Effect of intraperitoneal and intramuscular injection of killed aeromonas hydrophila on lymphocytes and serum proteins of common carp, cyprinus carpio (original) (raw)
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Research Article, 2022
The present study was conducted to investigate the biochemical changes in the gills and intestine of Labeo rohita treated with Aqua Fix and Aeromonas hydrophila. 3 groups (A, B, C) of experimental and 1 group (D) of control fish (6 months old) were selected for investigations. Two groups of fish (A, B) were treated with Aqua Fix for 4 days, fish of group B and C were infected with A. hydrophila @ 10-6 CFU/fish on day 5 (normal feed was given to fish of group C). Controls (group D) were untreated and uninfected. Tissue samples were collected on day 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 15 after infection from fish of group B and C, and also from groups A and D on the same designated days. Protein and DNA from gills and intestine were estimated following standard methods. Statistical analysis on gill protein and DNA, and muscle protein and DNA showed significant levels in immunomodulated fish (Group A) compared to that of immunomodulated + infected (Group B), infected (Group C) and control fish (Group D) indicating that the treated immunostimulant (Aqua Fix) might have modulated the immunity resulting in the increase of biomolecules It is also clear that aeromoniasis might influence the lysis of protein in gill and intestine leading to the low level of protein and DNA in gills and intestine of fish in groups B and C.
The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture Bamidgeh, 2007
The effects of two diets, SGP 493 (Aller Aqua, Denmark; SGP) and chironomid larvae (Katrinex, Poland; CHI), on juvenile carp survival and hematological values after subcutaneous infection with Aeromonas veronii bt. sobria (strain K144) were studied. All infected fish developed skin ulcers and both groups developed anemia, i.e., a severe reduction in hemoglobin content without a decrease in red blood cell count and a minor decrease in hematocrit. There were higher levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin, and mean cell hemoglobin in the CHI group at the beginning of the infection, together with a slightly higher erythropoietic potential. At the end of the experiment, partial recovery of hemoglobin levels took place. The SGP diet induced considerable leukocytosis in healthy fish, which did not enhance their resistance to the infection. Leukopenia, lymphopenia, and reduced phagocyte activity took place in all infected fish. Survival 15 days after injection was 50% in SGP and 63% in CHI, suggesting that fish fed natural food were slightly less susceptible to Aeromonas-induced anemia even though feeding natural food or SGP did not significantly affect the performance of infected fish.
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2007
The immune response to mixed whole cell antigens of Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda and Pseudomonas fluorescens, the common Gram negative bacterial pathogens associated with diseases of Indian major carps were evaluated for their efficacy in triggering antibody responses in rohu, Labeo rohita (Ham.). The rohu yearlings were either immunized with antigens from single bacterial strain, A. hydrophila, E. tarda and P. fluorescens or a combination of all three. An antibody response was detected at 1st week post immunization that rose significantly (p<0.05) at 4th week post immunization in all the immunized groups. The antibody level started declining after 8th week but persisted up to 10th week post immunization in all the immunized groups. Similarly, no significant difference (p>0.05) in the antibody level was found between groups immunized with single and mixed bacterial antigens. Moreover, the use of mixed bacterial antigens did not jeopardize the specific immune response to the vaccine components. Upon challenge with single pathogen, a high relative percent survival was recorded in the group immunized with mixed bacterial antigens and was comparable to those fish immunized with the single bacteria.
Journal of Aquaculture Engineering and Fisheries Research, 2015
The main clinical and pathomorphological changes in Aeromonas hydrophila infection in carp provoked by different field strains of this bacterium were studied. The strongest histopathological damages were seen in the functional epithelium of liver and kidneys, followed by intestine and hearth damages in addition to various haemorrhages in interstitial tissues of visceral organs and some skin haemorrhages on the ventral surface of the body and the anal region. As a whole, pathological damages consisted of degenerative changes as cloudy swelling, granular and/or hyaline droplet degeneration or vacuolation in functional epithelium in the respective internal organs in addition to some target vascular disturbances, which appeared to be good biomarkers for field assessment of that disease. Pathological damages in internal organs and haemorrhages were stronger in experimental fishes exposed to higher levels of the respective pathogens, especially those isolated from dead anaconda or the referent strain, and less pronounced damages were seen in fishes infected with of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from a silver carp with marked signs of septicaemia.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020
The study aim was to find the effect of different vaccination application methods on hematological parameters of catfish (Clarias sp). A 107 Aeromonas hydrophila measured by 625 nm wave length of Spectrophotometer was applied on 25 catfish with average weight 15.83 g. The application methods were dipping (1 ml/10 l water) and intramuscular injection (0.1 ml/fish). Hematological parameter measured were hematocrit levels, total leukocytes and phagocytic index. Measurement were conduct on day 0, 21, 23 and 27 after vaccine application. The results showed that hematocrit level on fish with injection method were higher (21.02%) than dipping method (15,05%), total leukocytes on fish with dipping method were higher (3,29 x 104 cells/mm3) than injection method (3,15 x 104 cells/mm3) and phagocytic index on fish with injection were higher (25%) than dipping method (23%). The survival of catfish were also observed, and showed that catfish with injection method have higher survival rate (36%) ...
Veterinary Research …, 2011
Specific and non-specific immune response to different doses of formalin killed whole cell vaccine of Aeromonas hydrophila to Indian major carp (Labeo rohita) was evaluated in laboratory condition. Three different doses (10 5 CFU/ml, 10 7 CFU/ml, 10 10 CFU/ml) were administered (0.2 ml/fish) intraperitoneally for 1 month. Among the three doses, 10 10 CFU/ml elicited the highest antibody and protective response followed by the doses 10 7 CFU/ml and 10 5 CFU/ml. Upon challenge with the virulent strain of A. hydrophila, the relative percentage of survival was recorded up to 80% at highest dose of 10 10 CFU/ml. The non-specific responses, similar to the specific immune responses were also maximum at highest dose of 10 10 CFU/ml. Similar to the specific immune responses, the non-specific responses were maximum at highest dose of 10 10 CFU/ml. Therefore, dose containing 10 10 CFU/ml of formalin killed cells was found to be the most effective dose for vaccination which increased the immunity in Indian major carp (Labeo rohita) to a larger extent.
Journal of Fish Diseases, 1978
A virulent, 2,3-butanediol positive culture of Aeromonas hydrophila, subspecies hydrophila, was fed or injected intraperitoneally into channel catfish. The positive infection and tissue involvement were monitored hy the 2,3-butanediol test with tissue liomogenate enriched with a buffered nutrient broth containing dextrose. The results revealed that the fish infected orally showed very little or no spleen involvement. Fish infected intraperitoneally, however, showed spleen involvement in a very short time, accompanied by the rapid onset of an acute systemic infection.
Pathophysiology of experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection in goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.)
Journal of Fish Diseases, 1986
Fish farming for sport or food has grown rapidly in the past 25 years. The incidence of disease outbreaks among pond-cultured fish has also increased (McDaniel 1975). Most baeteriaassociated fish deaths occur in late winter and spring in hatchery and wild fish populations. Decreased immunological resistance offish in these seasons is attributed to reduced winter feeding and subsequent low antibody levels (De Figueiredo & Plumb 1977). One of the common fish bacterial disease syndromes, motile Aeromonas septicaemia (MAS) is caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. An outbreak of MAS among wild or pond-raised fish is difficult to control despite corrective action by fish biologists. It appears that once the infection is established, rapid growth of the bacterium and elaboration of its toxic products may cause irreparable systemie damage which leads to death. The present study describes the pathophysiological ehanges associated with MAS infection of goldfish during the first 36 h following infection. Strain AM3 was obtained from D. H. Lewis, College Station, Texas, USA. This isolate (LD,o 5x10^ cfu) produeed 72% mortality in goldfish within 48 h (92% within 72 h) after intramuscular inoculation of 1-5x10^ efu. Comet goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.), 7-9 cm length, were obtained from commercial suppliers and were treated prophylaetically with Maracyn-Two and Marieide (Mardel Laboratories Inc., Villa Park, Illinois, USA) for 3 days. For experimental studies, strain AM3 was grown 18 h at 20°C in brain-heart infusion broth (Difco, Detroit, Michigan, USA); the cells were pelleted, washed once in saline and resuspended to 40% transmittance at 435 nm (3x 10^ cfu/ml; Spectronic20 spectrophotometer, Bausch and Lomb). Goldfish were injected intramuscularly (im) with 50 jul of the bacterial suspension (1-5x10^ efu) into the left caudal peduncle using a Hamilton syringe. Control goldfish received an inoculation of PBS. Histological, bioehemical and haematological studies were made with groups of 130, 60 and 50 infeeted goldfish, respectively. The details of each experiment are described. For evaluation of histologieal ehanges, 130 goldfish were injected at time zero with 50 //I oiihcA. hydrophila suspension and 60 goldfish were injected with 50 //I PBS. Three infected fish were killed by severing the dorsal aorta each hour for the first II h. Six infeeted and control fish were killed at 12, 24 and 36 h. Animals surviving beyond 36 h were killed at 72 h. Samples of the spleen, liver, heart, mid-kidney, duodenum and musele from the injection site were then removed and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin wax.
2020
This study aims to see the condition of hematocrit levels and differential leukosit after immersion in LAB isolated and after in vivo, using Aeromonas hydrophila bacterium. LAB isolated were obtained from the organs of the common carp intestine. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of four treatments and three replications. The treatment used was immersion of test fish for 24 hours in several isolates of LAB with a density of 10, namely A: without LAB isolate (control), B: isolate CcB7, C: isolate CcB8, D: isolate CcB15. Immersion was done three times, with a frequency of seven days. Parameters observed included hematocrit levels, leukocyte differentiation and survival rate. The results showed that immersion in LAB isolate CcB15 will enhance the differential leukocytes and hematocrit levels that serve as indicators of carp body resistance, which is shown by high levels of white and red blood cells.