Evolution of Clinical Proteomics and its Role in Medicine (original) (raw)

The Evolution of Clinical Proteomics and its Role in Medicine

Journal of Proteome Research, 2010

Significant progress has been made in characterizing and sequencing genomic alterations of biospecimens from several types of cancer. Understanding the functional changes in the human proteome that arise from the genomic alterations or other factors is the next logical step in the development of high-value protein biomarkers that can be transitioned to clinical studies for biomarker qualification. Linking advances in genomic analysis to proteomic analysis will provide a pathway for qualified biomarkers which can drive the rational development of new diagnostics and therapies. The availability of these multidimensional data to the scientific community sets the stage for the development of new molecularly targeted cancer interventions.

Proteomics and mass spectrometry for cancer biomarker discovery

Biomarker insights, 2007

Proteomics is a rapidly advancing field not only in the field of biology but also in translational cancer research. In recent years, mass spectrometry and associated technologies have been explored to identify proteins or a set of proteins specific to a given disease, for the purpose of disease detection and diagnosis. Such biomarkers are being investigated in samples including cells, tissues, serum/plasma, and other types of body fluids. When sufficiently refined, proteomic technologies may pave the way for early detection of cancer or individualized therapy for cancer. Mass spectrometry approaches coupled with bioinformatic tools are being developed for biomarker discovery and validation. Understanding basic concepts and application of such technology by investigators in the field may accelerate the clinical application of protein biomarkers in disease management.

Proteomics in cancer research: Are we ready for clinical practice?

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, 2015

1. Introduction to clinical proteomics Highlights-Oncoproteomics correlates better to the biological phenotype compared genomics and transcriptomics-With current progress in the field, mass spectrometry-based proteomics has major potential in both biomarker discovery and validation studies-Limited amount of clinical proteomics results are translated into a clinical setting due to major challenges-The nature and quality of clinical samples is of tremendous importance for proteomics experiments-Only proteomics studies with sufficient statistical power and an unbiased study design can deliver potential biomarkers-Analysis of a highly dynamic and complex proteome requires different fractionation strategies

How can Proteomics Reach Cancer Biomarkers?

Current Proteomics, 2013

ABSTRACT Although proteomics is a very recently developed science, important advances have already occurred in this field. There is growing interest in the scientific community for using this technology as a high-throughput innovative strategy for biomarker discovery in the field of cancer research. However, certain challenges must be overcome before reaching this goal. The basis for discovering reliable biomarkers is rooted in technical and biological parameters. The main biological limit is outlining tumor heterogeneity, while methodological issues include appropriate study designs, the use of sensitive technologies for screening, and the employment of confident strategies for data validation. This review focuses on the major questions related to the strengths and limitations of the development of cancer biomarkers by pro-teomic-based studies.

Proteomics biomarkers for solid tumors: Current status and future prospects

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

Cancer is a heterogeneous multifactorial disease, which continues to be one of the main causes of death worldwide. Despite the extensive efforts for establishing accurate diagnostic assays and efficient therapeutic schemes, disease prevalence is on the rise, in part, however, also due to improved early detection. For years, studies were focused on genomics and transcriptomics, aiming at the discovery of new tests with diagnostic or prognostic potential. However, cancer phenotypic characteristics seem most likely to be a direct reflection of changes in protein metabolism and function, which are also the targets of most drugs. Investigations at the protein level are therefore advantageous particularly in the case of in-depth characterization of tumor progression and invasiveness. Innovative high-throughput proteomic technologies are available to accurately evaluate cancer formation and progression and to investigate the functional role of key proteins in cancer. Employing these new highly sensitive proteomic technologies, cancer biomarkers may be detectable that contribute to diagnosis and guide curative treatment when still possible. In this review, the recent advances in proteomic biomarker research in cancer are outlined, with special emphasis placed on the identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for solid tumors. In view of the increasing number of screening programs and clinical trials investigating new treatment options, we discuss the molecular connections of the biomarkers as well as their potential as clinically useful tools for diagnosis, risk stratification and therapy monitoring of solid tumors.

Proteomics in Cancer Biomarkers Discovery: Challenges and Applications

Disease Markers, 2015

With the introduction of recent high-throughput technologies to various fields of science and medicine, it is becoming clear that obtaining large amounts of data is no longer a problem in modern research laboratories. However, coherent study designs, optimal conditions for obtaining high-quality data, and compelling interpretation, in accordance with the evidence-based systems biology, are critical factors in ensuring the emergence of good science out of these recent technologies. This review focuses on the proteomics field and its new perspectives on cancer research. Cornerstone publications that have tremendously helped scientists and clinicians to better understand cancer pathogenesis; to discover novel diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers; and to suggest novel therapeutic targets will be presented. The author of this review aims at presenting some of the relevant literature data that helped as a step forward in bridging the gap between bench work results and bedside potentials. Undeniably, this review cannot include all the work that is being produced by expert research groups all over the world.

Proteomics for Cancer Biomarker Discovery

2002

The emergence of novel technologies allows researchers to facilitate the comprehensive analyses of genomes, transcriptomes, and proteomes in health and disease. The information that is expected from such technologies may soon exert a dramatic change in the pace of cancer research and impact dramatically on the care of cancer patients. These approaches have already demonstrated the power of molecular medicine in discriminating among disease subtypes that are not recognizable by traditional pathologic criteria and in identifying specific genetic events involved in cancer progression. This review

Application of Proteomics to Cancer Therapy

2016

Conventional cancer therapy relies heavily on genomics for the screening of patients, with a number of cancers being identified and classified through the presence of specific mutations. Tests for well-described, key genes along various biochemical pathways are used to assess the risk of malignancy, diagnosis and prognosis. However, such analysis is insufficient for many patients and needs to be supplemented with information related to the downstream protein phenotype, and which is more patient-specific. A comprehensive understanding of the changes in the proteome over the progression of cancer, from the pre-malignant to the metastatic phase, is required. Proteomic technologies are slowly becoming more accessible and are being employed at various stages of cancer therapy. Such techniques are capable of providing patient-specific data which improves decision-making. Various proteins have been proposed as biomarkers for specific malignancies either for the screening of tumour biopsies...