Electrical properties and scaling studies of Na3+x ZrxSc2−x(PO4)3 glass ceramic electrolyte for use in Na-ion batteries (original) (raw)

Na-ion conducting Na 3+x [Zr x Sc 2−x (PO 4) 3 ] (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mol%) glass samples with NASICON-type phase were synthesized by melt quenching method and glass-ceramics were formed by heat treating the precursor glasses at their crystallization temperatures. The major and minor crystalline phases such as [Na 3 Sc 2 (PO 4) 3 (ICSD-27740) (NASICON), ZrP 2 O 7 (ICSD-15084), ZrO 2 (ICSD-66781) and Zr 2 O(PO 4) 2 (ICSD-1922)] are precipitated in all the glass-ceramic samples. The best bulk conductivity has been observed for Na 3.5 Zr 0.5 Sc 1.5 (PO 4) 3 glass-ceramic sample (σ b = 1.92 × 10 −4 S/cm) which exhibits lowest activation energy of 0.492 eV. The single master curve in the scaling analysis revealed that this glass samples show evidence of temperature-independent conduction transport mechanism.