In silico antiparasitic investigation of compounds derived from Andrographis paniculata on some parasites validated drug targets (original) (raw)
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2017
Andrographis paniculata is an annual herb distributed in tropical countries and it is widely used in traditional medicines. The present study was aimed to investigate the presence of phytochemical constituents, anthelmintic and insecticidal properties of leaf extracts of A. paniculata. The highest percentage of extractive of 24.6% was observed for ethyl acetate extract and lowest, 10.8% for hexane extract. The phytochemical constituents such as carbohydrates, alkaloids, coumarin glycoside, flavonoids, phytosterols, fats and oils and terpenoids were present in the different solvent extracts. The aqueous and methanol extract showed anthelmintic activity. Anthelmintic properties were tested in Indian earth worm, Pheretima posthuma. The methanol extract at 80 mg/ml concentration only took 3 minutes for paralysis and 5 minutes for death, the standard albendazole took 16 minutes for paralysis and 48 minutes for death. The aqueous extract took 73 minutes for paralysis and 79 minutes for de...
Diterpenoids as potential anti-malarial compounds from Andrographis paniculata
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Background The objectives of the current study are to evaluate the traditionally used medicinal plants Andrographis paniculata for in vitro anti-malarial activity against human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum and to further characterize the anti-malarial active extract of A. paniculata using spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. Results The chloroform extract of A. paniculata displayed anti-malarial activity with IC50 values 6.36 μg/ml against 3D7 strain and 5.24 μg/ml against K1 strains respectively with no evidence of significant cytotoxicity against mammalian cell line (CC50 > 100 μg/ml). LC-MS analysis of the extract led to the identification of 59 compounds based on their chromatographic and mass spectrometric features (a total of 35 compounds are present in positive ion and 24 compounds in negative ion mode). We have identified 5 flavonoids and 30 compounds as diterpenoids in positive ion mode, while in the negative mode all identified compounds were diterpenoi...
2011
The main objective of the investigation was to optimize a suitable extraction method and to isolate and characterize the compound obtained from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Nees (Acanthaceae). Preliminary phytochemical screening of the various extracts of the leaves revealed the presence of flavones and terpenoids in them. The active compound was isolated and identified by its melting point (227°C) and TLC analysis. Rf values of test sample was found to be 0.64 and that of standard was 0.65 in solvent system chloroform : methanol (7:1). The maximum absorbance (λmax) of the active compound was found to be 224 nm. From the FTIR graph the compound was found to possess an asymmetric -CH stretch of -CH3 at 2977.89, an asymmetric -CH at 2848.78, an asymmetric =CH2 stretch at 2927, a free OH group attached to the lactone ring demonstrating a peak at 3398.34, a C=C bond of the diterpene ring demonstrating a peak at 1456.16, a O-C=O group in the lactone ring at 1356.12, w...
eview A rticle PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA
2014
Andrographis paniculata Nees, a well-known plant of Indian and Chinese traditional system of medicines, commonly known as Kalmegh has drawn attention of researchers in recent times. Andrographolide, the principal bioactive phytoconstituent of the plant has shown credible anticancer, anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, antivenom, antidiabetic, antimalarial potentially in various investigations around the globe. This review contains brief discussion about active constituent and pharmacological activity of plant Andrographis paniculata.
Secondary Metabolites from Andrographis paniculata
CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN, 2007
Andrographis paniculata NEES (Acanthaceae) is one of the most important medicinal plants and having been widely used in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of gastric disorders, infectious diseases and common colds for many years. Pharmacological and clinical studies have demonstrated that A. paniculata possesses anti-inflammatory, antiallergenic, immuno-stimulatory, antiviral, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular activities, etc., and these studies have been well-reviewed. 1,2) Diterpenoids and flavonoids are the main chemical constituents of A. paniculata, and these compounds are believed to be responsible for the biological activities of the plant. 1,2) More than 20 diterpenoids and over 10 flavonoids have been reported from this species in the past three decades. 1,2) Recently, several studies have been conducted to investigate the cytotoxic or antitumor activities of A. paniculata and/or its chemical constituents, especially andrographolide, which has been revealed to inhibit in vitro proliferation of different tumor cell lines. [5] In the present study, a sample of A. paniculata was investigated and found to contain three novel secondary metabolites. Bioassay revealed that both andrographolide and isoandrographolide possess cytotoxicity to KB cell line.
Pharmaceutical biology, 2012
Infectious diseases are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide . During the past several years, there has been an increasing incidence of fungal infections due to an increase in immune-compromised population such as organ transplant recipients, cancer, and HIV/AIDS patients. Fungal infections though not as frequent as bacterial or viral infections, have nonetheless been increasing in incidence in the human population over the last 20 years. This fact coupled with the resistance to antibiotics and with the toxicity during prolonged treatment with several Abstract Context: Andrographis paniculata Nees. (Acanthaceae) is an annual herbaceous plant widely cultivated in southern Asia, China, and Europe. It is used in the treatment of skin infections in India, China, and Malaysia by folk medicine practitioners.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 2014
Andrographis paniculata Wall (family Acanthaceae) is one of the most popular medicinal plants used traditionally for the treatment of array of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, ulcer, leprosy, bronchitis, skin diseases, flatulence, colic, influenza, dysentery, dyspepsia and malaria for centuries in Asia, America and Africa continents. It possesses several photochemical constituents with unique and interesting biological properties. This review describes the past and present state of research on Andrographis paniculata with respect to the medicinal usage, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicity profile and therapeutic usage, in order to bridge the gap requiring future research opportunities. This review is based on literature study on scientific journals and books from library and electronic sources. Diterpenes, flavonoids, xanthones, noriridoides and other miscellaneous compounds have been isolated from the plant. Extract and pure compounds of the plant have been reported for their antimicrobial, cytotoxicity, anti-protozoan, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, immunostimulant, anti-diabetic, anti-infective, anti-angiogenic, hepato-renal protective, sex hormone/sexual function modulation, liver enzymes modulation insecticidal and toxicity activities. The results of numerous toxicity evaluations of extracts and metabolites isolated from this plant did not show any significant acute toxicity in experimental animals. Detailed and more comprehensive toxicity profile on mammalian tissues and organs is needed in future studies.
Pharmacological Properties of Andrographis Paniculata
2014
Andrographis paniculata Nees, a well-known plant of Indian and Chinese traditional system of medicines, commonly known as Kalmegh has drawn attention of researchers in recent times. Andrographolide, the principal bioactive phytoconstituent of the plant has shown credible anticancer, anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, antivenom, antidiabetic, antimalarial potentially in various investigations around the globe. This review contains brief discussion about active constituent and pharmacological activity of plant Andrographis paniculata.
In vivo Antimalarial Activity of Andrographis Paniculata Tablets
Procedia Chemistry, 2014
The formulation of three phytopharmaceutical products of Andrographispaniculata fractions (AP fraction A and B) containing diterpene lactones as an active substance were developed and their antimalarial activities against Plasmodium bergheihas been examined. In vivo antimalarial assay on P. berghei infected mice was carried out by oral administration,twice a dayfor four consecutive days of the AP fractions product, which were Tablet I : wet granulated formula of AP fraction A; Tablet II : wet granulated formula of AP fraction B; Tablet III : solid dispersion formula of AP fraction B.. The results revealed that three phytopharmaceutical products of A.paniculata were inhibited parasite's growth with inhibition range of 70.15% to 80.35%. There was no significant difference of antimalarial activities between Tablet II and III, meanwhile there was significant difference among Tablet I with Tablet II and Tablet III.It was concluded that antimalarial activity depending on raw material form of A. paniculata active substance.
ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF LEAVES EXTRACT OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA NEES
The present study is part of continuing programme related to the antihelminthic activity and phytochemical screening of Andrographis Paniculata Nees (Kalmegh) and their enhanced potential on helminthes.The antihelminthic activity of the aqueous extract of Andrographis Paniculata Nees leaves against the adult Indian earthworms Pheretima posthuma due to its anatomical and physiological resemblance with the intestinal roundworm parasites of human beings. Several plant species are administered orally to control the various diseases in our country. Some of these plants have been pharmacologically provided to be of some value and may be a popular remedy for the treatment of various ailments. The growth of knowledge to cure disease continues at an accelerating pace and number of new plant derived drugs increase likewise. Herbal medicine is currently experiencing a revival in Western society along with other complementary therapies such as traditional Chinese Medicines, Osteopathy and Homeopathy. In this context, the present study is the first milestone with particular emphasis on the application of Andrographis Paniculata Nees (kalmegh) the medicinal plant, their antihelminthic effect and phytochemical screening, for their better formulation and controlling the various diseases in future. The aqueous extract was found to be more potent and activities are compared with the drug Piperazine Citrate as reference drug.