Research on Trifolium Pratense L. Fertility in Relation with the Crop System (original) (raw)
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Seed yield and yield components of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) genotypes
2011
The objective of this study was to evaluate seed yield and yield components (stem number per plant, inflorescence number per stem, inflorescence number per plant, flower number per inflorescence, seed number per inflorescence and seed fertility) in individual plants of ten genotypes of red clover grown at low plant density (70 x 40 cm) in order to single out genotypes that have a higher seed yield potential. Significant differences among genotypes were determined for flower number per inflorescence, seed number per inflorescence, flower fertility and seed yield. The results obtained suggest that certain genotypes may be used for further selection work.
Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 2013
The main objectives of this study were 1) to estimate variation in yield, forage quality and morphological traits of newly developed red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) breeding populations of different origin, 2) to compare their yield potential with foreign cultivars, 3) to determine the relationship between studied traits and 4) to identify and select the most promising populations for future breeding work. Eight red clover breeding populations of different origin (OPCD-2, RCOP-1,3,4,5,6,7,8 created within the framework of the forage crops breeding program at the Agricultural Institute Osijek, Croatia) and eight foreign cultivars ('Liepsna', 'Kamaniai', 'Nosovskij 5', 'Pallas', 'Astred', 'Redquin', 'Milvus', 'Amos') were evaluated for thirteen morpho-agronomic and forage quality traits. Field experiment was designed as a randomised complete block with three replications over two consecutive years (2008 and 2009) at the Agricultural Institute Osijek, Croatia. The studied breeding populations/cultivars of red clover significantly varied in yields of green mass and dry matter, plant height, number of internodes, density of hairs, width and length of central leaflet, shape of medial leaflet, leaf to stem ratio, content of crude protein and relative feed value. Croatian breeding populations RCOP-3, OPCD-2 and RCOP-1 had significantly higher total yields of green mass (from 98.50 to 111.82 t ha-1) and dry matter (from 22.61 to 25.64 t ha-1) compared to the observed yields of other populations and foreign cultivars of red clover, which indicates their high genetic potential for yield. Besides the high forage yield, those breeding populations achieved favourable values of quality and other analyzed morphological traits, and they are representing valuable germplasm for further selection work and improving of our breeding program and/or application for plant cultivar registration. Positive correlations were found between forage yields and plant height, number of internodes and between width and length of central leaflet, and these properties were positively correlated with each other. Most quality traits were in negative correlation with yield and other observed morpho-agronomic traits.
Seed Yield of Norwegian and Swedish Tetraploid Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) Populations
Crop Science, 2016
R ed clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a perennial forage legume grown mostly in mixtures with grasses such as timothy (Phleum pratense L.), meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). The importance of red clover as a forage is due to its high protein content (Taylor and Quesenberry, 1996). Red clover increases the amount of crude protein and the amount of calcium in mixtures with grasses (Lunnan, 2000). There is a higher intake by farm animals of red clover compared to forage grasses, resulting in higher production of meat and milk (Randby, 1991; Peyraud et al., 2009). The ability of red clover to f ix nitrogen makes it particularly attractive in organic forage production. Red clover does not tolerate grazing very well; hence, it is mostly used for cutting at two to four times during the harvest year (Boller et al., 2010). Red clover is a natural diploid, and both diploid and tetraploid varieties are grown. New tetraploid populations can be created in two ways: mitotically by doubling the chromosome number using colchicine, nitrous oxide, or mitosis inhibitors, and meiotically by crossing diploid plants that produces unreduced gametes (Meglic and Smith, 1992;
Effect of pretreatments on seed germination rate of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) populations
African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2011
The aim of the present study was to investigate effective methods in breaking the seed dormancy for red clover populations collected from Central-Black Sea Region of Turkey. To increase germination percentage of red clover, precooling, preheating, hot water, potassium nitrate and mechanical scarification were used. The results pointed out that there was a significant difference among the populations and treatments regarding germination rates. While average germination vigor of seeds was 29.4% in control treatments, it increased to 54.2% in mechanical scarification. Additionally preheating and precooling treatments were recommended.
Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 2014
The effect of different modes of pollination on quantitative and qualitative parameters of Egyptian clover, Trifolium alexandrinum L. was studied at Forage Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2012 and 2013. Maximum seed setting (81.5%) was recorded in A. mellifera pollination with an 8 frame colony (BP-8F) followed by 4 frame colony (BP-4F) (75.1%), open pollination (OP) (73.8%) and 2 frame colony (BP-2F) (71.5%). Maximum seed yield (2662.3 seeds) was observed in treatment BP-8F followed by BP-4F (2373.8), OP (2316.3) and BP-2F (2235.5). Still lower yield of 2103.0 seeds was found in hand pollination (HP) treatment that was significantly higher than the without insect pollination (WIP) treatment (1114.2). Minimum 1000-seed weight was observed in WIP (2.64 g). The seed weight of BP-4F (3.30), HP (3.20), BP-2F (3.17) and OP (3.03), the heaviest seeds were recorded in BP-8F (3.62 g/1000 grains) and it was at par with th...
Thaiszia - Journal of Botany, 2019
The potential breeding value of snow clover (Trifolium pratense ssp. nivale (W.D.J. Koch) Arcang.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense ssp. sativum) hybrids Naydenova, G. & Vasileva, V. (2019): The potential breeding value of snow clover (Trifolium pratense ssp. nivale (W.D.J. Koch) Arcang.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense ssp. sativum) hybrids.-Thaiszia-J. Bot. 29 (2): 217-224 Abstract: Eight red clover subspecies are registered in Europe but it can be considered that the high genetic diversity and local genetic adaptation existing at a subspecies level is unused. The experiment aimed at studying agronomical traits of the hybrids obtained from crosses of wild subspecies of Trifolium pratense-snow clover (Trifolium pratense ssp. nivale (W.D.J. Koch) Arcang.) and cultivated red clover (Trifolium pratense ssp. sativum). Under field conditions, two snow clover half-sib families-F 1 generation of crossbreeding were selected and compared to the paternal variety Nika 11 for three years. According to results, the size, habit of growth as well as dry matter productivity at spring growth of the F 1 hybrids were similar to the cultivated red clover. In summer regrowth, they were less productive. In terms of a type and rate of development the hybrids were similar to snow clover. From morphological point of view, the families proved of interest with its abundant leafiness, which renders them suitable for breeding in pasture direction. The hybrids are characterized by an icreased number of seeds per inflorescence and seed yield. The open-pollinated seeds of families were used for the formation of a population that represented the F 2 generation progenies. The phenotypic variation in the first vegetation of F2 generation was high for plant flower colour, growth habit, and degree of pubescence. It can be considered that this population contains a high genetic variation and is suitable for development of complex hybrid breeding populations.
Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 2011
The objective of this study was to investigate the changes that take place in nutrient values of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cv K-27 at different stages of growth in the second and the third cut. The samples from different stages of growth: mid-bud stage, around 60% flowering and full flowering were investigated for crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), digestible dry matter (DDM), dry matter intake (DMI), relative feed value (RFV), total digestible nutrients (TDN), net energy-lactation (NEl), net energy-maintenance (NEm) and net energy-gain (NEg) content. Higher content of crude protein was found in the third cut (262.1 g kg-1 of DM) than in the second cut (260.8 g kg-1 of DM) in the first stage of development. TDN, DDM, DMI, RFV, NEl, NEm and NEg were calculated according to the appropriate equations adapted from common formulas for forages. The stage of plant development has a significant influence on the chemical composition and th...
Progress Made in Improving Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) Through Breeding
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a major forage legume grown on approximately 4 million hectares worldwide. It has a long and varied history in agriculture. Active breeding efforts began at the end of the 19 th century. Since this time, significant improvement in red clover cultivars has occurred. The major focus of breeding and accompanying research efforts has involved increasing persistence. Improved persistence has been achieved through general persistence selection, pathogen resistance breeding, and breeding for tolerances to other agronomic stresses. Dry matter yield has received less attention, but has nevertheless been improved. More recently, selection for adaptation and performance of red clover in a grass-legume mixture used especially in grazing has received attention. Genomic resources in red clover have matured with the availability of numerous genetic maps and publicly available molecular markers. Transformation techniques have been developed to allow creation of genetically modified plants. Numerous opportunities still exist to improve agronomic characteristics of red clover, particularly by continuing efforts to increase persistence and dry matter yield. In a world with expensive fossil fuel-based fertilizer, breeding to develop and maintain improved red clover will continue to remain important.