Activity and Variety of Soil Microorganisms Depending on the Diversity of the Soil Tillage System (original) (raw)
Related papers
Investigation in to the Effect of Soil Tillage on the Microbial Activities in the Soil
Microbial activity in soil can be used to measure the microbial community in soil. Carbon biomass, respiration, N mineralization, nitrification, and enzyme assays can indicate the activity for microorganisms in soil. EL-FAME can be used for profiling the microorganism in soil. Tillage and crop rotation have direct effect on the microbial community in soil. The object of this experiment is to investigate the effect of soil tillage in the microbial activities.
Soil microbiological activity depending on tillage system and crop rotation
2016
Soil management practices include various tillage systems that influence plant growth and activity of microorganisms. Minimum tillage without soil inversion is increasingly being used because the conventional soil tillage with soil inversion is a more energy-consuming operation and affects the biodiversity of agroecosystems. The present study was aimed to estimate the effect of conventional and minimum tillage systems on soil microbiological activity. The trials were established in the experimental fields of the Latvia University of Agriculture. The intensity of soil respiration and the ratio of microbial biomass between minimum tillage and conventional tillage were calculated from 2011 to 2013, and cellulose degradation intensity-from 2012 to 2014. The conventionally tilled plots were ploughed to the depth of 23 cm, but minimum tillage was done at the depth of 10-12 cm without soil inversion. Soil samples were collected at two depths: 0-10 cm, and 11-20 cm. The crops were cultivate...
2018
Cultivation of crops on sloping agricultural lands can cause occurring of water erosion and the related to it degradation process-loss of organic matter. The negative consequences of their development are deterioration of the physical, agrochemical and biological properties of the soil. To prevent degradation processes, a number of agro-technical measures, methods and technologies are applied. The activity and the composition of soil microflora are sensitive indicators of soil processes. The present study explores the impact of conventional and soil-protecting technologies on soil microbial activity.
Review on the Role of Soil Microorganisms on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Plant Growth
Journal of Natural Sciences Research , 2023
The review summarizes the literature on the role of soil microorganisms on soil physico-chemical properties and plant growth. Most of investigators confirmed that Soil microbial activity is very important to improve soil health for Healthy crop growth because microorganisms play an important role in building a complex link between plants and soil. Soil microbes are a dynamic component of soil and performed many beneficial functions in the soil system. Microbes help in different biological transformation such as organic matter conversion and biological nitrogen fixation. Moreover, they enhanced the availability of nutrients to the plants. Typically, one gram of soil having more than 90 million bacteria help plants in nutrient uptake by conversion of unavailable nutrients into available form. Due to lack of knowledge regarding their importance, people think about the negative impact of microorganisms because in many cases microbes act as disease-causing agents. However, according to the agricultural point of view microbes are very well beneficial for plant growth. Now a day's biotic stress is a big challenge for agrarian because dramatic increase in the human population is causing land degradation and reduces the microbial population which ultimately negatively affect the plant growth. Therefore, the present review describes the role of soil microbes in agricultural crop production.
Variation of Soil Microbial Population in Different Soil Horizons
Large diversity of micro flora and fauna are found in soil horizons. Microbial population in soil are determined by various factor such as soil depth, organic matter, porosity, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration, soil PH, etc. Factors that influence microorganism role in nutrient building and cycling in soil and organic matter decomposition are of unique interest. Microorganisms decompose organic matter, detoxifying the toxic substance, fixing the nitrogen, transformation of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and other secondary & micro nutrients are the major biochemical activities performed by microbes in soil. Low population of microorganism is found in the compact soil, soil with low organic matter percentage and on deeper strata of soil. So, this paper was reviewed to explore major factors that influence soil microbial population and its role in soil productivity. This was already established fact but main aim of this paper is to collect related information and conclude the future research prospects to strengthen the microorganism role in soil productivity and factor that influence growth of microorganism.
ASSESSING CHANGES IN SOIL MICROBIAL POPULATION WITH SOME SOIL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Soil is a dynamic system in which continues interaction takes place between soil minerals, organic matter and living organisms that influences the soil physico-chemical and biological properties. In present investigation soil microbial community (bacteria and fungi) and soil chemical properties and their relation with soil texture has been addressed. Soil samples with a range of texture were collected from nine sites. Soil chemical characteristics (e.g., pH, organic matter (OM), total soil nitrogen (TN) that might influence microbial population were quantified for each site. The finding demonstrate that bacterial population was significantly affected by particle size, yielding higher bacterial population in finer soil texture, furthermore bacterial population strongly correlated with clay concentration (r = 0.90), pH(r =-0.85), OM (r=0.80), SOC (r = 0.79), TN (r= 0.81) and C:N ratio (r=-0.92). Fungal propagules did not show any significant differences in any soil texture with respect to sites. Soil texture significantly (p<0.05) affected pH, organic matter, organic carbon, water contents, total nitrogen and C:N ratio; and they were strongly correlated with clay concentration. Increasing bacterial population in finer soil likely due to protective microhabitat, the increased rate of organic matter and total nitrogen in finer texture, suggesting that the vicinity between microbes, organic matter, and clay is required for the survival and activity of microbes, in which organic matter and clay particles provide microhabitat, substrates and nutrients.
Ekológia (Bratislava)
Land use changes are local phenomena with global impact. They have an impact in a cumulative sense on biodiversity or soil degradation. This study aimed to examine the effects of different land-uses (arable land, permanent grasslands, abandoned grasslands, forest land) on the selected biotic and abiotic soil parameters in the Slovak mountain study sites Liptovská Teplička and Tajov. Biotic (microbial community structure, earthworm number and fresh body biomass, arthropod number and fresh body biomass), and abiotic chemical soil parameters (pH, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, nutrients) were measured. According to MALDI-TOF (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight), several bacterial strains were identified. Mutual relations between soil microorganisms and soil biotic and abiotic properties determined by different land uses were analysed. Microbial response expressed as average well-colour development (AWCD) values indicated relations between higher microbial...
Effect of Soil Tillage Practices on Dynamic of Bacterial Communities in Soil
Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus (Poljoprivredna Znanstvena Smotra), 2015
Several studies have indicated that intensive tillage has notable eff ect on properties of the soil microbiota that may infl uence numerous important soils functions, e.g. mobilization of nutrients or change of the overall emission rates of greenhouse gases. Th erefore, the aim of our study was to investigate dynamic of microbial communities in soil planted with soybean under diff erent tillage systems. Moreover, abundance of populations harboring the nitrous-oxide reductase gene (nosZ) as an indicator for potential shift s in N 2 O emission rates was studied. Th e study was established at chernozem soil of Northern Baranja region in Republic of Croatia as completely randomized block design of four replicate plots for each tillage system in three years experiment. Th e soil was managed as followed: CT-conventional tillage (moldboard ploughing at 25-30 cm depth), DH-multiple discs harrowing (10-15 cm depth), and NT-no-tillage system. Soil samples were collected in summer and autumn in year 2003. Our results suggested that the reduction of tillage had no eff ects on the bacterial community structure. Th is might be a result of the very dry climatic conditions at the investigated site and /or a result of plant species eff ect (soybean). Slight eff ects of the tillage management became visible at least when samples were taken in autumn for microbes harboring the N 2 O reductase gene, indicating that there might be shift s in denitrifi cation pattern in response to changes in tillage practice.
Effects of tillage practices on soil microbiome and agricultural parameters
Science of The Total Environment, 2019
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Time-course of soil microbial communities in different tillage and crop rotation systems
Chilean journal of agricultural research, 2020
The soil microbial communities involved in the biogeochemical cycles of plant nutrients are negatively affected by unfavorable agricultural practices. In three tillage systems (traditional tillage, TT; traditional tillage with residue incorporation, TTI; and conservation tillage, CT) with three crop rotations (cereal-cereal, CC ; legume-cereal, L-C; and cereal-legume, C-L) at three soil depths (0-5, 5-15, and 15-30 cm), the effects on the populations of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi over a period of six crop cycles (3 yr) were evaluated. The tillage system, crop rotation, and depth affected the concentration of microbes in the soil. Under TT/C-C (regional control), they decreased by 7.5%; in contrast, under CT/L-C and TTI/L-C, they increased by 144% and 76%, respectively. Regardless of the tillage system, rotation with legumes, especially when the legume was cultivated in the spring-summer cycle (C-L), caused significant increases in microbial populations. At the end of 3 yr, under CT and TTI the populations of actinomycetes increased, while the fungal population remained stable and the bacterial populations fluctuated in the different crop cycles. In all treatments, the concentration of microorganisms decreased with soil depth. Local practices represent a risk to the diversity of soil microbiota, and it is imperative that farmers adopt conservation practices to achieve sustainability.