The role of trust in organizational settings (original) (raw)
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Trust as an Ever-Growing and Inexhaustible Value in Organizations in the Light of the Literature
Journal Plus Education, 2019
This paper summarizes the main findings of the literature on 'trust in organizations', relying mainly on the latest publications. The definitions, forms and development possibilities of trust used exclusively at the organizational level are discussed in more detail, so the names of classical authors appear in this section as well.In addition to building, expanding, and rebuilding trust, we also talk about the consequences of lack of confidence.Based on the findings of the more than 30 scientific publications used, we have tried to present the essential existence of trust, either in the workplace or in the private world.
A considerable amount of research has examined trust since our 1995 publication. We revisit some of the critical issues that we addressed and provide clarifications and extensions of the topics of levels of analysis, time, control systems, reciprocity, and measurement. We also recognize recent research in new areas of trust, such as affect, emotion, violation and repair, distrust, international and cross-cultural issues, and context-specific models, and we identify promising avenues for future research. As we wrote our 1995 paper on trust (Mayer, Davis, & Schoorman, 1995), we were struck by the relative scarcity of research in the mainstream management literature focusing directly on trust. This led us to several bodies of literature , including management, psychology, philosophy , and economics. We found that scholars from diverse disciplines were presenting many insightful views and perspectives on trust but that many of them seemed to talk past one another. Our goal was to integrate these perspectives into a single model. This work came to fruition at about the same time as several other works on trust. Papers on trust by Hosmer (1995) and McAllister (1995) were also published in Academy of Management journals that year, followed the next year by a book edited by Kramer and Tyler (1996). The con-fluence of these works, fueled by practical concerns raised by now infamous government and corporate scandals over the next decade, produced a groundswell of interest in understanding this basic and ubiquitous construct. Since we were drawing perspectives from multiple disciplines as inputs to the model, we wanted to provide a model that was generally applicable and would be used across multiple disciplines. We were gratified to find in a recent search that our paper has been cited over 1,100 times (according to Google Scholar). In addition to management and general business, it has been cited in such diverse areas as marketing, sociology, health care, and agribusiness. We would like to use this opportunity to revisit some of the issues raised by our 1995 paper and review how the field has dealt with them. We will also discuss the new concerns and opportunities for future research on trust.
The article presents the results of empirical research on the role of trust in inter-organizational relations (IORs) and its outcomes. We questioned 210 Polish large and medium sized companies in different industries, experienced in IORs of different kind with Polish and foreign partners. We used a set of non-parametric analyses: Spearman correlation, mediation analyses with bootstrapping and structural equations modeling with RML (Robust Maximum Likelihood). Our findings confirm the statistically relevant correlations between the interpersonal trust of individuals and teams, the trust-building competence of organization and the outcomes of the cooperative relationships of companies. Additionally, the trust-building competence of organization serves as a mediator in the relations of interpersonal trust and IORs outcomes.
At What Level (and in Whom) We Trust: Trust Across Multiple Organizational Levels
2012
Despite of the importance of trust across multiple levels in organizations, extant reviews have focused predominantly on trust at the individual level. A systematic review of trust research across levels and trust referents is sorely needed to synthesize the growing number of both micro and macro studies on this topic. Moreover, as trust is a linchpin for divergent areas, such as negotiation, leadership, team processes, human resource management, organizational change, entrepreneurship, and strategic alliances, a multilevel-multireferent review of trust can facilitate integration in the field of organizational sciences. In this review, we adopt a levels of analysis approach to organize the research on trust between 2000 and 2011 in multiple referents that include interpersonal, teams, and organizations at the individual, team, and organizational levels and analyze the similarities and differences in antecedents, consequences, and theoretical perspectives dominant at each level. Building on this foundation, we further identify the current strengths, weaknesses, and research gaps, offer recommendations for integration across levels and referents, and discuss lingering questions that research so far has overlooked. In doing so, our review offers a systematic and comprehensive view of the current state of the trust literature in organizational sciences and provides a blueprint for future research.