Biological monitoring of roadside plants exposed to vehicular pollution in Jalgaon city (original) (raw)
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Roadside Plants as Bio-indicators of Urban Air Pollution
International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2020
This paper describes air pollution tolerance among roadside plants exposed to varying degrees of vehicular pollutants. Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of 10 selected wild plant species was carried out to assess their response to ambient levels of air pollutants along the busy roadways of Ahemadnagar Four parameters namely total chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, pH of leaf extract and relative water content were determined and computed together to signify air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of plants. The observed significant reduction in total chlorophyll, ascorbic acid and relative water content showed inverse relationship with traffic density. Similarly, pH of leaf extract followed an exponential decrease with increase in traffic density and drifted towards acidic range. Comparison of APTI values from control to polluted sites revealed maximum reduction in Bougainvillea spectabilis while least change was noted in Peltophorum pterocarpum. Among the plants studied maximum net per cent reduction of APTI over control was seen in Bougainvillea spectabilis and Ageratum conyzoides and are considered to be sensitive species. While Peltophorum pterocarpum and Portulaca oleraceae are tolerant species since they have shown least per cent reduction in APTI.
Rapid industrialization and urbanization coupled with increase in vehicular traffic in the urban areas has become a great threat to air quality, threatening the very existence of the living beings. The present study was conducted to find the effect of air pollution on different plants growing at the road sides and the major aims of this study was to assess the physiochemical effects of air pollutants on the plants. Mature leaves of ten plants (Mangifera indica, Chromolaena odorata, Hyptis suaveolens, Alstonia scholaris, Hibiscus rosasinensis, Psidium guajava, Bougainvillea glabra, Ficus benghalensis, Adenanthera pavonina and Macaranga peltata)growing luxuriously on roadsides with their respective controls were selected. Dust trapping efficiency was significantly higher in the polluted leaves. Total chlorophyll and sugar content were less in the leaves of plants growing in the polluted area compared to those growing in non polluted area. Increased content of proline and malondialdehyde were recorded in the polluted leaves and can be considered as an adaptation to protect plants against air pollution. The present study concluded that the metabolisms of common roadside plants are significantly changed in response to higher concentrations of air pollutants as compared to the control site. The marked increase of proline content further suggests that these plants offer suitable choice for the bio-monitoring of air pollution. In brief, the use of urban roadside plants as bio-indicators or bio markers is an inexpensive and convenient technique and thus offers an eco sustainable green tool for monitoring air pollution in future.
Chemosphere , 2019
Various physiological and biochemical responses of two good biomonitor plant species i.e. Datura alba and Ricinus communis were studied along two roads in the Punjab, Pakistan. Chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophylls, carotenoids, total free amino acids, total soluble proteins, total antioxidant activity, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, internal CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency of D. alba and R. communis were examined at different sites along both roads. Photosynthetic rate of both plant species was found to be affected. Reduced transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were also noted. However, elevated internal CO2 concentration and water use efficiency were recorded. Total soluble proteins got reduced, but, we found a tremendous increase in total antioxidant activity and total free amino acids in both plant species. D. alba was found to be more affected by the adverse effects of roadside air borne pollutants. Although R. communis was also affected but it showed minimal variation in all parameters compared to the control. Hence, our results suggest that R. communis is more resistant to urban roadside air pollution compared to D. alba and would be a good choice as phytoremediator of traffic borne pollutants, whereas, D. alba could be a better biomonitoring plant.
Tree as Bio-Indicator of Automobile Pollution in Surat City: A Case Study
international journal of chemical sciences, 2012
With the fast growth in industrial projects along with vehicular growth in Surat city the level of pollution is also increasing. The study examined the air pollution tolerance indices (APTI) of plant species Gulmohar Plant (Delonix Regia) around residential area, commercial area, developing area and industrial area of Surat city. Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) is used by landscapers to select plant species tolerant to air pollution. Experimental data suggested that combining a variety of physiological parameters could give more reliable results. The results of control site (CS) were compared to that of experimental site (ES). Throughout the study period, some species exhibited APTI variation related to changes in air, temperature and water status of the plant. The results highlighted the need for APTI measurements to be conducted at regular time intervals to keep an eye on pollution. The results showed that the most tolerant tree species with respect to APTI is Neem tree. Thes...
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change
In recent years air pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world. Owing to the transboundary dispersion of contaminants around the world, air pollution has its own peculiarities. In a much planned urban setup industrial pollution takes a backseat and cooler admission takes the president's as the major cause of urban air pollution in the present investigation your pollution torrents index was calculated for various plant species growing around the Allahabad Highway. Five plants available commonly in all locations were selected for the present research namely Azadirachta indica (Neem), Delonix regia (Gulmohar), Saraca asoca (Ashok), Ficus benghalensis (Bargad), Ficus religiosa (Pepal). Using normal procedures, ascorbic acid, leaf extract pH, overall chlorophyll, relative water content and air quality tolerance index were analysed. Both plants tested in both areas have been shown to be pollution-sensitive, varying from 02.29 to 12.53. No pollution tolerant organisms studie...
International Association of Biologicals and Computational Digest
Plants can be used to mitigate increasing air pollution from vehicular exhaust by planting them along roadside. The present study focuses on the changes on physiological parameters selected tree species growing along road passing through Kalupur fruit market and Vimal Park society, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The leaf samples of four trees were collected observe some physiological and biochemical parameters including pH of the leaf extract, Relative Water Content, Stomatal index, and Total Chlorophyll. Result of study showed that Ficus religiosa has the highest pH of leaf extract at polluted site, Azadirachta indica has highest total chlorophyll compared to non-polluted and Polyalthia longifolia has highest Stomatal index and RWC.
The International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences, 2015
Trees naturally clean the environment and help in reducing air pollution. The selection of suitable tree species depends on the response of trees to air pollution and can be understood by analyzing the factors that determine resistance and susceptibility. In order to evaluate the resistance and susceptibility level of plant species to air pollutants, twelve different plant species i.e. Polyalthia longifolia, Nerium indicum, Tabernamontana divariata, Cassia saimia, plumeria rubra, leucaena leucocephala, Azadirachta indica, Zizipus zizuba, Ficus religeosa, Boughanvellia spectabilis, Annona squamosa & Alstonia Scholaris was taken from Residential (S1), Commercial (SII) & Industrial (SIII) area of the city as this flora is very much common to the Jalgaon city & is planted on the roadside. The quality of air with respect to SPM, SO2 and NO2 has been also assessed on respective sites to see its effect on biochemical parameters of the leaves i.e. pH, total water content, chlorophyll and as...