Toxoplasma Gondii Infection in Caprine and Ovine in the Desert Areas of Tharparkar: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors (original) (raw)
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2018
Toxoplasma gondii is a globally distributed protozoan parasite. This study was performed to find out the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Cows and Goats in District Charsadda. A total of 288 samples 139 from Cows and 149 from Goats were xi collected and examined by latex agglutination test. Out of 139 cow 77(55.39%) were detected seropositive for Toxoplasmosis and out of 149 Goats 62(41.61%) were found seropositive. In Cow, a high seroprevalence rate of (80.00%) was obtained in age group of above 03 to 4 years while in Goats; the highest seroprevalence rate of (57.14%) was detected in age groupTwo to three year. In Cow the seroprevalence rate was higher in female (61.95% as compared to male (42.55%) In Goats the seroprevalence rate was higher in female (47.31%) as compared to male (32.14%). The present study shows that the prevalence in Cow and Goats is higher in District Charsadda, which is a risk factor for human infection. Therefore, proper control measure should be taken t...
Jundishapur J Microbiol, 2014
Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite, which is assumed to have cosmopolitan distribution. Objectives: Adopting a cross-sectional study design the current research aimed to determine the occurrence of the parasite in cattle, camels and sheep in Isfahan and Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary provinces of Iran. Materials and Methods: Animals in the field and those brought for slaughter at abattoirs were included. Blood samples were randomly collected from animals and investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Toxoplasma gondii infections were detected in 0.00%, 6.60% and 17.9% of the sample cattle (n = 155), camels (n = 122) and sheep (n = 95) respectively. Sheep were more frequently affected in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary (33.33%) compared to Isfahan (8.47%) (P = 0.005, 95%; CI = 6.88-43.35). No statistically significant difference was observed in infection prevalence between camels and sheep; and between the different sex categories in both camels and sheep. Conclusions: Evidence of T. gondii occurrence in sheep and camels was provided in the provinces under study. There is a need to investigate the potential risk factors of zoonotic infections Furthermore, animal health and production losses caused by the parasite; and associated zoonotic implications in the area under study need to be explored.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Sheep, Cattle and Horses in Urmia North-West of Iran
2011
Background Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic protozoan parasite found worldwide and responsible for major economic losses in most classes of livestock. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection in sheep, cattle and horses in Urmia, north-west of Iran, using MAT. Methods Blood samples of 276 livestock and 26 horses were collected from July 2009 till April 2010. The data were analyzed by the Chi-square, Fisher's Exact and Cochran's and Mantel-Haenszel Tests. The level of significance was set at P<0.05. Results Thirty-three (21.1%) sheep, 2 (1.6%) cattle and 3 (11.5%) horses were seropositive to T. gondii. Analysis showed that sheep were 15 times more likely to be seropositive comparing to cattle also 2 times more likely to be seropositive than horses. Conclusion This study showed seroprevalence of equine T. gondii infection with a considerable rate in sheep in Urmia, northwest of Iran. More comprehensive studies on livestock toxoplasmosis are req...
Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in Hamedan, Iran: a sero-epidemiological study
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine, 2014
Toxoplasma gondii is an important zoonotic parasite with global distribution. This parasite is responsible for major economic losses in livestock; also it is a public health problem owing its transmission to humans. The main aim of current investigation was to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii in domestic animals (cattle, sheep, horses, donkeys and dogs) from Hamedan province, western Iran. From 2010 up 2012, blood samples were collected randomly in animals in this region. The Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) and Modified Agglutination Test (MAT) assays was used for serum evaluation in ruminants (cattle and sheep) and other animals (hroses, donkeys and dogs), respectively. Antibodies to T. gondii were found 2.3% (32/1406) in cattle, 9.7% (68/700) in sheep, 13.3% (16/120) in horses, 47% (47/100) in donkeys and 10.7% (29/270) in dogs. This study is the first report of T. gondii infection in donkeys from Iran. There is Toxoplasma infection in cattle, sheep, horses, donkeys and dogs in Hamedan province, Iran. Therefore, it is necessary to take integrated strategies for prevent and control of infection in animals, which could help to reduce humans infection in this region.
Serological Survey on Toxoplasma gondii in Dairy Cows from the Sudan using ELISA
2014
Toxoplasmosis is an important cause of reproductive failure in man and farm animals resulting in significant socioeconomic losses worldwide. The aim of this work was to assess the sero-prevalence of T. gondii infection in dairy cows using the commercially available Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The study revealed that, the overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection at herd level of the investigated dairy herds was 89.3% (117/131). The within herd seroprevalence was ranging from 12% up to 100% with mean of 56.3% in different herds of different dairy farms. The differences in the seroprevalence rate among the three districts and the seven localities examined were statistically significant (p<0.05). The overall sero-prevalence of T. gondii infection in dairy cows at individual level was 49.9% (371/744). Omdurman District scored the highest seroprevalence rate (53.7%) followed by Khartoum North (51.9%), with statistically significant differences (p<0.05). This is the first area-wide and large scale report on seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in dairy cows from the Sudan using ELISA. It was concluded that dairy cows in the Sudan are widely exposed to T. gondii and the possible role of this parasite in the economical losses in dairy farm industry in the country should be taken in mind. Moreover, a possible role of dairy cattle in the epidemiology of human toxoplasmosis in the Sudan may not be excluded. Research on clinical toxoplasmosis in dairy cows is recommended for building strategy for sustainable control of human and animal toxoplasmosis.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in ruminants in selected districts in Bangladesh
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, 2018
To estimate the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and risk factors for seropositivity in sheep, goats and cattle in Dhaka, Mymensingh, Sirajganj and Chittagong districts in Bangladesh, 1104 sera samples (552 sheep, 300 goats and 252 cattle) were randomly selected and tested by an indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). The overall seroprevalence was 12.2% (135/1104), and was significantly (P = 0.008) higher in goats (16.0%) than cattle (8.3%). The odds of seropositivity was 2.09 times (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23-3.67) higher in goats than cattle. In sheep, herd type, district and pregnancy status were significant risk factors. The odds of seropositivity was 2.1 (95% CI: 1.00-4.84), 7.29 (95% CI: 12.71-423.41) and 10.88 (95% CI: 5.42-23.41 times higher in sheep-only flocks, in Mymensingh district and in pregnant sheep than in mixed flocks, Chittagong district and non-pregnant sheep, respectively. In cattle, breeds and district were significant risk factors. The odds of seropositivity was 5.79 (95% CI: 1.13-24.62) and 4.29 (95% CI: 1.38-16.34) times higher in Holstein Friesian cross cattle and in Mymensingh district than in indigenous cattle and Chittagong district, respectively. This study indicates that exposure of sheep, goats and cattle to oocysts of T. gondii is widespread, suggesting that the consumption of raw and undercooked meat of these animals might be a source of human toxoplasmosis. Risk factor information can be used to design control programs to reduce exposure.
Detection of Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii from Iranian Native Cattle
iicbe, 2014
Infections by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii are widely prevalent worldwide in animals and humans. T. gondii is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, one of the most prevalent parasitic infections to humans and domestic animals. The disease occurs throughout the world and also in Iran. The present study aimed to determine of T. gondii isolates from native cattle in south west Iran by molecular methods. In this study, 155 blood samples were collected and genomic DNA was extracted using DNA extraction Kit (Cinna Gen, Iran) according to the manufacturer protocol and PCR was performed using specific primers (ITS-F and ITS-R). Sixteen (6.95%) cattle were positive to T. gondii infection. The positive control samples showed the excepted amplification product specific for T. gondii (171 bp).The results present showed low prevalence of T.gondii infection in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari native cattle. In our opinion control and eradication programs for prevent of prevalence this infection factor and also economic losses are necessary.
2014
Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most important foodborne pathogens. Toxoplasmosis causes abortion and neonatal loss in livestock and imposes significant losses to farming industry. Prevalence of T. gondii in sheep and goats was investigated in three adjacent geographical areas within Gilan province in north of Iran. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 247 sheep and 155 goats in three counties; Roudsar with humid subtropical climate and average annual precipitation (AAP) of 1400 mm, Masal with sub-humid climate and AAP of 700 mm, and Roudbar with cold semi-arid steppe climate and AAP of 400 mm. The samples were tested for Toxoplasma antibodies by using Sabin- Feldman Dye Test. Results: The overall prevalence in sheep was significantly higher than goats (P<0.001). Moreover, the prevalence in sheep was greatly increased with AAP (P<0.001); the prevalence in sheep was 62.2% in Roudsar, 39.3% in Masal and 15% in Roudbar. Conclusion: Sheep is the most common sou...