Improvements to the Rating of Impairments from Injury (original) (raw)

Alan Colledge, MD, Medical Director, Utah Labor Commission. E-mail: farmboyac@aol.com Gregory Krohm, Executive Director, IAIABC. E-mail: gkrohm@iaiabc.org Even primitive workers’ compensation schemes had intuitive systems for cash awards for permanent injury, with amputation of extremities being the easiest cases to assess and assign specific benefits.1 Most modern workers’ compensation systems have complex rules for awarding cash payments for differing degrees and types of loss of bodily function after healing from a work injury. Such systems specify benefits for certain classes of injury, after the worker attains “maximum medical improvement,” based upon a measurement of the “permanent” harm that was done by the injury. A persistent problem in this system has been the lack of a consistent and reliable metric – almost always measured by a physician – of the nature and extent of the loss of use of a body part or bodily system.

Comparing severity of impairment for different permanent upper extremity musculoskeletal injuries

Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 2002

The labor market impact of upper extremity musculoskeletal injuries that result in permanent disability was estimated using data from the State of California. Administrative data on disability evaluations and resulting ratings was matched to data on the earnings of over 7000 injured workers. Using these data, labor market experience pre- and postinjury was tracked. Each injured worker was matched to a set of control workers who worked at the same firm, had the same tenure at the firm, and earned the same income at the time of injury. By comparing the injured and uninjured workers, lost earnings and the impact of injury on return to work was estimated. Evidence of considerable lost earnings resulting from injury was found. The results are compared to "disability ratings" that are used to set compensation under California's workers' compensation program. The disability rating was also found to predict poorly differences across upper extremity injuries in losses. In p...

Current methods of estimating severity for occupational injuries and illnesses: Data from the 1986 Michigan comprehensive compensable injury and illness database

American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 1993

National and state estimates of the severity of occupational injuries and illnesses (wverity = lost wort time = missed work days + rcuricled work days) have come from the annual Survey of Occupational Injuries and lllncsws (Survcyl produced by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. However. we show that che Survey practice of collecting injuq information soon after the accident year reduces s u b t i a l l y the accuracy of missed work day atimarcs. which constitute 85.3% of the Survep lost work time estimate. To develop an independent estimate of missed work days. the research team created the Michisan Comprehensive Compensablc Occupational lnjury Database (Michigan Database) by linking state files with injury c h m e r i n i c s to files with workers' compensation information for injuries occurring in 1986. The measure of missed work time (days. weeks. or years) is the cumulative duration of compensation from the '-date disability commcnced." noted on the first paymcnc form. through follow-up to ,March 1. 1990. Cumulative missed work time has bccn calculated or estimated for 72.057 injured workers. morc than 97% of the 73.609 Michigan workers with compensable occupational injuries in 1986 identified through the c l o x of she study. Our-best" estimate of missed work days. to follow-up. attributable to both fatal and nonfatal compensable occupational injuries and illnesses is 7.518.784. a figurc four timcs !hat reponed for Michigan by the Survey. Whcn insurance industry data on disbursements are also considered. the estimate of missed work days increases to 8.919.079. a figure 4.75 times thar reported by the S u m y. Whcn insurance data on reserves for future payments arc also considered. thccnimate of missed work days increases to 16.103.398. a figure 8.58-fold greater than that obtained for Michigan in the Sun~cy. The Michigan data suggest that the national Survey may have failed to identify almost 373 million of 421 million missed work days in the private s t o r that have resulted. or will result. from 1986 occupational injuries.The present federaVstate system for estimating occupational injury severity by measuring lost work days seriously underestimates the magnitude of the problem. The currcnt policy of obtaining incidence Dcpanmcnts of Environmcnul and Indusaial Heal& (A.O.. J.V.G.

Identifying cumulative trauma disorders of the upper extremity in workers' compensation databases

American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 2003

Background Impeding the use of workers' compensation databases for surveillance of cumulative trauma disorder of the upper extremity (CTDUE) is the lack of valid and reliable extraction strategies. Methods Using the Z795-96 Coding of Work Injury or Disease Information standard, an algorithm was developed to classify claims as definite, possible, or non-CTDUE. Reliability was assessed with standardized claim reviews. Results Moderate to substantial agreement (Kappa ¼ 0.48, 95% CI 0.42-0.54, n ¼ 328; weighted Kappa ¼ 0.75, 95% CI 0.70-0.80, n ¼ 328) was demonstrated. The algorithm produced relatively homogeneous groups of definite and non-CTDUE claims but 29.1% of the possible CTDUE claims were categorized as definite CTDUE by claim review. Part of body agreement was almost perfect (Kappa ¼ 0.81-1.00) when determining whether the upper extremity or specific parts of the upper extremity were involved. Conclusions The algorithm can be used to estimate the number of CTDUE and extract homogeneous groups of definite and non-CTDUE claims. Furthermore, certain upper extremity part of body codes can be used to target anatomically defined claims.

Is disability underreported following work injury?

2002

Existing national data may underreport the full burden of occupational injuries and illnesses. This study sought to provide more complete reporting and to assess disability that persisted following return to work. Workers (n = 205) with a musculoskeletal injury resulting in 5 or more days of lost time or restricted duty were recruited from three employers. Data on work status and functional limitations were derived from multiple sources including administrative records, medical records, and patient interviews at baseline and 6 months. Results indicate that many workers reported continuing difficulties functioning at work following return to full duty. Measures of health-related quality of life improved over 6 months, but bodily pain and physical functioning scores remained lower than expected based on national averages. Sixteen percent of workers were reinjured within a year following initial injury. Following return to work, many workers experienced reinjury or reported persistent limitations in function 6 months following injury. Based on study findings the conclusion is drawn that OSHA logs may provide accurate measures of initial episodes of time loss from work but may underrepresent the full magnitude of lost time following work injury.

Loading...

Loading Preview

Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.