The Effects of Low-Calorie Diets on Abdominal Visceral Fat, Muscle Mass, and Dietary Quality in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Subjects (original) (raw)
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Journal of Nutrition and Health, 2014
The fatty acids DB covered a total of 5,144 food items used in the KNHANES nutrition survey. The food items were preferentially filled with analytical values of the collected data source. An analytical value for each food item was selected based on the priority criteria and the quality evaluation of data sources. Missing values were replaced with calculated or imputed values using the analytical values of similar food items from the data source. Results: A total of 1,545 analytical values, 2,589 calculated values, and 1,010 imputed values were included in the fatty acid DB. The developed fatty acid DB was applied to 2,112 food items available for 2011 KNHANES data. Mean intake levels of total fatty acids and saturated fatty acids were 40.3 g/day and 13.2 g/day, respectively. The estimation of total fatty acid intake was 84.3% (men 83.2%, women 86.0%) of daily total fat intake. Conclusion: This newly developed fatty acid DB would be helpful in determining the association of fatty acids intake and related health concerns in the Korean population.
Journal of Nutrition and Health, 2014
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary flavonoids intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: A total of 223 subjects (mean age; 27.3 ± 4.2 yrs, range; 17-38 yrs) were divided into the MetS group (n = 27) and non-MetS group (n = 196). Dietary intake data were assessed by 24-hour recall method for two non-consecutive days and the average of the two days was used to estimate the usual dietary intake. Dietary habits were assessed using the Mini Dietary Assessment (MDA) score. We analyzed the intakes of six flavonoid classes (anthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, and isoflavones) using a flavonoids database. Results: After adjustment for age, total energy intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, regular exercise, and oral contraceptive use, dietary flavonols intake was significantly lower in the MetS group (5.1 ± 2.4 mg/d) than in the non-MetS group (8.9 ± 2.8 mg/d) (p = 0.0472). Intakes of other flavonoids except for flavonols did not differ between the two groups. In MDA scores, significant differences were observed only for that related to daily consumption of fruit or fruit juice (p = 0.0180). A significant inverse relationship was observed between flavonols intake and the risk of MetS (4th vs. 1st quartile, OR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.02-0.62, p for trend = 0.0131). Conclusion: These results suggest that higher intake of flavonols may be beneficial for MetS in PCOS women.
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science, 2012
The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of self management behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes and to compare the factors influencing self management behavior between the elderly and adults. Methods: The participants consisted of 105 adults and 100 elderly who visited the outpatient department of a hospital from August to December 2011. Data was collected by questionnaires and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: The elderly showed higher mean scores of subcategory of self management behavior than adults. In stepwise multiple regression analysis, a total of 42% (adults), 52% (elderly) respectively of variance in self management behavior were accounted for by self-efficacy, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, yes or no smoking and regular exercise in adults and readiness, self efficacy, perceived benefits in the elderly. Conclusion: Therefore, a diabetics intervention program should be designed and provided as a tailored one for adults and elderly separately in Korea. In the strategy for adults with type 2 diabetes in the promotion of self efficacy, perceived benefits and reduction of perceived barriers, and correction of life habits such as smoking and exercise are needed, whereas in the elderly promotion of readiness, self efficacy, perceived benefits are required.
Association Between Obesity and Patterns of Alcohol Drinking in Korea
Public Health Research, 2014
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the association between obesity and drinking frequency, drinking quantity, binge drinking frequency, and alcohol use disorder in Korea. Methods: Five thousand nine hundred and forty three cases of 19 years old or over which were selected from the raw data of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2012 were applied to chi-test and multivariate logistic regression to identify correlates of obesity by drinking behaviors. The final control variables were gender, age and education level. Results: Weekly drinkers are 1.236 times more likely to have obesity than Abstainer or less than monthly drinkers. Who drinks 5 or 6 glasses is 1.297 times, who drinks 7 or 9 glasses is 1.656 times, and who drink 10 or more glasses is 2.363 times more likely to have obesity than who drinks 1 or 2 glasses on a typical day. For male who has binge drinking occasion weekly is 1.612 times, and who has daily or almost daily is 2.179 ...
Journal of Rheumatic Diseases, 2016
Objective. Gout is known to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and hyperhomocysteinemia is one of the risk factors for CVD. We investigated the associations between the change of serum homocysteine (Hcy) level and those of the other parameters including serum uric acid level, renal function, and cholesterol profiles in chronic gout patients with longitudinal follow-up data. Methods. Ninety-one male patients with chronic gout and 97 age-matched healthy male control subjects were included in the previous study. Among them, 33 patients with gout and 39 healthy control subjects underwent follow-up tests for Hcy levels with an average of 24.00±9.12 months in this study. Results. The follow-up data showed that gout patients had significantly higher levels of Hcy in serum than control subjects (16.75±5.43 μmol/L vs. 13.17±3.83 μmol/L, p=0.002). In gout patients, the change of serum Hcy level after follow up showed positive correlation with the change of creatinine (γ=0.442, p=0.009) and negative correlation with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; γ=−0.528, p＜0.001). However, the change of serum Hcy level did not show correlation with the changes of uric acid level or the lipid profiles. Conclusion. Serum Hcy level was elevated in gout patients compared with control subjects. The change of serum Hcy level showed negative correlation with the change of eGFR. Hyperhomocysteinemia in gout patients was associated with decreased renal function, but not with serum uric acid or lipid profiles.
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the nutritional status of residents, to examine the perception and needs of community nutrition care service, and to compare and analyze the results of females and males living in Daejeon, Korea. Methods: The subjects were 592 adults and elderly (278 men and 314 women) residents of Daejeon. The dietary quality was assessed using the nutrition quotient (NQ), and data of the perception and needs for community nutrition care service were obtained by a questionnaire survey. Descriptive analysis was applied to analyze the demographic characteristics, perception and needs of the respondents, and independent t-test and chi-square test were performed to analyze and compare the differences between female and male participants. Results: A nutritional status that required monitoring was established in 78.9% of the respondents in this study. The balance factor (29.1 points) was much lower than the national average. In the diversity factor, the NQ score of the female group was 47.6 points, which was 8 points lower than that of males; the NQ grade was 43.9%, showing a significant difference between females and males (P < 0.001). The respondents answered that those who needed community nutrition care services were residents experiencing health care difficulties. Additionally, dietitians (35.6%) were pointed out as the most suitable service providers. The most important factor of community nutrition care service operation was securing the budget (47.0%). Conclusions: The results of the present study show that Daejeon residents need overall nutrition support, and a demand for community nutrition care services exists. Our findings provide basic data and can serve as a foundation for the development and establishment of a community nutrition care service model.
Effects of Gastric Lipase on the Digestibility of Dog Food during <i>in vitro</i> Digestion
농업생명과학연구, 2023
The effect of gastric lipase (GL) on the digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and ether extracts (EE) was investigated during in vitro digestion as a process to optimize the condition of a static in vitro digestion model for dogs. GL was added during the gastric phase of in vitro digestion. After gastric (39℃, 2 hr.) and intestinal (39℃, 4 hr.) digestion phases, the non-digested fraction was collected from the final reactant DM, CP, and EE levels in the non-digestible fraction were analyzed and those of the digestibility was calculated. DM, CP and EE digestibility at gastric and intestinal digestion phases were not significantly different between the Control and GL groups (p>0.05). As a result, in the static in vitro digestion model, the addition of GL did not affect the digestibility of DM, CP and EE. Therefore, these results suggest that the role of GL in the evaluation of digestibility of dog`s food using a static in vitro digestion model are limited.