Neural Basis of Brain Dysfunction Produced by Early Sleep Problems (original) (raw)
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Reward-Related Brain Function and Sleep in Pre/Early Pubertal and Mid/Late Pubertal Adolescents
Journal of Adolescent Health, 2009
Purpose-The onset of adolescence is a time of dramatic changes, including changes in sleep, and a time of new health concerns related to increases in risk-taking, sensation-seeking, depression, substance use, and accidents. As part of a larger study examining puberty-specific changes in adolescents' reward-related brain function, the current paper focuses on the relationship between functional neuroimaging measures of reward and measures of sleep. Methods-58 healthy participants age 11-13 completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan using a guessing task with monetary rewards and four-days of at home actigraphy and selfreported sleep ratings. Sleep variables included actigraph measures of mean weekend minutes asleep, sleep onset time, and sleep offset time, as well as self-reported sleep quality. Results-During reward anticipation, less activation in the caudate (part of the ventral striatum) was associated with fewer minutes asleep, later sleep onset time, and lower sleep quality. During reward outcome, less caudate activation was associated with later sleep onset time, earlier sleep offset time, and lower sleep quality. Conclusions-It has been hypothesized that adolescents' low reactivity in reward-related brain areas could lead to compensatory increases in reward-driven behavior. This study's findings suggest that sleep could contribute to such behavior. Because decreased sleep has been associated with risky behavior and negative mood, these findings raise concerns about a negative spiral whereby the effects of puberty and sleep deprivation may have synergistic effects on reward processing, contributing to adolescent behavioral and emotional health problems.
Biological Psychology, 2012
Sleep timing shifts later during adolescence, thus conflicting with early school start times. This can lead to irregular weekday-weekend schedules and circadian misalignment, which have been linked to depression and substance abuse, consistent with disruptions in the processing of rewards. We tested associations between weekend-weekday shifts in sleep timing and the neural response to monetary reward in healthy adolescents, using actigraphy and a functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm. Region-of-interest analyses focused on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and striatum, both of which are implicated in reward function. Analyses adjusted for pubertal stage, sex, and total sleep time. Greater weekend-weekday advances in midsleep were associated with decreased mPFC and striatal reactivity to reward, which could reflect reduced regulatory response and reward sensitivity. We speculate that circadian misalignment associated with weekend shifts in sleep timing may contribute to reward-related problems such as depression and substance abuse.
The Effects of Poor Quality Sleep on Brain Function and Risk Taking in Adolescence
Abstract Insufficient and poor quality sleep are pervasive during adolescence and relate to impairments in cognitive control and increased risk taking. However, the neurobiology underlying the association between sleep and adolescent behavior remain elusive. In the current study, we examine how poor sleep quality relates to cognitive control and reward related brain function during risk taking.
Sleep and the adolescent brain
Current Opinion in Physiology, 2020
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Long-lasting effects of insufficient sleep on neurocognitive development in early adolescence
2022
ImportanceAdolescents nowadays often get insufficient sleep. Yet, the long-term adverse effects of sleep loss on developing brain and behavior remains unknown.ObjectiveTo determine whether insufficient sleep leads to long-lasting impacts on mental health, cognition, and brain development in adolescents across two years.DesignThis longitudinal study utilized a public dataset, the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which is an ongoing study starting from 2016.SettingData were collected from 21 research sites in the U.S.Participants11,875 9-10-year-olds were recruited using stratified sampling in order to reflect the diversity of the U.S. population.InterventionIndividuals with sufficient versus insufficient sleep (< 9 hours per day for adolescents) were compared after controlling for age (months), sex, race, puberty status, and other 7 covariates based on propensity score matching.Main Outcomes and MeasuresBehavior problems, cognition, mental health assessments, r...
REVIEW Changes in Sleep as a Function of Adolescent Development
Adolescence is marked by dramatic changes in sleep. Older adolescents go to bed later, have an increased preference for evening activities, and sleep less than younger adolescents. This behavior change is driven by external factors, notably increased pressures from academic, social, and extracurricular activities and by biological circadian factors. There are also substantial changes in sleep architecture across adolescence, with dramatic declines in slow wave sleep, and slow wave activity (delta,~0.5-4.5 Hz). These changes are associated with underlying changes in brain structure and organization, with a decrease in synaptic density likely underlying the reduction in high amplitude slow waveforms. While changes in sleep across adolescence are a normal part of development, many adolescents are getting insufficient sleep and are consequently, less likely to perform well at school, more likely to develop moodrelated disturbances, be obese, and are at greater risk for traffic accidents, alcohol and drug abuse.
Developmental Brain Research, 1983
Key words: active sleep deprivation -clomipramine -clonidine -pendulum technique -infant rats -brain development In order to test the hypothesis that active sleep (AS) is important for the normal development of the central nervous system, 3 different deprivation methods were applied to male Wistar rat pups during the first month of life. Daily injection ofclomipramine from 8 to 21 days of age reduced the high level of AS to less than the adult value throughout most of the experimental period. Administration of clonidine from 8 to 21 days of life induced an almost total suppression of AS. Instrumental deprivation, using the 'pendulum' method, led to a significant (but less severe) AS reduction during 2-4 weeks of postnatal age.
Sleep and Early Cortical Development
Current Sleep Medicine Reports, 2015
Sleep is increasingly recognized as a key process in neurodevelopment. Animal data show that sleep is essential for the maturation of fundamental brain functions, and growing epidemiological findings indicate that children with early sleep disturbance suffer from later cognitive, attentional, and psychosocial problems. Still, major gaps exist in understanding processes underlying links between sleep and neurodevelopment. One challenge is to translate findings from animal research to humans. In this review, we describe parallels and differences in sleep and development of the cortex in humans and animals and discuss emerging questions.
Chronically Restricted or Disrupted Sleep as a Causal Factor in the Development of Depression
Sleep problems are a common complaint in the majority of people suffering from depression. While sleep complaints were traditionally seen as a symptom of mood disorders, accumulating evidence suggests that in many cases the relationship may be reverse as well. A long list of longitudinal studies shows that sleep complaints often precede the onset of depression and constitute an independent risk factor for the development of the disorder. Additionally, experimental studies in animals show that chronically restricted or disrupted sleep may gradually induce neurobiological changes that are very similar to what has been reported for depressed patients. The mechanisms through which insufficient sleep increases the risk for depression are poorly understood but may include effects of sleep disturbance on neuroendocrine stress systems, serotonergic neurotransmission, and various interacting signaling pathways involved in the regulation of neuronal plasticity and neurogenesis. Because sleep is considered to play a crucial role in regulating neuronal plasticity and synaptic strength, chronically insufficient sleep may contribute to depression through an impairment of these plasticity processes leading to altered connectivity and communication within and between brain regions involved in the regulation of mood.
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 2022
Adolescent mental health problems have a proportion of up to 16% of the total burden of disease for people aged 10-19 years in the world. Various studies suggest that lack of sleep in adolescents can affect poor academic performance and the emergence of mental health problems such as depression. This article is intended to review the relationship between lack of sleep in adolescents with poor academic performance and the emergence of mental issues from a neuroscience perspective. We conducted a literature review regarding sleep deprivation and physiological phenomena that occur in the adolescent brain, which is then associated with mental health problems and decreased academic performance. At the end, we propose several solutions that can be used as policy guidelines to improve adolescent academic performance and maintain adolescent mental health.