Antibióticos De Uso Potencial en Apicultura a Partir Del Hongo Tricoderma Koningii (original) (raw)

Efectividad De Insecticidas Químicos en El Control De Thrips Palmi Karny en El Cultivo De La Papa

Fitosanidad, 2002

Contorl químico RESUMEN En Cuba Thrips palmi Karny se ha constituido en un serio problema en muchos cultivos, especialmente en la papa (Solanum tuberosum L.). Para el control de esta plaga los agricultores han usado diferentes plaguicidas, pero en muchos casos no han tenido buenos resultados. Para conocer la eficacia de los insecticidas que más comúnmente se aplican en el cultivo de la papa se desarrolló un experimento de cam

Efecto letal agudo de los insecticidas en formulación comercial Imidacloprid, Spinosad y Thiocyclam hidrogenoxalato en obreras de Bombus atratus (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Acute lethal effect of the commercial formulation of the insecticides Imidacloprid, Spinosad y Thiocyclam hidrogenoxalate in Bombus atratus (Hymenoptera: Apidae) workers. The effect of insecticides on bees has gained great attention, however, there are few studies that explore this issue on Neotropical bees. Bombus atratus is a neotropical species broadly distributed in Colombia and is considered an important pol-linator of both Andean ecosystems and agroecosystems. However, as for many wild bees species, the effect of insecticides on B. atratus is unknow. In this study we determined the acute median lethal dose (LD50) of commercial formulations of insecticides Imidacloprid, Spinosad and Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, widely used in Colombia to control several pests of important crops. The LD50 was carried out by oral and contact routes, following and modifying the EPPO and OECD guidelines to perform LD50 on A. mellifera. We evaluated five doses for each route and insecticide, in a total of 25 medium-size workers for each dose by duplicate. Mortality was registered at 24, 48 and 72 hours after the experiment; and data were analyzed with the Probit regression model. For Imidacloprid, contacts and oral LD50 were 0.048 µg/bee and 0.010 µg/bee, respectively. For Thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, topical and oral LD50 were 0.244 µg/bee and 0.056 µg/bee, respectively. For Spinosad, the oral LD50 corresponded to 0.28 µg/bee; it was not possible to establish the LD50 for the contact route. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Index of Relative Toxicity indicated that all three active ingredients are highly toxic. We discussed the risk of the insecticides use on B. atratus, considering their chemical nature. Rev. Biol. Trop. 64 (4): 1737-1745. Epub 2016 December 01.

Potencial Simbiotico y Efectividad De Hongos Micorrizo Arbusculares De Tres Suelos Sometidos a Diferentes Usos

Rev. Fac. Nal. Agr. Medellín

MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOTIC POTENTIAL AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THREE SOILS UNDER DIFFERENT USES An experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the mycorrizal symbiotic potential and mycorrizal effectiveness of three soils of Colombia exposed to different uses. Germinated seeds of Leucaena leucocephala were transplanted in a growth substrate consisting of a soil-quartz (1:1 ratio) mixture. The substrate was inoculated with a crude inoculum of Glomus aggregatum, a mycorrhizal fungus of known effectiveness. Mycorrhizal effectiveness was evaluated by monitoring P pinnule content of the leucaena seedlings at regular intervals of time during the growth period of 49 days. At harvest, shoot dry mass, shoot P content, and mycorrhizal colonization were determined. Plant growth and P uptake were significantly higher in plants growing in the substrate inoculated with G. aggregatum than those plants grown in either non-inoculated substrate or substrate inoculated with aliquots of tested soils. Mycorrhizal colonization was very high in the G. aggregtaum inoculated-substrate and virtually absent in the other treatments. Results suggest that in the tested soils there were a low mycorrhizal effectiveness and/or low content of mycorrizal infective propagules, which was confirmed by the most-probablenumber method and mycorrhizal spore counting.

Evaluación In Vitro de la Actividad Antifúngica del Marco (Ambrosia Arborescens Mill.) Y Matico (Aristeguietia Glutinosa Lam.) Sobre Hongos Patógenos Causantes de la Dermatomicosis (Ba 83)

V CONGRESO IBEROAMERICANO DE PRODUCTOS NATURALES CIPNAT 2016#N#XIII CONGRESO COLOMBIANO DE FITOQUÍMICA#N#VIII CONGRESO COLOMBIANO DE CROMATOGRAFÍA, 2017

Cinnamon is one of the most studied natural agents with antimicrobial powers in recent years whose main component is the cinnamic aldehyde that has antibacterial, antifungal activity and inhibits the production of mycotoxins. For this reason, this research uses Cinnamon essential oil (Cinnamomum zeynalicum) as a potential bioconservative against the microorganisms that cause castor mulberry rot. For this, Botritys sp was isolated, as the main microbiological factor causing the deterioration in arrears of Castilla, after which an in vitro procedure was carried out in Papa Dextrose Agar (PDA) culture medium in a completely randomized design, with different Concentrations of essential oil of cinnamon in which it was demonstrated that the treatments with greater antifungal activity were at concentrations of 250 and 500 ppm. Finally, the antifungal activity of the cinnamon essential oil in situ was evaluated on fresh fruit at different concentrations, time and temperature, through the analysis of color, texture, taste, smell, pH, acidity and count of fungi and yeasts. The in situ experiments showed that the essential oil of cinnamon at 500 ppm combined with the