know the characteristics of informal caregivers of the city of Hopelch?n, Campeche, Mexico, in the sociodemographic and emotional dimensions, with the intention of designing a training program that allows them to improve their emotional state. Answer the question: what are the benefits obtained from the identification of sociodemographic characteristics of informal caregivers of the city of Hopelch?n, in the period October-December 2018? The main results are: at the level of study 1 has a bachelor\'s degree, 2 primary, 6 high school; 55.56% have an age range between 45 and 50 years; 55.56% have two years with this activity; 55.56% work as a caregiver between 6 and 10 continuous hours; 100% report not having health problems; in the Surveillance Questionnaire of the SCB-SB caregiver, 66.67% reached a result of low overload; Scale EUROQOL-5D, seven caregivers obtained 90/100 points, which does not represent risk; n the General Health Questionnaire GHQ-28, 88.89% of the sample obtained zero, which means that they perceive good general health. A strategy is proposed to influence the mental health of the caregivers.
A Portrait of Resilience in Caregiving
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 2014
The current study investigated biopsychosocial resilience in an older adult caregiver. A case study was selected for in-depth exploration of resilience in caregiving identified through biopsychosocial (i.e., salivary cortisol) methods. An exemplar of a woman caring for an adult child dying from a genetic disease is presented in the context of multiple stressors. Significant stress was found to be buffered by cognitive reframing and acceptance of interpersonal limits. Early experiences in caregiving for others with terminal illnesses provided a frame of reference, and difficult family dynamics added a layer of complexity. During periods identified as stressful, cortisol levels rose outside of normal bounds. The study implications are that mixed-methods (i.e., biopsychosocial) studies yield important results on individual differences within similar contexts. [Res Gerontol Nurs. 2015; 8(1):29-38.].
The Journal of Adult Protection
Purpose This study aims to explore the risk and protective factors of abuse on older adults by family caregivers, with a special focus on the protective role of caregiver resilience in elder abuse. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional survey was conducted on a purposive sample of 600 family caregivers of community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong (mean age = 71.04 and female = 67.2%). Caregivers reported in a guided interview about elder abuse behaviours, caregiver burden, care recipients’ agitated behaviours, caregiver resilience, self-efficacy, social support and basic demographic characteristics. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the predictors of different forms of elder abuse. Findings Caregiver resilience was predictive of lower levels of verbal abuse, physical abuse, injury and financial exploitation but not potentially harmful behaviour (PHB). Social support was independent with all forms of elder abuse, while self-efficacy predi...
Understanding Resilience Factors Among Caregivers of People with Alzheimer’s Disease in Spain
Psychology Research and Behavior Management
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) caregivers resilience involves the interaction between different risk and protective factors. Context of care, objective stressors, perceived stressors caregiver assessment, mediators factors and consequences of care were associated with resilience. We have developed a more integrated and operational conceptual model of resilience and care than previous models in our sociocultural environment. Purpose: To assess the resilience of caregivers of people with AD and the related factors grouped according to an established operational conceptual model of Alzheimer´s caregivers stress. Patients and Methods: A total of 120 primary informal caregivers of AD persons in Badajoz (Spain) were included in a cross-sectional design. The following variables have been measured on AD persons and caregivers: socio-demographic data, dependency level, cognitive decline, neuropsychiatric and behavioral symptoms, anxiety, depression, severity of somatic symptoms, level of burden, self-esteem, coping, social support, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and resilience. Results: Most of the caregivers reported symptoms of anxiety (63.3%) and depression (62.5%). We found out higher levels of resilience in caregivers with lower dependence caring (p=0.004). Higher resilience levels of caregivers were related to minor depressive (p=0.006) and anxiety symptoms (p=0.000), and higher HRQOL (p=0.000). Coping dimension mostly used was problembased strategies such as active coping, positive reinterpretation and acceptance (p= 0.000). Conclusion: Those caregivers reporting higher levels of resilience exhibited moderate to intense indicators of burden, fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety and fewer somatic symptoms. They also used adequate problem-focused coping strategies, showed higher levels of HRQOL and demonstrated an appropriate perception of social support. Despite the fact that the characteristics relating to the care context and to social support exert an undeniable influence on caregiver resilience, it would appear that the caregiver's own intra-psychic resources reveal stronger correlations. Relevance for Clinical Practice: The early and accurate identification of caregivers with lower levels of resilience could enable the implementation of vital psychological and educative support interventions to help caregivers to improve their well-being.
Journal of Compassionate Health Care, 2017
Background: Informal care is taking an increasingly important role in our health care system, and an improvement in our understanding of caregiving experiences and outcomes has become more relevant. The Lifelines informal care add-on study (Lifelines ICAS) was initiated within the Lifelines Cohort Study to cover the large heterogeneity in the caregiver population and to investigate the complex interplay among the characteristics of the caregiver, care recipient, and care situation and positive and negative caregiver outcomes. In this paper, we discuss the study design and data collection procedures of Lifelines ICAS, provide a detailed overview of its measures, and describe the caregiver study population. Methods: Lifelines participants who participated in the 2nd Lifelines follow-up questionnaire were asked whether they provided informal care. Subsequently, they were invited to participate in Lifelines ICAS. Descriptive statistics were used to describe all informal caregivers in the 2nd Lifelines follow-up questionnaire and to describe the subsample of informal caregivers participating in Lifelines ICAS. Results: A total of 11,651 Lifelines participants were self-identified as an informal caregiver and provided basic information about their care situation. A subsample of 965 informal caregivers participated in Lifelines ICAS and completed a comprehensive questionnaire about their care situation. In this subsample, the average age of caregivers was 53 years (SD 9.8), 75% were female, and 56% cared for a parent (in-law). Care recipients were on average 68 years old (SD 23.5), and 64% were female. Discussion: Considering that informal caregivers are a huge resource for our health care system, Lifelines ICAS enables the study of differences among caregivers, care recipients, and care situations, as well as the study of common characteristics and features across caregiver groups. Notably, data from the Lifelines Cohort Study and Lifelines ICAS are available to all researchers on a fee-for-service basis, and Lifelines ICAS data may be enhanced by one or more follow-up measurements or linkages with other data sources.
2001 Informal caregiving in Canada: A snapshot
2020
Executive Summary In the January 2001 Speech from the Throne, the Government of Canada made a laudable promise to take steps to enable parents to provide care to a gravely ill child without fear of sudden income or job loss. However, parents caring for gravely ill children represent a small minority of Canadians who care for relatives or friends with a long-term health or physical limitation. Furthermore, income and job loss are not the only costs caregivers commonly experience. In 1996, 2.85 million Canadians provided care to at least one person with a chronic health problem or disability. Most caregivers were: • middle-aged women • employed full time • caring for more than one person • caring for a parent (but significant proportions cared for distant kin or friends) • caring for more than two years • not living with the person for whom they cared • not primary caregivers Caregiving has significant implications for caregivers' lives: • more than half made adjustments to their...
BMC Nursing
Background Providing long-term home care to older adults with chronic diseases may endanger the physical, mental, social, and spiritual health of caregivers and lead to care strain. Objective This study aimed to assess the relationship of caregiver strain with resilience and hardiness in family caregivers of older adults with chronic disease. Methodology This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in 2020–2021 in Tehran. Participants were 230 family caregivers randomly recruited from 8 urban health care centers. Data were collected using a personal characteristics questionnaire, the Modified Caregiver Strain Index, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Family Hardiness Index, and the data were analyzed by using SPSS 22 version. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was applied for data analysis. P-values ≤0.05 were considered significant. Results A total of 230 caregivers participated in the study. The mean age of participants was (46.65 ± 13.63) years and most of them were femal...