In Vitro Antimycobacterial and Cytotoxic Data on Medicinal Plants Used to Treat Tuberculosis (original) (raw)
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Tropical Medicine and Health, 2022
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death globally, and the rise in drug-resistant forms of TB has become a significant threat. Subsequently, it is crucial to explore new, effective and safe anti-TB agents. This study aimed at conducting phytochemical screening, antimycobacterial activity, and acute toxicity of the selected plant species’ crude extracts to assess their toxicological potentials and efficacies against TB. Methods The aqueous and methanol/dichloromethane (DCM) (1:1) extracts of each selected plant species were subjected to phytochemical screening and antimycobacterial activity using microplate alamar blue assay. For acute toxicity, a single dose (2000 mg/kg) of the aqueous extracts was orally administered to each animal following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines No. 425 and then observed for 14 days. The animals were closely observed on the general behavior and clinical signs of toxicity, and body weig...
Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 2011
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a devastating disease worldwide in the 21 st Century and it is believed that one third of the World's populations are infected. 22 Countries are responsible for over 80% of the global TB burden, Nigeria is rank 4 th and have the highest burden in Africa. A number of anti tuberculosis drugs are ineffective against this disease due to the emergence of resistance strains. As part of the effort in developing a new anti tuberculosis agent, we decided to interact with traditional medicine practitioners of the Plateau region on their approach to the management of TB. A total of fourteen (14) plants representing nine families were identified as the most often used plants to manage TB symptoms in the region. The plants materials were extracted using 70% aq. methanol and the extracts obtained after concentration were screened against BCG. The results of the assay showed that 56% of the plants screened had MICs within the range of 800µg/ml to 2000µg/ml and as such had antimycobacterial activity. These plants are potential sources for herbal drugs for exhibiting these strong inhibitory properties and could also provide leads to tuberculosis drug development.
International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2021
Global Tuberculosis (TB) control is facing major challenges such as occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR). The current TB drugs are getting less effective and associated with side effects limiting their use, especially with MDR and XDR infected patients. In Mali, many medicinal plants are used against various diseases including bacterial infections. The study aimed at studying the antimycobacterial activities of 60 extracts from 22 Malian medicinal. The antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv was assessed employing micro-broth dilution method. Out of 60 extracts evaluated, eleven from nine different plants were found to be active against H37Rv strain. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranked from 125 μg/mL to 1250 μg/mL. The most active extracts (125 μg/mL) were represented by ethanolic extract of Saba senegalensis and Vitellaria paradoxa leaves, dichloromethane extract of Cola cordifolia leaves, ...
2013
th among TB burden shouldering countries in the world. Conventional chemotherapeutic control approach has faced serious, flourishing drug resistance strains. Traditional herbal remedies have endeavored to supplement or replace ineffective drugs. This study determined the antimycobacterial activity of selected Ethiopian medicinal plants traditionally used to treat TB. Leaf of Ocimum lamiifolum, Clausena antisata and Myrsine africana were collected, air dried and extracted with distilled water and absolute methanol (MeOH). The crude aqueous and MeOH crude extracts of the plants were tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain and M. bovis(SB 1176). Broth micro-dilution method (BMM) was used to determine the anti-mycobacterial activities and minimum inhibitory concentration of the plant extracts. MeOH and aqueous crude extracts of O. lamiifolum, C. antisata and M. africana have demonstrated promising activity against at least one species of two Mycobacterium species. Both Me...
Evaluation of some medicinal plants for anti-tuberculosis activity from Adamawa state, Nigeria
2017
K E Y W O R D S Evaluation of some medicinal plants for anti-tuberculosis activity from Adamawa state, Nigeria Mohammed Shagal Hassan1, , Dimas Kubmarawa1, Peters Oladosu2 and Sunday Akuewanbhor Osemeahon1 1Department of Chemistry, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, P.M.B. 2076, Yola. Adamawa State, Nigeria 2Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD) Idu. P.M.B. 21, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria Tuberculosis kills approximately two million people annually. This study aimed at evaluating some selected medicinal parts that are used traditionally in Adamawa State, to treat tuberculosis and related symptoms against a microorganism that causes respiratory ailments. In this investigation, for new anti-tuberculosis lead molecules, ten medicinal plants species were selected and investigated for antimycobacterial activities following report of their therapeutic use in traditional medicine to treat infectious diseases such...
Antimycobacterial and cytotoxic activity of selected medicinal plant extracts
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2016
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains an ongoing threat to human health. Several medicinal plants are used traditionally to treat tuberculosis in Ghana. The current study was designed to investigate the antimycobacterial activity and cytotoxicity of crude extracts from five selected medicinal plants. Material and methods: The microplate alamar blue assay (MABA) was used for antimycobacterial studies while the CellTiter 96 s AQ ueous Assay, which is composed of solutions of a novel tetrazolium compound [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt; MTS] and an electron coupling reagent (phenazine methosulfate) PMS, was used for cytotoxic studies. Correlation coefficients were used to compare the activity of crude extracts against nonpathogenic strains and the pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp.tuberculosis. Results: Results of the MIC determinations indicated that all the crude extracts were active on all the three tested mycobacterial strains. Minimum inhibitory concentration values as low as 156.3 mg/mL against M. tuberculosis; Strain H37Ra (ATCC s 25,177™) were recorded from the leaves of Solanum torvum Sw. (Solanaceae). Cytotoxicity of the extracts varied, and the leaves from S. torvum had the most promising selectivity index. Activity against M. tuberculosis; Strain H37Ra was the best predictor of activity against pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp.tuberculosis (correlation coefficient ¼0.8). Conclusion: The overall results of the present study provide supportive data on the use of some medicinal plants for tuberculosis treatment. The leaves of Solanum torvum are a potential source of anti-TB natural products and deserve further investigations to develop novel anti-TB agents against sensitive and drug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis.
Journal of …, 2011
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Several medicinal plants are traditionally used in Mozambique to treat tuberculosis and related symptoms. Aims of the study: It was aimed to assess the in vitro antimycobacterial activity of crude extracts from fifteen medicinal plants and to reveal main classes of compounds which may account for the activity of extracts. Methods and materials: The plant materials were sequentially extracted by n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and 70% ethanol. Decoction of each plant material was also prepared according to traditional use. Broth microdilution method was employed to screen extracts against two mycobacterial species: Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 607 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. The extracts with minimum inhibitory concentration(s) (MIC) below 125 g/mL were considered active and further tested against different mycobacterial species and strains, namely Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra, Mycobacterium bovis BCG ATCC 35734, Mycobacterium smegmatis mc 2 155, Mycobacterium avium DSM 44156 and DSM 44157. Cytotoxic effect was evaluated against human macrophages from the monocytic THP-1 cells. Main classes of compounds in these active extracts were proposed from their 1 H NMR spectroscopic characterizations. Results: n-Hexane extracts of Maerua edulis and Securidaca longepedunculata, ethyl acetate extract of Tabernaemontana elegans and dichloromethane extract of Zanthoxylum capense were found to possess considerable activity against Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra with MIC 15.6-62.5 g/mL. Tabernaemontana elegans ethyl acetate extract displayed strong activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MIC 15.6 g/mL). Except for Tabernaemontana elegans ethyl acetate extract which presented potent cytotoxic effects in THP-1 cells (IC 50 < 4 g/mL), the other three plant extracts showed moderate to none toxicity. Based on 1 H NMR spectroscopic analysis, major components in both Maerua edulis and Securidaca longepedunculata n-hexane extracts were linear chain unsaturated fatty acids. Zanthoxylum capense dichloromethane extract contained more complex constituents (mostly phenolic compounds). In the most potent extract, Tabernaemontana elegans ethyl acetate extract, the prominent compounds were identified as indole alkaloids. Conclusions: The pronounced antimycobacterial activity of the medicinal plants Maerua edulis, Securidaca longepedunculata, Zanthoxylum capense, and Tabernaemontana elegans suggested that they might provide compounds which could be potential anti-TB drug leads.
Inhibitory properties of selected South African medicinal plants against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2010
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is the most commonly notified disease and the fifth largest cause of mortality. One in 10 cases is resistant to treatment in some areas. Several plants are used locally to treat TB-related disease. Aims of the study: The aim was to screen selected South African medicinal plants used to treat TB and related symptoms by traditional healers for antimycobacterial activity. Materials and methods: Ethnobotanical information on these plants was obtained. Crude acetone, methanol, hexane and ethanol extracts of 21 selected medicinal plants obtained in Venda, South Africa were screened for their ability to inhibit MTB H 37 Ra and a clinical strain resistant to first-line drugs and one second-line drug using tetrazolium microplate assay to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2007 and One way ANOVA; p < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. Results: Few acetone extracts were active against MTB with MIC under 100 g/mL. Four plants showed lower MIC values; Berchemia discolor Klotzsch Hemsl 12, 5 g/mL on H 37 Ra and 10.5 g/mL on the clinical isolate, Bridelia micrantha Hochst. Baill (25 g/mL), Warbugia salutaris Bertol. F Chiov (25 g/mL), and Terminalia sericea Burch ex D. F (25 g/mL) on both H 37 Ra and clinical isolate. However, the roots of Ximenia caffra Sond. Var. caffra, barks of Sclerocarya birrea (A Rich) Hochst, Asclepias fruticosa L, tubers of Allium sativum L, leaves of Carica papaya L, Solanum panduriforme E. Mey C, and roots of Securidaca longepedunculata Fresen gave MIC greater than 100 g/mL. Conclusion: The acetone extracts of Berchemia discolor, Bridelia micrantha, Terminalia sericea and Warbugia salutaris could be important sources of mycobactericidal compounds against multidrug-resistant MTB.