Markers of increased vascular risk in women with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (original) (raw)
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Vascular risk factors in women with hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2 1 ADRIANA ALBU , 1
2010
Background. Diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension are two very frequent diseases. Both of them have important effects on vascular system and their major complications are caused by alterations of vasculature. Arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes are frequently associated. Beyond classical risk factors implicated in both diseases, in recent years some novel markers of vascular involvement have been studied, such as intima – media thickness (IMT) and parameters of arterial stiffness. Women seem to have an increased vascular risk associated with diabetes than do men but this is not clean from the current literature. The aim of our study was to determine the consequences of hypertension and of hypertension associated with diabetes on intima media thickness and arterial stiffness in women. Patients and methods. We studied 30 women with hypertension (group 1), 33 with diabetes mellitus and hypertension (group 2) and 21 healthy controls (HC), matched for age. We evaluated some c...
Vascular risk factors in women with hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2
2010
Background. Diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension are two very frequent diseases. Both of them have important effects on vascular system and their major complications are caused by alterations of vasculature. Arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes are frequently associated. Beyond classical risk factors implicated in both diseases, in recent years some novel markers of vascular involvement have been studied, such as intima – media thickness (IMT) and parameters of arterial stiffness. Women seem to have an increased vascular risk associated with diabetes than do men but this is not clean from the current literature. The aim of our study was to determine the consequences of hypertension and of hypertension associated with diabetes on intima media thickness and arterial stiffness in women. Patients and methods. We studied 30 women with hypertension (group 1), 33 with diabetes mellitus and hypertension (group 2) and 21 healthy controls (HC), matched for age. We evaluated some c...
2014
Objective: To examine the association of common carotid intima media thickness (CCA-IMT) with risk factors of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes and hypertension patients. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 14 type 2 diabetes, 15 hypertension and 15 control subjects. CCA-IMT and ankle brachial index (ABI) were measured by ultrasonography. Anthropometric characteristics of each subject were also taken. Results: type 2 diabetes group had higher mean CIMT values as compared to the other two groups. ABI was significantly inversely related to CIMT in type 2 diabetes and hypertension group. Conclusion: CIMT showed association with ABI and duration in type 2 diabetes and hypertension groups
Diabetologia, 2005
Aims/hypothesis: Type 2 diabetes is associated with a two-to seven-fold increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between intima-media thickness (IMT), an established marker of atherosclerosis, large artery function and other determinants of cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: We studied 228 type 2 diabetic patients (75 women, aged 62±2 years [mean± SEM]). Carotid IMT was bilaterally measured using ultrasound technology. Applanation tonometry and pulse wave analysis were used to measure aortic systolic and diastolic blood pressures, central pressure augmentation (AG) and the augmentation index (AIx), a measure of systemic arterial stiffness. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors (lipids, HbA 1 c, smoking and diabetes duration) were also assessed. Results: Women had higher AG and AIx (p<0.0001), despite comparable systolic BP and heart rate in women and men. In women, AG (r=0.39, p<0.001), age (r=0.32, p<0.01), brachial systolic BP (r=0.34, p< 0.01) and aortic systolic BP (r=0.34, p<0.01) correlated with IMT. In men, age (r=0.41, p<0.001), diabetes duration (r=0.25, p<0.01), AG (r=0.22, p<0.01), aortic sys-tolic BP (r=0.21, p<0.01), brachial systolic BP (r=0.21, p<0.01) and body weight (r=0.16, p<0.05) correlated with IMT. In multiple linear regression analyses, AG and aortic systolic BP, but not brachial systolic BP, were age-independent determinants of IMT in men and women. In all patients, increased AG (adjusted for sex, age and heart rate) correlated with longer duration of diabetes, urinary albumin excretion and IMT. Conclusions/interpretation: Measures of central systolic pressure correlate with carotid IMT, independently of age and other risk markers.
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2003
Objective— We examined whether B-mode ultrasound–detected carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) was elevated before the onset of clinical diabetes. Methods and Results— The study population for these analyses included 1127 nondiabetic participants, 66 prediabetic participants, and 303 diabetic participants with a mean age of 49.8 years who participated in the Mexico City Diabetes Study, a prospective cohort study. Common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) IMTs were measured bilaterally by B-mode ultrasound. Age- and sex-adjusted mean ICA and CCA IMTs were both significantly higher among prediabetic individuals {0.81 mm [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75–0.88] and 0.72 mm [95% CI, 0.69–0.75], respectively} than in individuals who remained free of diabetes [0.71 mm (95% CI, 0.69–0.72) and 0.69 mm (95% CI, 0.68–0.69), respectively]. However, after adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors, ICA IMT, but not CCA IMT, remained significantly higher a...
International Journal of Diabetes Research, 2014
, was conducted on 152 participants, 43 diabetes group 59 diabetes plus hypertension group and 50 healthy control persons, who were visiting the National Diabetes Center (NDC) / Al-Mustansiriya University, for periodic follow up and their healthy relatives. RESULTS: The differences between mean of the three groups for age, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C were statistically significant. The mean differences in carotid artery (IMT) of mean of left and right common carotid artery between the three groups were statistically significant. The mean carotid artery (IMT) observed in diabetes group and diabetes plus hypertension group showed apparent increased by 24.81% and 31.69% respectively which were more than that of healthy control group. The net percentage of increase attributable to hypertension on mean carotid artery IMT was 6.88%. Effect size analysis showed an increased effect of diabetes and diabetes plus hypertension on mean carotid artery IMT, Cohen's (d) 1.200 and 1.741 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes and hypertension increase the carotid artery IMT independently. Coexistent hypertension with diabetes has an additive effect on the carotid artery IMT.
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2009
The clinical implications of stiffness of the carotid artery (CA) have not been fully clarified in the prediction of coronary artery disease (CAD), although intima-media thickness (IMT) has been established as a surrogate marker. We examined the associations of stiffness parameter beta (ST) and IMT with concurrent CAD. IMT and ST were measured by ultrasound in 439 nondiabetic subjects as a control and 1528 type 2 diabetic subjects (T2DM) with or without CAD in a cross-sectional study. Both IMT and ST significantly increased with age and group category, in the order of control, T2DM without CAD, and T2DM with CAD (p<0.001). The area under the curve on ROC analysis of ST for concurrent CAD was comparable to that for IMT. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, High IMT (>or=1.30 mm) and High stiffness (>or=20.0) had significant odds ratios for concurrent CAD (2.205, p<0.001 and 1.548, p<0.05, respectively). The group with High IMT and High Stiffness exhibited a st...
Menopause, 2004
The aim of this study was to examine the association between carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and coronary heart diseases (CHD) risk factors in a large population of peri-and postmenopausal women. Design: Participants in this study were 906 healthy peri-and postmenopausal women from southwestern France, 45 to 65 years old with no history of cardiovascular disease and no utilization of estrogen/hormone therapy. Women were classified either as perimenopausal (n = 240) or postmenopausal (n = 666) according both to the regularity of menses and to serum follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol values. All women answered a questionnaire, which included 72 questions, related to the identification of familial and personal cardiovascular risk factors. Biological measurements were performed to evaluate their lipid-lipoprotein profiles and fasting glucose levels, ultrasonography was used to measure IMT and total body scanners by DXA were performed to determine the percentage of body fat. Results: Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the ability of each variable to explain IMT values. Mean IMT of the right carotid artery was 0.520 (± 0.07) mm. Of the 906 women, 9% were currently taking lipid-lowering drugs, 12.8% and less than 2% were being treated for hypertension and diabetes, respectively. Additionally, 124 women were found to have current hypertension, 10% had a familial history of CHD, and 18% were regular smokers. In multiple regression analyses, only increasing age (P < 0.001) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.001) were independently and significantly associated with IMT. Conclusions: These results show that only a few risk factors were associated with IMT in this population of healthy peri-and postmenopausal women. These results might be related to the fact that this study was conducted in an area of France well known for having the lowest rates of CHD in women, which is further supported by the thinner IMT found in this population as compared with a higher-risk population. Therefore, these results might not be relevant for CHD in older or highrisk women.