Gatan Mud Volcanoes, Oman Sea Coast in Southwestern Hormozgan, Iran (original) (raw)
Related papers
Mud Diapirism on the Makran, Iran: Case Study on the Napag Mud Volcano
Open Journal of Geology, 2015
The Napag is the biggest Mud Volcano at Makran in Iran. The main aim of this research is the investigation of geologic setting and geographic situation of Napag Mud Volcano as a well-known mud diapir at Makran on the south eastern margin of Iran. The Napag Mud Volcano has been formed during quaternary of as a conical hill on the flat plain in coastal region Oman Sea. There are badlands area and several mud volcanoes that they have been triggered by longitudinal normal faults. This normal faults have been developed in neotectonic regime by the roll-back of oceanic lithosphere (beneath of Oman Sea). Finally, the main characteristics of the Napag mud diapir are presented.
Mud Diapirism on the Gorgan, North Iran
The several mud volcanoes have been exposed at the Gorgan area in the north Iran. The Garniarig-Tapeh is the biggest mud volcano and the investigation of its tectonic geomorphology is the main aim in this paper. Also, we have determinated tectonic and geologic setting of Naft-Lije mud volcanoes and several Salses as the exposed mud diapirs at Gorgan on the northern margin of Iran. These mud volcanoes have been formed during quaternary of as a shield shape hill or pool on the flat plain in coastal region SE Caspian Sea. There are flat area and several mud volcanoes that they have been triggered by buoyant driving mechanisms, have been appeared during dormant periods of mud volcanoes activity. This mechanism has been developed in neotectonic regime by convergent setting between The Cimmerian and Eurasian plates. Finally, the main characteristics of the Gorgan area have presented.
Mud Volcanoes in an Active Fore-Arc Setting: A Case Study from the Makran Coastal Belt, SW Pakistan
The Makran coastal belt is over 1000 km long stretching from Iran to east of Karachi in Pakistan. A major active subduction zone known as Makran subduction zone defi ned by the under thrusting of the Arabian plate beneath the Eurasian plate runs parallel to the coastline. The subduction zone is associated with a thick accretionary sedimentary wedge deposited in an active fore-arc basin containing very thick detrital sediments contributed by the accretion of the subducting plate since Late Eocene time. The sediments in the fore-arc basin are fi ne-grained usually of clay size fraction deposited in highly fl uidized conditions trapping methane gas. The fl uidized mud diapirically moves upward along weak zones as mud volcanoes due to high sedimentation rates and escaping gas pressure piercing through the overlying sediment layers. The development of mud volcanoes shows a close relationship between the sedimentation rates, gas escape from sediments and tectonic activity. Mud volcanoes are found in abundance both onshore and offshore of the Makran Coast. Most of the onshore mud volcanoes are associated with active fault zones and are believed to be triggered by tectonic activity. Located in the hanging wall of an active subduction zone, the region is seismically highly active and occur
Geografiska Annaler Series A-physical Geography, 2016
Mud volcanoes are geomorphological phenomena and there is a limited volume of knowledge about them. Output of a composition of water, mud, and gas forms the mud volcano phenomenon. Geographical distribution of mud volcanoes indicates their relationship with pressured, rapid and thick sedimentation, which is seen in both tectonically active and inactive zones. Naftlige mud volcano is located in the southwest of the Caspian Sea and west of Gomishan Wetland in Golestan Province, Iran. Since no study has ever been conducted with a specific focus on mud volcanoes, field and laboratory studies were carried out for the first time to overcome the shortage of library resources. The objective was to determine the composition of emerging mud and study its morphometric and geomorphic features so that there would be a method for identifying and introducing some unknown aspects of this mud volcano. Therefore, three samples of this mud volcano which were taken on 27 Apr., 2012 were tested and analyzed using X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence techniques to determine the mineral and chemical composition. The results of this analysis showed that, in these three samples, silicon oxide with the chemical formula SiO 2 had 40.88% volatile materials, 19.15% H 2 O Loss on Ignition (LOI) and 13.97% calcium oxide. Quartz, calcite and albite formed the three main phases of minerals.
Origin of fluids discharged from mud volcanoes in SE Iran
Marine and Petroleum Geology
Onshore and offshore mud volcanism in the Makran accretionary prism is related to convergence of the Arabian and Eurasian plates. This study describes the chemical and isotopic composition of hydrocarbon-rich fluids from four active onshore mud volcanoes located along the Makran coast (southern Iran), namely Borborok, Ain, Napag and Sand Mirsuban (Makran coast, southern Iran), as well as Pirgel mud volcano (SE Iran) that is located between the Taftan and Bazman igneous volcanoes. The main aim was to provide insights into the source region(s) of gases and waters discharged from these systems and the secondary processes controlling their chemical features. The four onshore mud volcanoes emitted CH 4-dominated gases, with significant concentrations of C 2+ alkanes suggesting a dominant thermogenic origin, as confirmed by their δ 13 C-CH 4 values. Carbon dioxide was
Potentials of Iran's Geotourism and Structure of Mud Volcanoes
2013
Geotourism is one of the new branches of tourism industry which recently has been highly regarded, and studies the introduction and utilization of the surface geological features in the line with tourism development. In this regard, Iran is a country which has been very apt and has countless attractions and amazing geological diversity and it can attract many tourists and scientific tourists.
Petrology and Geochemistry of Shah Ashan Dagh Mafic Rocks and A-Type Granite in Ne of Khoy, NW Iran
فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی علوم زمین, 2010
0XG YROFDQRHV DUH RQH RI WKH LQWHUHVWLQJ SKHQRPHQRQV WKDW PDQ\ UHVHDUFKHUV LQ RLO ¿HOG SODWH WHFWRQLFV DQG JHRWRXULVP FRQVLGHU WKH PRVW ,Q WKLV UHJDUG WKHUH are many studies in the other countries, especially those which have this phenomenon and published many articles. This article is the output of researches about anatomical characteristics of active, non active mud volcanoes and hidden diapir in the study region. Due to the subduction of Caspian Sea bed under the continental crust in southeast zone of Caspian Sea, there are a series of anticlines and synclinals which located in the west section NW-SE, in the middle section WE and east section to Turkmanestan NE-SW. Due to the increase in the west thickness of Cheleken and Aghchagyl formations, Apsheron stage and Quaternary series that are calcareous, marl, clay and sandy and consist of gastropod and lamellibranches remains overlaying on each other conformity there are more mud volcanoes in west and southwest of Caspian Sea. There are 3 active, semi-active and few non active diapirs as well as a hidden one. Mud volcanoes at the southeast, semi-active and hidden diapir section of Caspian Sea, are almost in same direction with Caspian Sea fault. The seismic studies in the region show Plio-Quaternary compressive pressures and subsidence in the form of diapir is present on the surface. Anatomy of mud volcanoes of the region shows their KLVWRU\ JRHV EDFN WR XSSHU SHULRG 3OLRFHQH DQG VFLHQWL¿FDOO\ WKHLU RULJLQ DUH WHFWRQLFVHGLPHQWDU\
Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 2008
At a glance of its stratighraphy, the Taftan Volcano can be classified as three groups: pre-, syn-and post-volcanic deposits. The pre-volcanic deposits consist mostly of flysch facies and colored mélange complex. The syn-volcanic deposits are mainly the product of the Taftan Volcano which is mostly composed of pyroclastic and lava flows from the main body of this volcano. The post-volcanic deposits are mostly epiclastic and reworked materials from the Taftan Volcano due to its erosion and weathering. Major and trace elements, and Sr/Rb isotopic compositions determined on whole-rock samples from the Taftan Volcano showed that the volcano was formed at the continental margin. The whole-rock isotopic composition of the Taftan Volcano showed a feature of strong enrichment with 87 Sr/ 86 Sr=0.705326-0.705921. Geochronological samples of the Taftan Volcano determined by the 40 K/ 40 Ar method gave an age range of 6.95±0.72 to 0.71±0.03 Ma. The rare-earth element patterns are characterized by high LREE and nearly strongly linear patterns for MREE to HREE, suggesting that distinctive minerals such as olivine and pyroxene crystallized in the early magmatic stage and then were involved in reaction between the lower crust and residual magma. The integrated isotope and trace element systematics and tectonic structure beneath the Taftan Volcano suggested the lower-crust assimilation by the primary magma. The primary magma had generated from a heterogeneous mantle source and a secondary petrogenetical process. This magma could have been affected by the subduction of the Oman Sea underneath the continental Eurasia plate.