Rectifiers Based on Quadrature Hybrid Coupler with Improved Performance for Energy Harvesting (original) (raw)
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Antenna rectifier using quadrature hybrid coupler for power-harvesting applications
International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, 2020
This article presents the design, simulation, fabrication, and measurement of a compact power-harvesting circuit. A quadrature hybrid coupler is used for this harvesting circuit because of its advantageous matching, high isolation, and lossless characteristic. It properly feeds the bridge rectifier, combining the signals received with two antennas. The bridge rectifier component is a turnout full-wave rectification from a two-wire alternative current input. The measurements found output power to be −25.5 dBm using a 5 KΩ load resistor, at 5 GHz. The transmitter antenna input power level is 7 dBm, at 50 cm distance. Both results of the Friis Equation and the measurements are in agreement. According to the results, the power-harvesting circuit can operate for wireless local area network sensor applications.
Design of Compact Dual-Band RF Rectifiers for Wireless Power Transfer and Energy Harvesting
IEEE Access, 2020
In this paper, we propose a compact dual-band impedance matching network (DBIMN) for radio frequency (RF) rectifiers. The DBIMN is achieved with a single-stage T-type network, with only three segments of the transmission line. We investigate the closed-form design equations, as a design guideline of the DBIMN. In addition, we propose the design methodology of the rectifier using the DBIMN. For validation, we design two dual-band rectifiers (0.915 and 2.45 GHz), for different input power levels. The rectifier with high input power level, is designed for a wireless power transmission (WPT) system. With a 12 dBm input power, the measured power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) are 81.7 and 73.1% at the working frequencies. The PCEs becomes 69.2 and 64.1% (at −1 dBm input power) for the low-power input rectifier that can be used in an RF energy harvesting (RF-EH) system. The simulated and measured results match each other well. Compared with previous designs, the proposed designs have advantages in compactness and high efficiency.
RF-energy harvesting and wireless power transfer efficiency from digitally modulated signals
2015 IEEE 15th Mediterranean Microwave Symposium (MMS), 2015
The RF-DC conversion efficiency of an RF harvesting circuit when it is excited by digitally modulated signals is investigated. A variety of signals with the same average power but different complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) and peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) properties are applied at the input of a prototype UHF diode rectifier. The rectifier is optimized for maximum efficiency under low average input power levels and the RF-DC conversion efficiency for different output load conditions is evaluated. It is shown that depending on the CCDF and PAPR properties of the applied signal a different optimum load exists which leads to a maximum efficiency.
Novel TriBand RF Rectifier Design for Wireless Energy Harvesting
In this paper, the design of a 10 mW concurrent triband RF rectifier at 1050 , 2050 and 2600 MHz using the high impedance transmission line with two short stubs is presented. Experimental results show that the efficiency is achieved 59.2 % at 1050 MHz, 35.6 % at 2050 MHz and 52.2 % at 2600 MHz. Compared to the state-of-the-art of multi-band rectifiers, the proposed triband rectifier has the ability to harvest RF energy from the corresponding operating frequencies sources. Index Terms— TriBand, Radio frequency (RF), Wireless energy harvesting (WEH), Rectifier.
Quadrature Sandwich Rectenna for Wireless Power Transfer
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS, 2020
This novel work presents a quadrature sandwich rectenna circuit for collecting RF from four input ports at different angles. The scheme's high efficiency and increase in output power are significant for the operation of wireless electronic devices. This work demonstrates the requirements of self-powering. Specifically, simulation efficiency is shown to achieve 77%, and input power is 0 dBm for a 5 KΩ resistance load and dual-band operation. The results of this experiment are encouraging in terms of wireless powering of some devices in wireless telecommunication systems. This scheme can also be applied to radio frequency wireless power transfer and harvesting, and would be useful in industrial, scientific, and medical applications. Furthermore, its mode of operation is sustainable, and it is compact.
International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, 2018
Radio frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) circuits can convert the power of communication signals from radio frequencies (RF) in the environment into direct current and voltage (DC power). In this study, the Greinacher full-wave rectifier circuit topology was combined with a 180 hybrid ring (rat-race) coupler which was a passive RF/microwave circuit. Thus, higher RF-DC conversion efficiency was obtained. First, using the Greinacher rectifier topology, RFEH circuit operating at the center frequency of 1850 MHz was designed. Then, at this frequency, designing of the rat-race coupler having 1000 MHz bandwidth was made. The S-parameter measurements and simulation data of the designed coupler circuit were compared. Finally, the high efficiency rectifier circuit where these two circuits were used together was designed. The proposed rectifier circuit was constructed on 70 × 70 × 1.6 mm 3 FR4 substrate material with a permittivity of 4.3 (ε r = 4.3). The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the rectifier circuit, which had 125 MHz bandwidth at the center frequency of 1850 MHz and was developed with rat-race coupler, was calculated as 71% at 4.7 dBm input power. In addition, with this study, at −15 dBm input power, which was a relatively low power level, 40% PCE value was obtained.
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2018
This paper introduces a novel compact ultraligthweight multi-band RF energy harvester fabricated on a paper substrate. The proposed rectenna is designed to operate in all recently released LTE bands (range 0.79-0.96 GHz; 1.71-2.17 GHz; 2.5-2.69 GHz). High compactness and ease of integration between antenna and rectifier are achieved by using a topology of nested annular slots. The proposed rectifier features an RF-to-dc conversion efficiency in the range of 5 − 16 % for an available input power of-20 dBm in all bands of interest, which increases up to 11 − 30 % at-15 dBm. The rectenna has been finally tested both in laboratory and in realistic scenarios featuring a superior performance to other state-of-the-art RF harvesters on flexible substrates.
A Compact Rectenna System With High Conversion Efficiency for Wireless Energy Harvesting
IEEE Access, 2018
A novel coplanar waveguide-fed rectenna with high efficiency is proposed and implemented in this paper for 2.45-GHz Bluetooth/ wireless local area network applications. The antenna has compact dimensions of 18 mm × 30 mm, which is simulated and manufactured using a low-cost FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. A tuning stub technique with rectangular slots is used for better impedance matching and enhancing the impedance bandwidth of the antenna with a peak gain of 5.6 dB. The proposed novel antenna for RF energy harvesting applications exhibits dipolelike radiation pattern in H-plane and omnidirectional pattern in E-plane with improved radiation efficiency. Single-stage Cockcroft-Walton rectifier with L-shaped impedance-matching network is designed in advance design system and fabricated on FR4 substrate. The dc output of the rectenna is measured as 3.24 V with a load resistance of 5 k. A simulated peak conversion efficiency of 75.5% is attained, whereas the measured one is observed to be 68% with an input signal power of 5 dBm at 2.45 GHz. INDEX TERMS Rectennas, printed antennas, Wi-Fi, WLAN, ultrawideband, wireless energy harvesting.
Rectenna Systems for RF Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer
Wireless Energy Transfer Technology [Working Title], 2019
With the rapid development of the wireless systems and demands of low-power integrated electronic circuits, various research trends have tended to study the feasibility of powering these circuits by harvesting free energy from ambient electromagnetic space or by using dedicated RF source. Wireless power transmission (WPT) technology was first pursued by Tesla over a century ago. However, it faced several challenges for deployment in real applications. Recently, energy harvesting and WPT technologies have received much attention as a clean and renewable power source. Rectenna (rectifying antenna) system can be used for remotely charging batteries in several sensor networks at internet of things (IoT) applications as commonly used in smart buildings, implanted medical devices and automotive applications. Rectenna, which is used to convert from RF energy to usable DC electrical energy, is mainly a combination between a receiving antenna and a rectifier circuit. This chapter will present several designs for single and multiband rectennas with different characteristics for energy harvesting applications. Single and multiband antennas as well as rectifier circuits with matching networks are introduced for complete successful rectenna circuit models. At the end of the chapter, a dual-band rectenna example is introduced with a detailed description for each section of the rectenna.
RF ENERGY HARVESTING AND WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER
IASET, 2013
Radio Frequency Energy harvesting is a research topic of increasing interest, related to sustainability, which could become a promising alternative to existing energy resources. RF energy harvesting holds a promise able future for generating a small amount of electrical power to drive partial circuits in wirelessly communicating electronic devices. The paper will show all the activities addressed to design a wideband system to recover wideband energy from electromagnetic sources present in the environment. The main idea is to develop battery-free wireless sensors able to capture the available energy into the mentioned bandwidth. The energy of RF waves used by devices can be harvested and used to operate in more effective and efficient way. This paper highlights the performance of energy harvesting in an efficient way by using a simple voltage doubler. With slight modifications we attained high output voltage from harvested RF energy.