Synthesis and characterization of magnetic nano cellulose from olive waste ( Jeft ) for the effective removal of methylene blue from water (original) (raw)
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Environmental science and pollution research international, 2018
The work shown in this article demonstrate a novel example of converting olive industry solid waste (OISW) into a magnetic cellulose nanocrystalline (MNCs) to serve as selective magnetic sorbents for methylene blue. Olive industry solid waste contains about 40% cellulose. The cellulose was extracted in a powder form from olive industry solid waste by subjecting it to a multistep pulping and bleaching process. The extracted powder cellulose was then converted to nanocrystalline cellulose (NCs) by acid hydrolysis. The NCs were then treated with a solution of FeCl.6HO, FeSO, and HO by a colloidal suspension method which produced free-flowing porous MNCs. The produced MNCs are characterized by several spectroscopic and analytical techniques such as SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR VSM, and TGA. The efficiency of the three polymers cellulose powder, NCs, and MNCs toward extracting methylene blue (MB) from water was evaluated. Cellulose powder and NCs showed acceptable tendency for methylene blue. How...
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Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 core-shell magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared by chemical coprecipitation of FeCl 3 Á6H 2 O and FeCl 2 Á4H 2 O in alkaline solution, followed by silylation using triethoxy silane, and then by treatment with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The corresponding MNPs were coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by amide formation between carboxyl groups of CMC and amine functional groups of nanoparticles. The structure of MNPs was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, EDX, TEM, XRD, VSM and TGA analysis. CMC-coated Fe 3 O 4 @-SiO 2 magnetic nanoparticles were used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB, a cationic dye) from aqueous solutions. The impact of various factors such as adsorbent dosage, pH, initial concentration of MB, temperature and contact time were investigated. The kinetic, isotherms, and thermodynamic parameters of adsorption were also studied.
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The spinel zinc ferrite/alkali cellulose composite has been successfully fabricated as a magnetic photocatalyst and assessed for its photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous solution. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), BET, and zeta potential were used to evaluate the magnetic photocatalyst composite and investigate its adsorption mechanism. Furthermore, the adsorption behavior of the composite was studied under various conditions. The ZnFe2O4/alkali cellulose composite effectively degraded (100%) MB after 180 min at a pH of 6.5 compared to cellulose, alkali cellulose and ZnFe2O4. The regeneration of the loaded composite was studied using the alcohol/water solution and reused upon a certain variation in the efficiency after the fourth cycle. The adsorption process was found to be consistent with the ...
Renewable hybrid nanocatalyst from magnetite and cellulose for treatment of textile effluents
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2017
A hybrid catalyst was prepared using cellulose nanofibrils and magnetite to degrade organic compounds. Cellulose nanofibrils were isolated by mechanical defibrillation producing a suspension used as a matrix for magnetite particles. The solution of nanofibrils and magnetite was dried and milled resulting in a catalyst with a 1:1 ratio of cellulose and magnetite that was chemically and physically characterized using light, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopies, specific surface area analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Xray diffraction, catalytic potential and degradation kinetics. Results showed good dispersion of the active phase, magnetite, in the mat of cellulosic nanofibrils. Leaching and re-use tests showed that catalytic activity was not lost over several cycles. The hybrid material produced was tested for degradation of methylene blue dye in Fenton-like reactions resulting in a potential catalyst for use in degradation of organic compounds.
Gum Arabic-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles For Methylene Blue Removal
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2014
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were fabricated using the chemical co-precipitation method followed by coating the surface of magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles with gum arabic (GA). The fabricated magnetic nanoparticles were characterised using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) which showed that the Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and GA-MNPs nanoparticles had a mean diameter of 33 nm, and 38 nm, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the MNPs modified with GA had homogeneous structure and agglomerated. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) spectrum showed strong peaks of Fe and O. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) indicated that the naked magnetic nanoparticles were pure Fe 3 O 4 with a spinel structure and the covering of GA did not result in a phase change. The covering of GA on the magnetic nanoparticles was also studied by BET analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Moreover, the present study reports a fast and simple method for removal and recovery of methylene blue dye (MB) from aqueous solutions by using the synthesised magnetic nanoparticles modified with gum arabic as adsorbent. The experimental results show that the adsorption process attains equilibrium within five minutes. The data fit the Langmuir isotherm equation and the maximum adsorption capacities were 8.77 mg mg-1 and 14.3 mg mg-1 for MNPs and GA-MNPs, respectively. The results indicated that the homemade magnetic nanoparticles were quite efficient for removing MB and will be a promising adsorbent for the removal of harmful dyes from wastewater.
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Commercially available microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was functionalized using chlorosulfonic acid, while iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were adsorbed on the surface of the cellulose derivative by the Massart’s co-precipitation method. The obtained magnetite-decorated sulfate cellulose nanoparticles (MDSCNs) were characterized via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning-electron microscopy (SEM), and elemental analysis, while the acidity of the functionalized cellulose was determined using an acid–base titration with phenolphthalein as an indicator. Furthermore, in order to determine the adsorptive power of the obtained composite, a series of analyses were performed on aqueous amine pollutants using flame ionization detection gas chromatography (GC-FID). The results of this study clearly show how a bio-compatible green polymer as cellulose can be easy functionalized in order to improve its chemical and physical properties, obtaining a magnetic composite useful i...
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In an attempt to improve the enzymatic efficiency in ball mill, a novel immobilized cellulase on polyvinyl alcohol/Fe 2 O 3 magnetic nanoparticle with high activity was synthesized and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Zetasizer, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. It was found that the immobilized cellulase was a kind of spherical complex with approximate 270 nm, 4.87 A m 2 kg −1 , and mainly constructed by the accumulation of 10 nm Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles with the diffused polymer. When the immobilized cellulase was applied to degrade microcrystalline cellulose by combining with wet ball milling, the yielded glucose was 1.89 mg mL −1 , at least three times than the sum of individual yield. The immobilized cellulose maintained 40% activity even after four cycles of reuse. From these results, it can be concluded that the immobilization of cellulase with wet ball milling is a novel method to significantly improve the efficiency of cellulose conversion.
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FUNCTIONALIZED CELLULOSE BEADS WITH ACTIVATED CARBON Fe3O4/CoFe2O4 FOR CATIONIC DYE REMOVAL
Cellulose Chemistry and Technology
Modified regenerated cellulose beads functionalized with activated carbon (AC), as well as magnetic cellulose beads of AC-Fe 3 O 4 and AC-CoFe 2 O 4 , were synthesized. The AC was further used as adsorbent for the removal of cationic methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. The magnetic cellulose beads possessed a high magnetic response to an external magnetic field and their ease of recovery could be facilitated with the aid of a magnetic field. The synthesized adsorbents were characterized using a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), as well as by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In comparison with the synthesized magnetic cellulose beads, the maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent beads assisted with AC, AC-Fe 3 O 4 and AC-CoFe 2 O 4 was of 54, 53 and 50 mg/g, respectively. The kinetic study of the adsorption of MB dye onto the adsorbents was performed at different parameters (initial dye concentration and temperature). The kinetics of the adsorption fit well with the pseudo-second-order model.