Studies on ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) induced mutations for enhancing variability of gladiolus varieties (Gladiolus hybridus Hort) in M 1 V 2 generation (original) (raw)
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Varietal evaluation and genetic variability studies on gladiolus
An experiment was conducted with 26 gladiolus cultivars at Research Farm of Directorate of Floricultural Research, New Delhi. The minimum days required for sprouting was recorded in cultivar Peter Pears (3.40 days), whereas earliest spike initiation (86.33 days) and first floret opening (100.33 days) were observed in cultivar Hunting Song. Maximum plant height (115.87 cm) and spike length (101.20 cm) were found in cultivar Amsterdam, whereas maximum rachis length (73.39 cm) was recorded in Snow Princess. Maximum number of florets per spike (18.60) and bigger florets size (97.72 mm) were recorded in Snow Princess and Priscilla, respectively. The cultivar Yellow Stone was found with maximum number of corms per plant (2.68), whereas highest average corm weight (71.60 g) and corm size (64.87 mm) were recorded in Forta Rosa, and highest cormels weight (17.50 g) in Argentina. Higher values of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were recorded for cormel weight, i.e. 104.36 and 67.26 and number of cormels per plant, i.e. 99.82 and 71.58, respectively. Maximum heritability was recorded for days to first floret opening (87.23%) followed by rachis length (82.07%) and days to spike initiation (78.26%). Highest values for genetic advance were recorded for plant height (26.35) and spike length (23.36). However, low genetic advance was observed for days to sprouting (0.04) followed by number of corms (0.32) and number of leaves per plant (0.59).
Genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and Correlation coefficient in Gladiolus hybridus
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2019
Gladiolus, a majestic bulbous ornamental crop grown throughout the world, belongs to family Iridaceae. With changing lifestyle and urban culture importance of ornamental flowers increasing day by day. In this regard gladiolus gained much importance. An experiment was carried out with ten gladiolus varieties in randomizes block design, with three replications at the Dept. of Hort, B.A.U. Ranchi during the period Dec2009-May2014, to estimate genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic advance as % of mean for 11 contributing characters. The PCV were higher than GCV for all the characters taken into consideration. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were highest for the spike length (34.16 and 34.18 respectively) followed by number of floret per spike (33.02 and 33.25 respectively) and lowest for size of corm (14.11 and 16.16 respectively) indicated the presence of sufficient genetic variability for selection in these traits. Days taken for the spike emergence was positively and highly significant with the days taken for bud initiation, days taken for 1st floret to show colour, days taken for 1 st floret to open, no. of floret open at a time, diameter of the floret and spike length. Days taken for spike emergence was however, negatively and significantly correlated with no. of floret per spike, no. of shoot per plant and vase life. Genetic advance ranged from 0.91 to 50.76 highest for spike length and lowest for size of corm. Expected genetic advance expressed as percent of mean ranged from 25.31 and70.33%. High heritability and high genetic advance in spike length (1.00 and 70.33). The selection on the basis of spike length, number of floret per spike and vase life will be more effective for further breeding programme.
Journal of Krishi Vigyan, 2021
The experiment on 12 genotypes of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) was conducted to work out the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic divergence effects of their various attributes on spike yield. The analysis of variance revealed that mean squares due to treatments were highly significant for all characters. The magnitude of phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation for all the characters. Expected genetic advance expressed as per cent of mean ranged between 4.90 to 38.63per cent. The highest of genetic advance was recorded for number of cormels per plant (38.63%) and lowest for number of spikes per plant and number of spikes per hectare (4.90%).High genetic advance coupled with high heritability was recorded for the characters of number of cormels per plant, number of sprouts per corm, number of leaves per plant, vase life (days), plant height (cm), days taken for complete sprouting, number of spikes per plant, length of spike (cm), number of spikes per ha (lac), duration of flowering (days) and corms yield per ha (q) provide greater scope for further improvement of these traits in advance generations. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient variations were highest for number of cormels per plant (26.95 and 22.48) and lowest for duration of flowering (days) (11.01 and 9.99). Heritability and genetic advance indicate that the additive nature of gene action and reliability of those characters for selection and emerged as ideal traits for improvement through selection.
Forty cultivars/varieties of gladiolus were evaluated to ascertain genetic parameters of variability during the year Etawah. The analysis of variance reveals that genotypic mean squares were highly significant for all the characters studied, indicating existence of sufficient heritable variation among the genotypes. The highest and lowest phenotypic and genotypic variance were observed for spike length and weight of cormels/plant, respectively for the year 2007-08 but in case of 2008-09 and pooled it was found for number of cormels/plant and weight of cormels/plant, respectively. Maximum PCV and GCV were found for number of cormels per plant while days to last floret opening and days to senescence of last floret showed minimum coefficient of variation for the year 2007-08, 2008-09 and pooled. The heritability estimate of varied from 62.10% (days to 1 st floret opening) to 99.50% (rachis length), 50.90% (diameter of daughter corm) to 99.60% (no. of cormels/plant and weight of daughter corm) and 49.90% (days to 1 st floret opening) to 99.40% (no. of cormels/plant and weight of daughter corm) for the year 2007-08, 2008-09 and pooled, respectively. Genetic advance as percent of mean was recorded for weight of daughter corm, number of partially opened florets/spike, spike length, rachis length, number of shoots/corm, number of daughter corms/plant, durability of spike, plant height, diameter of daughter corm, number of corms/plant, number of leaves/shoot, number of opened florets/spike, number of florets/spike and leaf area. High heritability along with high genetic advance observed for rachis length followed by durability of spike, number of cormels/plant and weight of daughter corm. Thus, apparently contribution of additive gene effects in the expression of these traits was indicated and improvement in these characters through direct selection to select better cultivars of gladiolus can easily be done. High heritability with low genetic advance indicated the contribution of non-additive gene effects.
19.Evaluation of genetic variabiliy of Gladiolus genotypes.pdf
The Bioscan, 11(3):1829-1832., 2016
Assessment of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advances of 20 gladiolus genotypes were evaluated. The presence of high amount of variability was observed for number of cormels per plant and weight of corms in the 20 gladiolus genotypes. The heritability of different field characters was categorized as very high which ranged between 31.84% (Leaf length) to 94.44% (Weight of corms). The traits like rachis length, number of spikes per plant, weight of spike, number of florets per spike, number of corms per plant, number of cormels per plant, weight of corm, yield of corms kg per hectare and yield of corms tons per hectare exhibited high heritability (>75%) coupled with high genetic advance over per cent mean (>30%) which indicated the prevalence of additive gene action in expression of these traits and there by further improvement of these traits could be made by selection. It was concluded that highly significant varietal differences indicated the presence of high amount of variability.
Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of quantitative traits in gladiolus
International Journal of Farm Sciences, 2015
The present experiment was conducted in the farm area of the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during 2011-2012 to assess the variability, heritability and genetic advance of 12 gladiolus genotypes for fifteen characters planted at five different planting times from 10 October to 10 December at fortnightly interval. The coefficient of variation (%) for various traits ranged from 5.73 (floret size) to 60.21 (number of cormels). Phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) for all the traits under study ranged from 7.72 to 81.61 per cent and 5.17 to 55.09 per cent respectively. PCV was higher than the respective GCV for all the traits under study indicating high degree of environmental influence. The heritability of different traits varied from 29.10 (duration of flowering) to 86.91 per cent (size of corms). The high heritability coupled with high genetic advance (percentage of mean) for cor...
Induction of variability in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) by chemical mutagens
Ecology, Environment and Conservation
The present study was conducted to see the effect of chemical mutagens on vegetative growth, flowering, corm and cormels attributes of gladiolus var. Rani Sahiba. Chemical dosages of DES and EMS ranging from 0.1 % to 0.5 % were used. Lower doses of DES viz., 0.2 % proved better as compared to EMS and control in terms of minimum days required for spike initiation and first floret opening with maximum spike length, rachis length, floret diameter, number of spikes per plant and weight of cormels per plant. Moreover, one mutant was isolated and selected on the basis of colour with desirable characteristics from this treatment. Significantly higher number of leaves, number of florets per spike and vase life was recorded in plants received treatment of 0.3 % EMS. Maximum plant height was found better in 0.1 % DES while, maximum number of cormels per plant was recorded in 0.4 % DES.