Regenerating Human Mitochondrial Genome from a Programmed Microchip (original) (raw)
For the past many years, it has been observed that many terrorist activities are taking place around the globe. It has become a hideous task in making proper identification of ones identity. Tracking the person through Identification Card is not the liable answer of getting to the right person at the right time. In humans, mitochondrial DNA spans 16,569 DNA building blocks (base pairs), [1] representing a fraction of the total DNA in cells. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are thought to be of separate evolutionary origin, with the mtDNA being derived from the circular genomes of the bacteria that were engulfed by the early ancestors of today's eukaryotic cells. Each mitochondrion is estimated to contain 2-10 mtDNA copies [2]. Unlike nuclear DNA, which is inherited from both parents and in which genes are rearranged in the process of recombination, there is usually no change in mtDNA from parent to offspring. Although mtDNA also recombines, it does so with copies of itself within the same mitochondrion. Because of this and because the mutation rate of animal mtDNA is higher than that of nuclear DNA,[3] mtDNA is a powerful tool for tracking ancestry through females (matrilineage) and has been used in this role to track the ancestry of many species back hundreds of generations. Human mtDNA can also be used to help identify individuals. [4] Forensic tests that are carried out in laboratories occasionally use mtDNA comparison form the human remains, and especially to identify older unidentified skeletal remains. Although unlike nuclear DNA mtDNA is not specific to one individual, it can be used in combination with other evidence (anthropological evidence, circumstantial evidence, and the like) to establish identification. mtDNA is also used to exclude possible matches between missing persons and unidentified remains.[5] In this research project we have suggested and planned out a way through which countering terrorism would be made Regenerating Human Mitochondrial Genome from a Programmed Microchip 267 easy and definite. We have come up with a plan to save human mitochondrial genome in a programmable chip, on an experimental basis initially. This genome sequence on the chip would serve as pivotal part of one's identity in their ID cards.
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