World-Systems Theory (original) (raw)

World-systems theory critiques traditional political economy and geography through an epistemological lens, arguing for a historical science that transcends the nation-state as the primary unit of analysis. By combining concepts from dependency theory, Marxism, and the Annales School, it presents a framework for understanding global economic relations as a complex system that reflects the broader historical context. Recent developments in resistance to global capital, such as Venezuela's Bolivarian Revolution, highlight the practical implications of this theory in seeking regional integration and endogenous development.