Efecto protector de lÆtex desecado y fracciÛn alcaloidea de Croton palanostigma frente a injuria de mucosa gÆstrica inducida por etanol en ratas (original) (raw)

Abstract

RESUMEN OBJETIVOS: Evaluar el grado de protección de necrosis de la mucosa gástrica por etanol, con látex desecado y fracciones alcaloideas de C. palanostigma, en un modelo experimental estandarizado en ratas. Evaluar toxicidad subcrónica. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se evaluó 60 animales, administrándoles uno de 6 pretratamientos: solución salina, látex desecado de C. palanostigma 120 mg/kg, fracción alcaloidea de C. palanostigma 20 mg/kg, 35 mg/kg y 50 mg/kg y sucralfato 500 mg/kg. Una hora más tarde se aplicó por vía intragástrica 2 mL de etanol al 100%. Se realizó evaluación macroscópica y microscópica de las lesiones gástricas. Se evaluó la toxicidad subcrónica a la dosis de 0,12, 0,40 y 1,20 mL/kg, por el período de 30 días, con estudios bioquímicos e histopatológicos de los órganos. RESULTADOS: El pretratamiento con látex y las fracciones alcaloideas y el sucralfato redujo significativamente la necrosis hemorrágica inducida por el etanol. La toxicidad subcrónica en la dosis mayor mostró riesgo de esteatosis hepática. CONCLUSIÓN: En nuestras condiciones experimentales el C. palanostigma y la taspina presentaron importante efecto protector y potencial terapéutico. En toxicidad subcrónica, la dosis mayor presentó riesgo de esteatosis hepática. Palabras claves: Mucosa gástrica; Plantas medicinales; Agentes antiulcerosos; Modelos animales de enfermedad. PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF DRIED SAP AND ALKALOID FRACTION OF Croton palanostigma AGAINST ACUTE ETHANOL-INDUCED GASTRIC MUCOSA INJURY SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The gastric protective abilities of dried sap and alkaloid fraction of Croton palanostigma and sucralfate against ethanol-induced necrosis was compared by means of standard experimental rat model. Subchronic toxicity was determined. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A pretreatment with either saline solution, dried sap of C. palanostigma 120 mg/kg, alkaloid fraction of C. palanostigma 20 mg/kg, 35 mg/kg y 50 mg/kg or sucralfate was given to 60 rats. Intragastric administration of 2 mL of 100% ethanol was accomplished one hour later. A gastrectomy was perfomed four hours later followed by macroscopic and histological evaluation of the gastric lesions. Subchronic toxicity was determined with doses of 0,12, 0,40 and 1,20 mL/kg of sap for a 30-day period with biochemical and histopathologic study of the organs. RESULTS: Pretreatment with dried sap and alkaloid fractions of C. palanostigma and sucralfate resulted in a significant reduction of ethanol-induced gastric mucosa necrosis. Subchronic toxicity with C. palanostigma largest dose showed risk of liver steatosis. CONCLUSION: In the present study, dried sap and alkaloid fraction of C. palanostigma and sucralfate showed a significative protective effect, being potentially useful as a therapeutic tool. Subchronic toxicity in higher doses showed risk of liver steatosis.

Loading...

Loading Preview

Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.

References (22)

  1. Málaga GE. Efecto del clorhidrato de taspina sobre la cura- ción de la úlcera gástrica inducida en ratas. Tesis de bachiller en Biología. Lima. Univ. Peruana Cayetano Heredia 1991.
  2. Ayala S, Díaz D, Palomino M, Armas S, Paz J. Efecto protector de Croton palanostigma y Aloe vera frente a inju- ria aguda de mucosa gástrica inducida por etanol en ratas. Anales de la Facultad de Medicina 1999; 601 (1):22-9.
  3. Ayala S, Jurupe H, Diaz D, Ore R, Cárdenas W, Espejo L. Efecto protector de Phthirusa pyrifolia y Croton palanostigma sobre lesiones gástricas inducidas por etanol en ratas. SITUA 2000;16:12-6.
  4. Harrington SJ, Schelegel JF, Code CF. The protective effect of sucralfate on the gastric mucosa of rats. J Clin Gastroenterol 1981; 3:129-34.
  5. Tarnawski A, Hollander D,Gergely H, Stachura J. Comparison of antacid, sucralfate, cimetidine and ranitidine in protection of the gastric mucosa against ethanol injury. Am J Med 1985; 79:19-23.
  6. Bradford M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 1976; 72:248-54.
  7. Robert A, Nezamis RA, Lancaster JE, Hanchar AJ. Cytoprotection by prostaglandins in rats. Prevention of gastric necrosis produced by alcohol, HCl, NaOH, hypertonic NaCl and thermal injury. Gastroenterol 1979; 77:433-43.
  8. Davenport HW. Ethanol damage to canine oxyntic glandu- lar mucosa. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1967; 126:657-62.
  9. Guth PH, Aures D, Paulson G. Topical aspirine plus HCl gastric lesions in the rat: cytoprotective effect of prostaglandin, cimetidine, and probanthine. Gastroenterol 1979; 76:88-93.
  10. KonturekSJ, Radecki T, Brzozowski T, Piastocki I, Dembiskakieg A, Zmuda A. Gastric cytoprotection by prostaglandins, ranitidine, and probanthine in rats. Scand J Gastroenterol 1981; 16:7-12.
  11. Nagashima R. Mechanism of action of sucralfate. J Clin Gastroenterol 1981; 3(suppl 2):117-27.
  12. Elliot SN, Buret A, Mc Knight W, Miller MJS, Wallace JL. Bacteria rapidly colonize and delay the healing of gastric ulcers in rats. Am J Physiol 1998; 275: G425-G432.
  13. Itokawa H, Ichihara Y, Mchizuki M, Enomori T, Morita H, Shirota O, Inamatsu M, Takeya K. A cytotoxic substance from sangre de grado. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokio) 1991; 39 (4):1041-2.
  14. Chen ZP, Cai Y, Phillipson JD. Studies on the antitumour, antibacterial and wound healing properties of dragons blood. Planta Med 1994; 60:6541-5.
  15. Breen KJ, Schenker S, Heimberg M. Fatty liver induced by tetracycline in the rat: Dose response relationships and effect of sex. Gastroenterol 1975; 69:714-23.
  16. Fromenty B, Fisch C, Berson A, Letteron P, Larrey D, Pessayre D. Amiodarone inhibits the mitochondrial beta oxidation of fatty acids and produces microvesicular steatosis of the liver in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990; 255:1371-6.
  17. Rogers AE, Newberne PM. Animal model. Fatty liver and cirrhosis in lipotrope-deficient male rats Am J Pathol 1973; 73:817-20.
  18. Su GM, Sefton RM. Murria M. Down-regulation of rat hepatic microsomal cytochromes P-450 in microvesicular steatosis induced by orotic acid. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999; 291:953-9.
  19. Berson A, De Boca LP, Robin MA, Moreao C, EL Kahwaji J, Verthier N, Feldmann G, Fromenty B, Pessayre D. Steatohepatitis-inducing drugs cause mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid peroxidation in rat hepatocytes. Gastroenterol 1998; 114:764-74.
  20. Bashir RM, Lewis JH. Hepatotoxicity of drugs used in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Gastroenterol Clin N Am 1995; 24(4):937-61.
  21. Sherlock S. Enfermedades del hígado y vías biliares. El Ateneo 1995; 365-70.
  22. Rubin Farber JL. Patología. Editorial Médica Panameri- cana 1990; 682-5.