Lifespan and age, but not residual reproductive value or condition, are related to behaviour in wild field crickets (original) (raw)

Behaviour differs among species, among populations of the same species and among individuals within the same population (Wilson, 1998). This among-individual variation in behaviour, aka "animal personality" (Dall, Houston, & McNamara, 2004), has received extensive theoretical and empirical interest in the last two decades, with a range of suggested evolutionary and ecological consequences (Wolf & Weissing, 2012). Among-individual differences, which are contingent on limited individual flexibility, are widespread (Bell, Hankison, & Laskowski, 2009) and linked to fitness (Smith & Blumstein, 2008). As selection is expected to purge less-fit phenotypes, there must be evolutionary