Evaluation of Morphological and Molecular Diversity among South Asian Germplasms of Cucumis sativus and Cucumis melo (original) (raw)
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Morphologic and molecular assessments of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) landraces
Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 2020
In this study, 90 locally grown cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) landraces were collected and morphologically characterized using 20 descriptors derived from UPOV (International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants). Genetic diversity and relationships of the genotypes were revealed using 20 sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) marker combinations. The discrimination power of each polymorphic marker (estimated by the polymorphism information content) ranged from 0.15 to 0.99 with an average of 0.73. Dice's similarity coefficient ranged between 0.00-1.00. The cluster analysis that was conducted using the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic averages (UPGMA) for both molecular and morphologic data showed that all of the genotypes fell into two main groups and many subdivisions. According to morphological data, fruit length, diameter and weight of the genotypes were determined between 6.5 - 32.5 cm, 25 - 52 mm and, 28 - 625 g respectively. It is clear fr...
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2018
The cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important crop worldwide. In the present study the morphological characterization of 206 cucumber accessions, 195 from Spain and 11 outgroups from other countries, was carried out. One hundred and seventy-eight of them came from the COMAV's Genebank, 116 collected by the COMAV and the others 62 maintained at this institution as safety duplicates of the BGHZ collection. Seventeen more accessions supplied by BGHZ were included in the present research. Five plants per accession were characterized, with 17 qualitative and nine quantitative descriptors, eight of them referred to plant traits and 18 related to the fruit. Fruit descriptors were evaluated in at least 25 fruits per accession. The accessions were classified in five groups: 'White', 'Short', 'French', 'Long' and 'Very long', based on the morphology of their fruits and their similarity to commercial types. Principal Component Analysis showed that, with few exceptions, the accessions grouped to the previously established groups. Variability found among and within groups displayed the potential of these plant materials in breeding programs for different traits. The morphological characterization allowed the selection of the 67.2% of the collection, eliminating the most similar accessions.
Genetic diversity assessment of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes using molecular markers
Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 2017
In the present investigation, 13 genotypes of cucumber were screened for genetic diversity using eight ISSR primers. The six ISSR primers generated 52 alleles. A total of 52 loci were amplified that exhibited 92.30 per cent polymorphism. A maximum of 11 loci were detected by the primer UBC-855 and UBC-890. Unique bands were also observed by the primers namely UBC-808, UBC-840, and UBC-855. The similarity value ranged from 22 per cent to 80 per cent with the average value of 46 per cent. The genotype Pgyn-1 was found most diverse than others with 33 per cent similarity. The 13 genotypes were grouped into two major groups (A and B) based on ISSR markers. Group A consisted of the most diverse genotype, Pgyn-1. Group B contained the maximum number of genotypes and further divided in two major sub clusters IB and IIB. Sub cluster IB includes small sub cluster of seven genotypes in which Pgyn-4 was found separately whereas, sub cluster IIB contained PCUC-35 and Punjab Naveen as well as shared the cluster genetically while they differ a lot in respect to visual identification.
In this research, fortyfour genotypes with two check varieties of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) were studied that were collected from different geographical regions of India. Biodiversity is one of the most important factors in the survival and improvement of any species. Therefore, germplasm collection is the first step for plant improvement. To investigate their genetic and morphological relationships morphological traits of genotypes of cucumbers were evaluated with check varieties. We found that the traits, the total yield varied during first season from 48.80-144.48 (q/ha) with average of 89.81(q/ha). During second season, it varied from 46.30-202.00 (q/ha) with an average of 104.90 (q/ha). The single fruit weight varied during first season from 182.98 to 371.87 gm. with average of 287.89 gm. During second season, it varied from 180.16 to 380.11 gm. with an average of 281.75gm. Fruit length varied during first season from 6.43 to 25.28 cm. with average of 16.22 cm. During second season, it varied from 6.06 to 25.26 cm. with an average of 16.25 cm. The number of fruits per plant varied during first season from 3.30-8.30 with average of 5.60. During second season, it varied from 2.80-10.56 with an average of 6.69. The distinct genotypes found in this study based on morpho-molecular characters will great interest to cucumber breeder for selection of diverse parent or production of mapping population.
Genetic diversity among landraces of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) from north east India
Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 2019
Twenty eight diverse landraces collected from various parts of North Eastern Region of India along with two checks were evaluated to study the diversity pattern among the genotypes on 17 morphological traits. High magnitude of genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) and heritability coupled with high genetic gain were observed for average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, number of branches per plant, number of seeds per fruit and 100 seed weight. However, these parameters were moderate for early fruit harvest and total soluble solids (TSS). Thirty genotypes were grouped into 6 clusters which showed intercluster D2 values ranging between 115.81 and 670.08. Grouping of genotypes of same location in different clusters indicated that the geographical diversity may not necessarily be related to genetic diversity. The cumulative contribution (82.28%) of fruit weight, 100-seed weight, number of branches per plant and fruit yield per plant to ...
Assessment of genetic diversity in Cucumis melo through RAPD analysis
Genetic diversity analysis of sixteen accessions of two Cucumis melo groups var. callosus ( kachari ) and momordica(kakari) collected from four districts viz., Ajmer, Bikaner, Churu and Nagaur of Rajasthan was carried out using RAPD primers. A total of 102 amplified fragments were generated, out of which 99 were polymorphic. Primers OPG17 could distinguish all the accessions recording the highest discriminatory power (1.00) followed by OPB 6 (0.991). The Jaccard’s similarity coefficient recorded an average similarity of 0.40 indicating 60% diversity, ranging from 18 to 67% among all the 16 accessions. The SAHN clustering based on UPGMA algorithms divided the accessions into three groups, the I consisting nine (eight of kakariand one kachari(Nagaur 1k) accessions, the II included five (all kacharione Nagaur 2k and four from Ajmer and Bikaner) and the III had two kachariaccessions of Churu. Kachari recorded 20% more genetic diversity as compared to kakari. Churu Kachari recorded maximum diversity (61 to 82%). The study indicated that the landraces possess wide genetic diversity, which can be used for improvement.
Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 2018
The cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important crop worldwide. In the present study, the molecular genetic diversity of 131 Spanish accessions was analyzed using 23 simple sequence repeat (SSRs). Eighteen of these SSRs were polymorphic; the mean number of alleles, mean observed heterozygosity and mean polymorphic information content were 3.2, 0.065 and 0.229, respectively. Seven SSRs showed a polymorphic information content (PIC) ranging from 0.31 to 0.44, therefore they were reasonably informative. Around 60% of the alleles showed a frequency higher than 0.05, and only one allele in the SSR31399 showed a frequency lower than 0.01. In addition, three accession-specific alleles were found. A high proportion of variation among accessions was obtained. In no case all plants of any accession showed the same genotype and only 18 of 131 Spanish accessions had at least two plants with the same genotype. A cluster analysis did not show any relation with morphological types or geographica...
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Turkish Landraces of Cucumis melo L
Twenty-four accessions covering different groups of Cucumis melo L. from Eastern and Southeastern Anatolian regions of Turkey were characterized by using 43 morphological traits and 207 markers obtained from 31 ISSR and 16 SSR primers. The genetic relatedness was studied by examining the Euclidian/UPGMA dendrogram obtained from the combined phenotypic-molecular data. In the combined morphological-molecular dendrogram, there were two main clusters. Sweet and non-sweet melon groups were separated and the flexuosus group accessions were discriminated from the sweet ones, but the momordica group accession was clustered with the sweet ones. Unclear Southeastern Anatolian accessions were sub-clustered separately among the sweet ones. Principle component analysis (PCA) of morphological characters was used in detail to discriminate melon accessions. The cumulative proportion of variation reached 44% by first three PCA axes. The first component was mainly based on sex expression, ovary index, ovary shape, flesh thickness, seed cavity length, seed cavity width, soluble solids content, fruit shape, aroma, netting, and taste. The PCA plot based on all measured traits allowed distinction between flexuosus group, subsp. agrestis and reticulatus group. A high variation among groups was observed for the fruits characters. Netting, aroma and abscission of peduncle represent reticulatus group; a small fruit size, strong typical aroma and secondary colour distribution characterize dudaim group. Monoecy, very long fruit shape and mature fruit rind colour discriminate flexuous group; Ovary index, fruit size and flesh width distinguish subsp. agrestis group. These findings indicated wide range of variations for investigated characteristics in Turkish gene pool that provides a good source of diversity to use in melon improvement program for better yield and other traits of interest.
In this research, 44 genotypes with two checks Pant Khira-1 and Pointsette of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) were studied that were collected from different geographical regions. The experiment was conducted as a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications in open field condition. Average distance of inter and intra centroids cluster analysis was done to study the divergence in genotypes including checks in respect of various economic traits. The genotypes were grouped into seven non overlapping clusters. The averages inter and intra cluster distances have been presented. The distribution patterns of genotypes of cucumber into seven clusters have been analyzed. Data was collected on morphological features, yield and components of yield of cucumber which include: days to first male flowers, node number to first male flower, days to first female flowers, node number to first female flower, internodal length, days to first fruit harvest, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight, test weight, seed index, primary branches per plant, plant height and yield. The genotypic coefficients were higher in the magnitudes relative to corresponding estimates of phenotypic coefficients, which indicated high heritability of the traits under study. Number of fruits per plant (0.860**) showed positive significant correlation with yield in highly significant positive correlation, the values of direct and indirect contribution of different traits toward yield revealed the maximum direct effect of number of fruits per plant (0.837) and maximum positive indirect effect of number of fruits per plant (0.110). Therefore, Selection of superior genotypes in view point of desirable morphologic traits, with high genetic distance could be selected for hybridization programs and recognition of best genotypes for different traits to produce new elite hybrids in cucumber.
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi tarım ve doğa dergisi, 2020
For this purpose, 18 cucumber lines were evaluated for their genetic diversity using six morphological characterizations (plant morphology, plant length, length of leaf blade, fruit length, fruit diameter and fruit stem length) and eight AFLP markers. These AFLP primer combinations amplified well and also showed polymorphism. Thus, 1975 AFLP fragments were obtained and 1468 fragments were polymorphic (75.34%). Dendrograms were drawn using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method) arithmetical averages and according to the UPGMA dendrogram, the cucumber accessions clustered into two main groups. The genetic distances of the dendrogram varied between 0.92 and 0.96. Cluster analysis based on morphological data discriminated all lines into three major clusters in UPGMA dendrogram. The similarity coefficient ranged between 0.888 and 0.982 indicating that the cucumber lines used in the study have a low level of genetic variation. Results obtained from the phylogenetic dendrogram by 8 pairs of AFLP primers were consistent with those from the UPGMA clustering analysis, which were in according with the morphological taxonomy on cucumber.