Introduction to Serbian nationalism in the first half of 19th century (original) (raw)
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The main aim of the study is to present various interpretations of the controversial treatise by Vuk S. Karadžič “Kovčežič za istoriju, jezik i običaje Srba sva tri zakona” (Treasure Box for the History, Language and Customs of Serbians of All Three Faiths) and also to demonstrate the cultural, linguistic and social conditions of its origin. An important factor of the analysis is the problem of national historiographies, more specifically of the Serbian and Croatian historiographies. This document is considered possessing defensive or hegemonistic and aggressive, or even Great-Serbian attitude. One of the main motifs of the treatise is the question why Vuk Karadžič created the postulate about shtokavian definition as marker for the Serbian nationality. There are four interpretation variants at our disposal. The first possibility is that Vuk Karadžič consciously increased the number of Serbs to the detriment of Croats and Bosnian Muslims or Slav Muslims in the Ottoman Empire. We may also consider the fact that Vuk Karadžič to some extent adopted the ideas of prominent European Slavists (Kopitar, Šafárik, Dobrovský and others). The ethnic diversity within the Military Border of Habsburg Empire could also have influenced him. His document could also have been a sort of defense against the growing Croatian nationalism and efforts to acquire the cultural legacy of Dubrovnik on the part of the Croatians. Moreover at the same time an equivalent process was taking place with the Serbs in the region of Dalmatia. Other prominent works of Vuk Karadžić (Pjesme junačke novijih vremena o vojevanju za slobodu, Narodne srpske pjesme, Mala prostonarodna slaveno-serbska pesnarica, Narodne srpske pripovjetke, etc.) shall be also analysed to build the complex knowledge and understanding of his role in creation of so-called Serbian nationalism.
CHIVALROUS CULTURE (VII) no. 7, 2018
In the year that marks the 100th anniversary of the accession of Vojvodina to Serbia, besides the occasion fot the celebra- tion of the anniversary, it is necessary to make a brief review with the question „What has it brought us and what has been away taken over the past 100 years?“. The first part of the paper will bi devoted to defi- ning basic concepts such as: identity, nation, national identity, in order to understand the significance of these. Tehn, in second part of the paper, we will present the methods used in order to break the Serbian national identity in time continuity from 1918. This way we come to the third part where, with special reference to the AP Vojvodina, a series of examples will highlight the present state of national identity as well as the possible threat of the same struggle for a new identity of Vojvodina province. We are witnessing the methods used both by in- ternal and external factors in order to completely devastate the Serbian national code, regarding this it is necessary to point out that the traces of Serbian stability are being eroded, falsifying history in favor of synthetic ideas, identity and nations, censuring the truth about the cri- mes committed against Serbs, Serbian language and Cyrillic script are destroyed, Serbian culture, tradition and customs, Serbian Orthodox Church, as a cohesion factor of Serbian people, the territory of the state is fragmented, the national conscious intellectual elite is marginalized and media criminally imprisoned, the guilt which, as a heavy burden, nonexistent „I“, all in favor of fictitious identities, and at the expense of the Serbian one.
Dragan Popović Serbian Nationalism and Reforms in Yugoslavia 1980-
History in Flux, 2024
The paper examines the mutual relationship between reform efforts in Yugoslavia from 1980 to 1990 and the ideology of Serbian nationalism, which progressed in a kind of "march through institutions" during those years. Yugoslavia was a "country of constant reforms," and this was especially evident during its last decade. In the conditions of turbulent changes in the world, Yugoslavia also faced numerous attempts or at least proposals to reform the system or its parts. Serbian nationalism used the crisis to impose its own solutions on the citizens, but it also had to reckon with the reform proposals. Nationalism was able to use some of the reforms, for example, proposals for strengthening the central government and for more efficient functioning of federal bodies. Other proposals, primarily on the democratization of relations in the country, were natural enemies of the ideology of nationalism. In both cases, promoters of the new ideology had to reckon with reforms, with actors who advocated or opposed them, and with structures that acted accordingly. Together, this made the social environment even more dynamic and contributed to an intense ideological struggle, the result of which ultimately affected the fate of the country.
Sustainable Multilingualism, 2013
this research paper sets out to present linguistic aspect of ideological framework in making both serbian national identity and national state building program created in the first half of 19 th century by two different serbian writers (Vuk stefanović-karadžić and ilija garašanin). in the following decades this "linguistic" framework of national identity became one of the cornerstones of serbian national ideology and foreign policy. the question of national identity and creation of national state occupied the first place of agenda in the mind of the leading serbian intellectuals and politicians in the first half of 19 th century. imbued by ideas of german Romanticism and French Revolution, serbian patriotic public actors set up a goal to create an ideologicalpolitical framework for serbian national liberation under foreign occupation-Roman Catholic Habsburg Monarchy and islamic Ottoman Empire. the present work investigates the linguistic model of national identification of the south slavs designed by Vuk stefanović karadžić in 1836 and the programme for the restructuring of the political map of the balkan Peninsula drafted by ilija garašanin in 1844. this work is an attempt to reconstruct the understanding of karadžić and garašanin of those components of group counsciousness which could affect the sense of belonging to the same community. there are three goals of this research paper: to investigate how language influenced serbian national ideologies in the first half of the 19th century; to discuss how Vuk stefanović karadžić, the most influential serbian 19th century philologist, and ilija garašanin, the most important serbian 19th century politician, answer the fundamental question of serbian nationalism from the perspective of the 19th century Romanticism: who are the serbs and what are the borders of the united serbian national state?; and to define the formation of structure of serbian linguistic nationalism in the first half of the 19th century. two research methods were applied were: the method of the text analysis of the prime historical sources and the method of comparison of different interpretations and undestandings of the works by V. s. karadžić and i. garašanin. the main research results are that V. s. karadžić's understanding of the language in the conception of serbian linguistic nationalism was primarily of ethnic nature and that i. garašanin drafted a project of the united serbian national state by implementing a linguistic model of serb national identification developed by V. s. karadžić.
this research paper sets out to present linguistic aspect of ideological framework in making both serbian national identity and national state building program created in the first half of 19 th century by two different serbian writers (Vuk stefanović-karadžić and ilija garašanin). in the following decades this "linguistic" framework of national identity became one of the cornerstones of serbian national ideology and foreign policy. the question of national identity and creation of national state occupied the first place of agenda in the mind of the leading serbian intellectuals and politicians in the first half of 19 th century. imbued by ideas of german Romanticism and French Revolution, serbian patriotic public actors set up a goal to create an ideologicalpolitical framework for serbian national liberation under foreign occupation -Roman Catholic Habsburg Monarchy and islamic Ottoman Empire. the present work investigates the linguistic model of national identification of the south slavs designed by Vuk stefanović karadžić in 1836 and the programme for the restructuring of the political map of the balkan Peninsula drafted by ilija garašanin in 1844. this work is an attempt to reconstruct the understanding of karadžić and garašanin of those components of group counsciousness which could affect the sense of belonging to the same community. there are three goals of this research paper: to investigate how language influenced serbian national ideologies in the first half of the 19th century; to discuss how Vuk stefanović karadžić, the most influential serbian 19th century philologist, and ilija garašanin, the most important serbian 19th century politician, answer the fundamental question of serbian nationalism from the perspective of the 19th century Romanticism: who are the serbs and what are the borders of the united serbian national state?; and to define the formation of structure of serbian linguistic nationalism in the first half of the 19th century. two research methods were applied were: the method of the text analysis of the prime historical sources and the method of comparison of different interpretations and undestandings of the works by V. s. karadžić and i. garašanin. the main research results are that V. s. karadžić's understanding of the language in the conception of serbian linguistic nationalism was primarily of ethnic nature and that i. garašanin drafted a project of the united serbian national state by implementing a linguistic model of serb national identification developed by V. s. karadžić. 1
The aim of this study is to make research on the main streams of historical development of national ideologies and claims of the peoples from the territory of ex-Yugoslavia from the time of national revivals up to the present day. The main research strategy is analyzing historical sources from the " first-hand " category, documentary material from different national archives, ideological works and newspapers of different ethnopolitical background. It is also applied the methods of comparison of different domestic and international scientific research results on the study-topic of our inverstigation. The results of research show that for the Yugoslav and Balkan nations territorial and national rights were always of much greater importance than the human or civic rights. This historical fact became a milestone for development of national ideologies among the Yugoslavs, which put on pedestal of " national policy " the aim to transform ethnographical borders into the national-state borders. The period of bloody dissolution of the SFR of Yugoslavia followed by the inter-ethnopolitical conflicts in Kosovo and the FYR of Macedonia (1991–2001) is typical example of such " national policy " overwhelmingly rooted in the idea of " inevitability " of ethnic cleansing, persecution, assimilation and the inter-ethnic exchange of the peoples. The study research has to be further continued by inverstigation of the prime historical sources, i.e. archival material, in several Balkan and international archives and libraries (for instance, in Albania and Vatican). Historical retrospective of development of the national ideologies and territorial claims is necessary for the reason to understand practical politics of the Yugoslavs after the end of the Cold War when the Balkans once again became the " powder-keg " of Europe in order to predict a future development of the local nationalism and regional political affairs for the matter of both regional and Europe's security. The case-study is based on 20 years of multi-sided comprehensive research and non-partisan scientific investigation.
THE RISING NATIONALISM IN THE TIME OF SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC
The aim of this paper would be to analyze the rise to power of the Yugoslavian politician Slobodan Milosevic, with and emphasis on the applied nationalistic and populistic politics and their effect on his career. Often seen as a notorious politician, the one responsible for the destruction of Yugoslavia, Milosevic used his charisma and emotional appeal and succeeded to rise to power in the 1980’s. The time frame analyzed in this paper is the period from the early 80’s up to Milosevic’s death in 2006 with an emphasis on the period 1980-1990 and including the Gazimestan speech given on 28th of June, 1989. The suggested time-frame is of importance since that time period can be seen as crucial from the aspect of developing nationalistic politics by Milosevic.