Real-Time Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Lymph Node Aspiration (original) (raw)
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European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 2009
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic yield, the learning curve and the safety of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle biopsy (EBUS-TBNA) in mediastinal staging of patients with lung cancer. Methods: Mediastinal staging was performed with EBUS-TBNA according to the Danish national guidelines in patients fulfilling one or more of the following criteria: (1) central tumour; (2) enlarged (>10 mm) mediastinal lymph nodes on computed tomography; or (3) positron emission tomography (PET)-positive mediastinal lymph nodes. The study period began in January 2006 when EBUS-TBNA was introduced in the department and ended in December 2007. All records were reviewed retrospectively. None of the four examiners had any previous experience with EBUS-TBNA or ultrasound when the study began. All examinations were performed under general anaesthesia. Patients without useful cytological material from the EBUS-TBNA were subjected to a supplementary standard cervical mediastinoscopy if the mediastinal lymph nodes were found to be enlarged (>10 mm), PET positive or if the examiner was insecure of the result of the EBUS-TBNA. Patients with mediastinal lymph node involvement, detected by EBUS-TBNA or standard cervical mediastinoscopy, were referred to oncological treatment, while those without mediastinal lymph node involvement underwent -if they were otherwise eligible for surgeryresection and systematic lymph node sampling either by thoracotomy or by video-assisted thoracoscopy. Final mediastinal staging was defined as positive if mediastinal lymph node involvement was detected by EBUS-TBNA, standard cervical mediastinoscopy or surgery, or defined as negative otherwise. Results: A total of 157 patients were included in the study. N2/N3 disease was found in 67 patients (42.6%). EBUS-TBNA missed the mediastinal spread in 10 patients. Five of the ten patients had lymph node metastases in station 5, 6 or 8 -out of reach of EBUS-TBNA or standard cervical mediastinoscopy. EBUS-TBNA had a sensitivity of 0.85 (0.74-0.93) and a negative predictive value of 0.90 (0.82-0.95). No complications occurred from EBUS-TBNA. The number of supplementary standard cervical mediastinoscopies decreased significantly in the study period. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that staging of the mediastinum with EBUS-TBNA is safe and easy to learn -even without previous experience with ultrasound. The diagnostic yield of EBUS-TBNA is in accordance with the yield of standard cervical mediastinoscopy reported in the literature. We do not find any indications in the present study of the recommended necessity for mediastinoscopy in all EBUS-TBNA-negative patients. #
Journal of thoracic disease, 2014
Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) has been around for over 30 years with sensitivities approaching 70-90%. Recent development of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) TBNA demonstrated even higher sensitivities among experts. However EBUS-TBNA is more costly and less available worldwide than conventional TBNA. A comparison study to determine the efficacy of TBNA with and without EBUS in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer is described. A total of 287 patients with mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy presenting for diagnosis and/or staging of lung cancer at enrolling institutions were included. Equal numbers of punctures were performed at the target lymph node stations using conventional TBNA techniques followed by EBUS-TBNA at the same sites. Patients and puncture sites that were biopsied by both methods and were positive for lung cancer were compared to establish efficacy of each technique on the same patients. In 253 patients at least one pair of specimens were...
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 2010
Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) has the potential to allow adequate mediastinal staging of non-small cell lung cancer with enlarged lymph nodes in most patients without the need for mediastinoscopy. Metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes is one of the most important factors in determining resectability and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. The importance of TBNA as a tool for diagnosing intrathoracic lymphadenopathy as well as in the staging of lung cancer has been reported in various studies. We performed a literature search in PubMed and Journal of Bronchology using the keyword transbronchial needle aspiration. TBNA is a safe and effective procedure to diagnose mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Real-time bronchoscopic ultrasound-guided TBNA is the new kid on the block, which can further enhance the sensitivity of bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions.
2010
L ung cancer is one of the most common neoplasms in the Western world. Treatment depends on histologic type and stage of disease. 1 Mediastinal lymph nodes are involved in 28% to 38% of non-small cell lung cancers at the time of diagnosis, and when present, they have an important bearing on treatment planning. 2 Professional societies recommend staging with tissue confi rmation of suspected metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes. 1,2 Mediastinoscopy or thoracoscopy has been the diagnostic standard, but less-invasive methods have emerged as potential alternatives. 3 Such methods include conventional transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA), endoscopic ultrasound-guided fi ne-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA), and most recently, endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). 4-7 Conventional TBNA does not allow needle placement to be visualized; it is a fairly "blind" technique. Background: For mediastinal lymph nodes, biopsies must often be performed to accurately stage lung cancer. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) allows real-time guidance in sampling paratracheal, subcarinal, and hilar lymph nodes, and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fi ne-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) can sample mediastinal lymph nodes located adjacent to the esophagus. Nodes can be sampled and staged more completely by combining these procedures, but to date use of two different endoscopes has been required. We examined whether both procedures could be performed with a single endobronchial ultrasound bronchoscope. Methods: Consecutive patients with a presumptive diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) underwent endoscopic staging by EBUS-TBNA and EUS-FNA through a single linear ultrasound bronchoscope. Surgical confi rmation and clinical follow-up was used as the reference standard. Results: Among 150 evaluated patients, 139 (91%; 83 men, 56 women; mean age 57.6 years) were diagnosed with NSCLC. In these 139 patients, 619 nodes were endoscopically biopsied: 229 by EUS-FNA and 390 by EBUS-TBNA. Sensitivity was 89% for EUS-FNA and 92% for EBUS-TBNA. The combined approach had a sensitivity of 96% and a negative predictive value of 95%, values higher than either approach alone. No complications occurred. Conclusions: The two procedures can easily be performed with a dedicated linear endobronchial ultrasound bronchoscope in one setting and by one operator. They are complementary and provide better diagnostic accuracy than either one alone. The combination may be able to replace more invasive methods as a primary staging method for patients with lung cancer.
Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, 2020
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of lung and mediastinal lesions. METHODS: Prospective cohort study that included 52 patients during a 2-year period (2016 to 2018) who underwent EBUS-TBNA. RESULTS: Among the 52 individuals submitted to the procedure, 22 (42.31%) patients were diagnosed with locally advanced lung cancer (N2 or N3 lymph node involvement). EBUS-TBNA confirmed the diagnosis of metastases from other extrathoracic tumors in the mediastinum or lung in 5 patients (9.61%), confirmed small cell lung cancer in 3 patients (5.76%), mediastinal sarcoidosis in 1 patient (1.92%), and reactive mediastinal lymph node in 8 patients (15.38%); insufficient results were found for 3 patients (5.76%). Based on these results, EBUS-TBNA avoided further subsequent surgical procedures in 39 of 52 patients (75%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 86%, 100%, 100%, 77%, and 90%, respectively....
Iranian Journal of Radiology, 2012
In the diagnosis of malignant lymph nodes (LNs) and staging of lung cancer, sampling of mediastinal and hilar LNs is essential. Mediastinoscopy is known as the gold standard. Convex probe (CP) endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is a noninvasive and highly sensitive diagnostic method in mediastinal and hilar LN sampling. Objectives: Evaluating the role of CP-EBUS-guided TBNA in the diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar LNs suspicious of malignancy. Patients and Methods: One hundred twenty patients with a known lung malignancy or hilar/mediastinal LNs detected by thoracic computed tomography (CT) and/or positron emission tomography (PET)-CT suspicious for malignancy were included in this prospective study. The procedure was performed by Olympus 7.5 MHz CP endoscope and EU C2000 processor by the oral route under topical anesthesia and conscious sedation. After visualization of LNs, their dimensions were recorded. Aspiration was considered as "insufficient" if there were inadequate lymphocytes on the smears. Diagnosis of "malignancy" on cytologic examination was considered as the "final diagnosis". If diagnosis was negative for malignancy, more invasive procedures were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Results: Twenty four females and 96 male patients (mean age, 57.8 ± 9.1) were included. A total of 177 LN stations were aspirated in 120 patients. In 82 patients, the diagnosis was malignant by EBUS-guided TBNA and in the remaining 38; the diagnosis was established by further invasive procedures. Of the 38 EBUS-guided TBNA negative patients, 28 were diagnosed as non-malignant and 10 were malignant. The sensitivity, diagnostic accuracy and negative predictive value of CP EBUS-guided TBNA were 89.1%, 91.6% and 73.6%, respectively. No major complications were seen. Conclusion: As an alternative method to mediastinoscopy, EBUS-guided TBNA is a safe and noninvasive procedure with high sensitivity in the diagnosis of malignant mediastinal LNs. .5812/iranjradiol.3882 Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: In the diagnosis of malignant lymph nodes and staging of lung cancer, sampling of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes is essential. This research deals with the role and diagnostic value of convex probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis of the nature of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes in patients with a known lung malignancy or hilar/mediastinal lymph nodes detected by thoracic CT and/or PET-CT suspicious for malignancy. Copyright
Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 2009
The aim of this study is to determine the sensitivity of real-time endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) in lung cancer staging. Short-and long-axis node diameters were measured during EBUS in patients referred for lung cancer staging and sensitivities for the identification of nodal malignancy at TBNA determined. Three hundred fifteen real-time EBUS-guided TBNA nodal sampling procedures were performed in 161 patients and in 87 of them, N2/N3 metastasis was confirmed (50.9%), eliminating the need for mediastinoscopy. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) short-axis diameters of the sampled mediastinal and lobar nodes were 11 (8-15) and 8 (7-12) mm, respectively. TBNA provided satisfactory samples from 269 nodes (85.4%) and a sensitivity of 100% for the identification of malignant TBNA samples was reached for a short-axis diameter cut-off of 5 mm and a short-to long-axis ratio of 0.5. The probability of malignancy was over 90% for nodes with a short-axis diameter .20 mm and 55% for round nodes (short-to long-axis ratio of 1). In 18 out of 50 patients with a normal mediastinal computed tomography (CT) scan, the technique identified enlarged nodes in the mediastinum (36%), mainly in the subcarinal region and confirmed mediastinal malignancy in 8 (10%). Real-time EBUS-guided TBNA obtains satisfactory node samples in almost 90% of cases and improves the identification of enlarged nodes in patients with a normal mediastinum at CT. If sampling all nodes with a short-axis diameter of 5mmandashort−tolong−axisratio5 mm and a short-to long-axis ratio 5mmandashort−tolong−axisratio0.5, a sensitivity of 100% for the cytologic identification of malignant nodes can be expected. (