Antimicrobial secondary metabolites obtained from endophytic fungi inhabiting healthy leaf tissues of Houttuynia cordata Thunb., an ethnomedicinal plant of Northeast India (original) (raw)
Related papers
The Internet Journal of Microbiology, 2008
Fungal endophytes have been studied from three ethno medicinal plants of Similipal Biosphere Reserve. All the plants were found colonized with endophytic fungi. The endophytes were isolated using three different mycological media namely potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar (MEA) and water agar (WA). Maximum endophytes were isolated in PDA and minimum on WA medium. Altogether 60 fungal endophytes belonging to 14 genera were isolated from the three medicinal plants. Out of which, 31 endophytes (51.66%) were obtained as filamentous forms and 29 of them (48.33%) as yeast colonies. Species of Curvularia, Fusarium, Alternaria and Penicillium were isolated as dominant and host specific endophytes. Out of the 31 fungal endophytes isolated as filamentous forms, 13 isolates (41.9%) could display antimicrobial activity inhibiting at least one of the test pathogens. Among the potent strains, 19.3% displayed both antibacterial and antifungal activity and 6.4% strain showed antimicrobial activity against all the test pathogens. An endophytic fungus identified as Fusarium sp. displayed significant antimicrobial activity. The crude extract of this endophytic strain was very effective against the bacterial pathogens and moderately active against the fungal pathogens. The study reinforced the assumption that endophytes of ethno medicinal plants could be a promising source of antimicrobial substances.
Antimicrobial Activities of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Three Ethno-Medicinal Plants of Assam
Journal of Bio Innovation
Endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy leaf tissues of three ethno-medicinal plants of Assam, namely, Houttuynia cordata, Eryngium foetidum and Zanthoxylum oxyphyllum which are widely used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. Endophytic fungi were isolated from the surface sterilized leaves of the three plants cultivated using three different types of solid agar media. A total of 214 endophytic fungal isolates were isolated from all of the three plants belonging to 12 different genera. Maximum number of endophytic fungal isolates was recovered from E. foetidum (84), followed by Z oxyphyllum and minimum was recovered from H. cordata (56). The most dominant fungal genus was found to be that of Colletotrichum with 107 isolates, followed morphotypes of by Mycelia Sterilia (69) and recovered from all of the three plants studied. Antimicrobial activity assay of the crude secondary metabolites extracted from the endophytic fungal isolates was performed using agar cup diffusion method. It revealed that 10 of the fungal species showed significant activity against all the test pathogens in varying degrees. Among all the isolates, endophytic fungi Colletotrichum coccodes and C. siamense showed maximum significant antimicrobial activity followed by other potent isolates like C. gleosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Curvularia sp., Penicillium sp., Scopulariopsis sp. and Cladosporium fulvum. The study thus indicated that the ethno-medicinal plants of Assam are colonized by a diverse range of endophytic fungi with prominent antimicrobial activity. Future investigation in this field would aid in the development of novel pharmaceutical agents.
2013
To study endophytic fungi associated with two plant species used as ethno-medicines by aboriginal tribes of Similipal Biosphere Reserve and evaluation for their antimicrobial potentials against some clinically significant human pathogens. A total of 458 endophytic isolates were obtained from leaf, stem and fruit tissues of Solanum rubrum and Morinda pubescence. The dominant endophytic fungi belong to genera Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Curvularia and Mycelia sterilia. Maximum endophytic isolates were obtained from leaves segments followed by stem and fruit tissues. In both the plants class hypomycetes were dominant over other fungal classes. Shannon-Weiner and Simpson indexes showed rich diversity of endophytic fungi suggesting even and uniform occurrence of various species. The endophytic isolates showed varying degree of antimicrobial activity against 9 human pathogens. In S. rubrum 20% and 10% of the isolates inhibited all the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and 35% of the isolates displayed antifungal activity against all the test fungal pathogens. One of the isolate showed considerable antimicrobial activity against all the test pathogens. Endophytic isolates of M. pubescence showed 24% antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and 28% antifungal activity against all the test fungal pathogens. The study revealed that medicinal plants associated endophytes could be a rich source of antimicrobial agents.
Engineering in Life Sciences, 2006
Due to widespread bacterial resistance to commercial antibiotics, the search for capable substances to combating these microorganisms became a priority. In this context, the endophytic fungi gained prominence as potential producers of bioactive substances with pharmacological interest. It is considering that endophytes are still poorly studied, especially in tropical species. The antibacterial and antifungal potential of endophytic fungi associated with the medicinal plant Casearia sylvestris were isolated and evaluated. A total of 162 strains were obtained, among these strains, 34 were selected for antimicrobial assays, after molecular sorting with oligonucleotide (GTG)5. A total of 25 isolates showed some antifungal and / or antibacterial activity against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and yeasts Candida albicans and Candida tropicallis. The results show the endophytic fungi present in C. sylvestris have a high potential to produce bioactive compounds inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms.
Antimicrobial activity in cultures of endophytic fungi isolated in some medicinal plant species
International journal of scientific research in science, engineering and technology, 2015
Fungal endophytes have been studied from five medicinal plants of Caesalpinia sappan, Alternanthera sessil, Sapindus laurifolius, Basala alba and Acalypha indica All the plants were found with endophytic fungi. The endophytes were isolated using three different mycological media namely potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar (MEA) and water agar (WA). Maximum endophytes were isolated in PDA and minimum on WA medium. Altogether 12 fungal endophytes belonging to differentn genera were isolated from the three medicinal plants. Out of which, all endophytes were obtained as filamentous forms and some of them colonies. Species Colletotrichum spp, Aspergillus spp, Bispora spp., Geotrichum spp., Trichoderma spp. Cladosporium spp. Aspergillus spp. Gliocladium spp., Trichoderma spp. Fusarium spp. Trichosporoniodes spp Trichoderma spp of antimicrobial activity inhibiting at least one of the test pathogens. Among the potent strains, 19.3% displayed antibacterial showed antimicrobial activ...
2021
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of endophytic fungi isolated from leaves and stems of Suaeda maritima and Suaeda monoica. Many endophytes were isolated by using potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. All the endophytic isolates were identified by using standard taxonomic keys and monographs. From a total of 16 isolates, nine potent strains were taken for further study. The fungal culture was extracted with ethyl acetate and used as a crude extract for checking antimicrobial activities by well diffusion method. The crude extract showed different inhibitory activity against all pathogens, the zones of inhibition obtained was between 2 and 12 mm. SM-EF 3 crude extract showed high zone of inhibition of 11.6±0.57 mm against Salmonella typhi, 8.3±1.52 mm against Trichophyton rubrum, respectively. The present findings concludes that SM-EF 3, SM-EF 7 and SM-EF 9 showed comparatively higher antimicrobial activity against all the human pathogens. From the present work, it is possible to conclude that these microorganisms could be promising source of bioactive compounds and warrant further study.
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2018
Objective: The main purpose of the present study was to isolate the endophytic fungi from Tridax procumbens L. and evaluate their antibacterial activity at different concentration of compatible solvents extracted metabolites against the test pathogenic bacterial strain, as well as the molecular characterization of potent endophytic fungal isolate that showed the maximum antibacterial activity. Methods: The endophytic fungi were isolated from the different parts of the collected T. procumbens plant. Screening of endophytic fungi for the antibacterial activity was scrutinized against five pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella typhimurium using agar well diffusion method. After screening, the metabolite of the potent fungal isolate was extracted using different solvents by solvent-solvent extraction procedure and observed their antibacterial activity. For molecular identification of the fungi, the DNA was extracted, quantified, and amplified using two oligonucleotide primers ITS4 and ITS6 in polymerase chain reaction. Results: In the present study, five endophytic fungi were isolated from medicinal plant T. procumbens and screened for their antibacterial activity against E. coli (22.60±0.32 mm), S. typhimurium (19.26±0.23 mm), S. pyogenes (16.36±0.18 mm), K. pneumoniae (14.26±0.54 mm), and B. subtilis (14.43±0.27 mm) bacterial strain. The endophytic fungal strain A. japonicus isolated from T. procumbens was showed the significant antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacteria. The morphological identification of all the isolated endophytic fungi was observed on the basis of their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, and the molecular identification of the potent fungal strain was observed through 18s rRNA sequence analysis. Using solvent-solvent extraction technique, different solvent residues of the potent fungal metabolite were extracted in benzene, n-,butanol and toluene. The n-butanol solvent extract exhibited a maximum zone of inhibition against the test bacterial strains. Conclusion: The present study reveals that the endophytic fungi serve as a potential source for the production of effective bioactive compounds.
Microbial Diversity and Biotechnology in Food Security, 2014
Endophytic fungi are hidden diversity mines of microbes that reside in the healthy and symptomless interior of plant tissues without causing any harmful effects. This chapter focuses on fungal endophytic diversity of eight medicinal plants of Uttar Pradesh, India with their biopotential ability. Total of 4,002 (38.38 % CF) endophytic isolates were recovered from 10,425 segments representing 131 endophytic fungal species belonging to different fungal classes. Out of 4,002 isolates, hyphomycetes were more pronounced with 71.43 % recovery followed by coelomycetes 16.61 %, ascomycetes 6.59 %, mycelia sterilia or unidentified 5.32 % and least from zygomycetes 0.020 %. Among total endophytic fungal species isolated, Cladosporium cladosporioides (3.39 % CF) was found to be the most dominated taxa followed by Alternaria alternata (2.35 % CF), Curvularia lunata (2.13 % CF), Aspergillus niger (1.95 % CF), Chaetomium globosum (1.85 % CF), Nigrospora oryzae (1.57 % CF) and Phoma glomerata (1.09 % CF). From a total of 131 endophytic species, 101 were tested for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Out of 47 active species, 29.78 % displayed antibacterial activity, 27.65 % showed antifungal activity, 38.29 % exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activity both while only 4.25 % displayed antimalarial as well as antioxidant activity. Twenty-one endophytic fungal species were tested for extracellular production of amylase, xylanase and phosphate solubilization where 76.19 % found to produce amylase, 23.80 % for xylanase and 14.28 % exhibited phosphate-solubilization activity.
International Journal of Botany Studies , 2020
The aim of the present study was to screen for antimicrobial activity in endophytic fungi isolated from surface sterilized leaves of some medicinal plants viz., Anisomeles malabarica, Cardiospermum halicacabum, Aristolochia indica, Acacia mangium. Totally 14 isolates were isolated from these plants. Preliminary analysis of fermentation broth of these isolates was tested for antimicrobial activity by agar diffusion method. Seven isolates displayed antimicrobial activity against at least one pathogenic bacterium. From these, one isolate from each plant was selected based on their morphotypes for further analysis. The isolates were identified using morphological/moleulcar methods (ITS) as Alternaria alternata, Alternaria sp., Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Phyllosticta citricarpa. The crude ethyl acetate extract of A. alternata showed strongest antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial pathogens. These results indicate that A. alternata as a potential source of antimicrobial agent.
Endophytic fungi and their metabolites isolated from Indian medicinal plant
Phytochemistry Reviews, 2012
Endophytic fungi has been creating a considerable interest and curiosity among researchers since past three decades globally, owing to their recognition as an inexhaustible source of structurally and biologically novel compounds, alternative source of metabolites functionally identical to plant produced metabolites and their ability to impart resistance in host plants against various biotic and abiotic stresses. In this review, we have earnestly attempted to compile a vast array of endophytic fungi assemblages harbored inside Indian medicinal plants which have been reported during last decade from India.