Juvenile recidivism and length of stay (original) (raw)
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Criminal Justice and Behavior, 2010
Although prior research suggests that juvenile correctional programs can be effective at reducing recidivism, research has also found that some programs are more effective than others. This suggests that identifying the characteristics of effective correctional programs is an important issue surrounding interventions with juveniles. The current research not only examines the effectiveness of Ohio's community correctional facilities in reducing recidivism, but it also examines whether measures of treatment integrity are related to recidivism. The findings revealed that programs that scored higher on treatment integrity were more effective at reducing recidivism. Specifically, community corrections facilities that served higher risk youth, targeted dynamic risk factors with cognitive behavioral modalities, and employed trained and qualified staff were found to have stronger effects on recidivism than those that did not.
Criminology & Public Policy, 2018
(2018, this issue) report the relationship of ratings of the quality of service delivery for 56 residential programs for juvenile offenders in Florida to the subsequent recidivism of the youth who participated in those programs. Quality of service delivery is one of the four components of the Standardized Program Evaluation Protocol (SPEP TM), a scheme for assessing the expected effects of therapeutic juvenile justice programs on recidivism. The other SPEP TM components include the generic program type (cognitive-behavioral therapy, family therapy, individual counseling, etc.), the amount of service provided (duration and contact hours), and the recidivism risk of the youth served. The focus on these factors, how each is defined, and the associated rating and weighting scheme are based on the program features found to be associated most strongly with recidivism reductions in a meta-analysis of 548 controlled studies of interventions with juvenile offenders (Howell and Lipsey, 2012; Lipsey, 2009). The SPEP TM allows for a certain amount of flexibility and local tailoring of the data sources that provide input for the ratings and the data elements incorporated into those ratings. The recidivism risk rating, for instance, is based on scores from a validated risk assessment instrument, but no particular instrument is specified and this rating is adapted to whatever eligible assessment is in use by a juvenile justice system. Similarly, even though the SPEP TM specifications for the quality of service delivery rating address the treatment
Treatment of juvenile offenders: Study outcomes since 1980
Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 1988
Past reviews of the treatment of juvenile offenders have concluded that "nothing works." More recently, some reviewers have concluded that treatment concepts are not necessarily ineffective, but, instead, research methodology and treatment integrity have been inadequate. The present review looks at the treatment of adjudicated juvenile offenders from a computer-data-based search of the literature published from I980 to 1987. Research outcome and methodology are summarized and critiqued. The conclusions are that treatment outcomes were positive, but that serious methodological weaknesses still exist in the literature. Improvements still need to be made in sample sizes, use of appropriate and multiple measures of recidivism, random assignment andlor use of appropriate control groups, and long-term follow-up assessment.
Risk factors for overall recidivism and severity of recidivism in serious juvenile offenders
International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 2011
This study was aimed at finding risk factors that predict both overall recidivism and severity of recidivism in serious juvenile offenders. Seventy static and dynamic risk factors associated with family characteristics, peers, psychopathology, substance abuse, psychological factors, and behavior during treatment were assessed with the Juvenile Forensic Profile in a sample of 728 juvenile offenders. Official reconviction data were used to register recidivism with a minimum time at risk of 2 years. Severity of offending was categorized according to the maximum sentence for the offense committed combined with expert opinion. Several risk factors for recidivism were found: past criminal behavior (number of past offenses, young age at first offense, unknown victim of past offenses), conduct disorder, family risk factors (poor parenting skills, criminal behavior in the family, a history of physical and emotional abuse), involvement with criminal peers, and lack of treatment adherence (agg...
Criminology, 2009
Objectives: Estimate the dose-response relationship between time served in prison and offenders' odds of recidivism. Methods: Using a large, representative sample of adult offenders released from prison under postrelease supervision in the state of Ohio, we examine the relationship between the length of time these offenders served in prison and their odds of recidivism during the year following their release. Multivariate logistic regression and analyses involving propensity score matching for ordered doses are both used to estimate the time served-recidivism relationship. Results: Analyses of these data revealed that offenders confined for longer periods of time
Long Term Effects of Juvenile Correctional Confinement
2020
Justice-involved adolescents face significant roadblocks in the transition to adulthood when they navigate this period while simultaneously re-entering the community after a period of confinement. This study investigates how confinement disrupts psychosocial development across the transition to adulthood using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to compare psychological wellbeing and psychosocial development for youth confined before age 18, those arrested before age 18 but not confined, and those with no criminal justice involvement in adolescence. Findings show significantly lower levels of psychological well-being for confined youth compared to all other youth. Females who were confined during adolescence were especially low levels of psychological well-being in young adulthood. Subsequently, confined youth have lower levels of educational and employment attainment in young adulthood. Results suggest the need for juvenile facilities to incorporate progr...