RECORD OF NATURAL INFESTATION OF THE INDIAN LAC INSECT, Kerria lacca (KERR) (COCCOIDEA:TACHARDIIDAE) ON Prosopis cineraria (L.) DRUCE., Calliandra surinamensis BENTH. AND Ficus carica L. IN PRAYAGRAJ DISTRICT OF EASTERN UTTAR PRADESH (original) (raw)
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Record of lac insect occurrence in Maharashtra
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 2022
In the present study intensive surveys were conducted in 36 districts of Maharashtra state during the period 2015 to 2019 under the ICAR funded "Network Project on Conservation of Lac Insect Genetic Resources" to record the district level occurrence of lac insect on different host plants and in-situ for exsitu conservation. During the survey information was taken from concerned Forest department, traders and farmers at block level in each of the surveyed districts. Randomly different lac host plants were also observed for identifying lac insect species on different host plants. The live lac insect population were traced through observations and through binoculars or visually. In the survey, lac insect occurrence was observed in 115 sites of 26 districts of Maharashtra on 10 different host plants species. Survey revealed maximum lac insect occurrence on Ficus religiosa in 46 sites (39.70%) followed by Butea monosperma in 34 sites ((29.30%), Albizia saman in 19 sites (16.4%), Ficus racemosa in 5 sites (4.31%), Ficus bengalansis and Ficus amphissimma in 3 sites (2.59%), Pithocobium dulce, Zizyphus mauritiana in 2 sites (1.72) whereas minimum occurrence sites were reported on Albizia lebbek and Ficus citrifolia in only one site (0.86%). Maximum lac insect occurrence sites were reported from Gondia in 26 sites (22.6%) followed by Washim in 10 sites (8.62%), Parbhani, Hingoli in both 8 sites (6.90%), Gadchiroli in 07 sites (6.03%), Nanded in 6 site (5.17%), Buladana, Jalna, Latur, Ahmednagar in each 5 sites (4.31%), Solapur in 4 sites (3.45%), Nashik, Bhandara, Aurangabad in each 3 sites (2.61), Beed, Osmanabnad, Satara, Sangli, Dhule and Nandurbar in each 2 sites (2.59). Minimum occurrence sites of lac insect were reported from Akola, Jalgaon, Mumbai, Chandrapur, Yavatmal and Pune in only one site (0.86%). During the present study colour variation of lac insects were also observed from 116 lac insect occurrence sites of Maharashtra. There are only 2 colour found these are crimson and yellow. Crimson lac insect was reported from 70 sites of 17 districts and Yellow lac insect reported from 37 sites of 13 districts while mixed lac insect populations (Crimson and yellow) reported from 8 sites of 3 districts of Maharashtra.
Natural occurrence of lac insect, Kerria lacca and its conservation in Jammu and Kashmir
2020
Surveys were conducted in various districts of Jammu region namely, Jammu, Samba, Kathua, Udhampur, Reasi and Rajouri, for searching sample lac insect (Keria sp.; Kerriidae: Hemiptera) on naturally infected trees of Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana) during June to December, 2014 to 2017. It was found that natural occurrence is highly threatened through human interventions, inclining temperature during summer coupled with the occurrence of parasitoids and predators. Eleven strains of Rangeeni insects were collected and maintained insitu and exsitu. The density of settlement of lac insect ranged between 48.3 to 162.0 no. of crawlers/cm 2 in Rangeeni strain on Flamengia. The range of resin output per cell as 5.60-8.15 mg for summer crop of Rangeeni strain. Conservation initiatives enhanced the frequency of natural occurrence of lac insect in the region with 13.5 per cent increased. For in situ conservation, a gene bank was established wherein sufficient quantity of natural lac was multiplied on the bushy host and distributed on the 475 host plants for four small scale demonstrations. The mean yield per tree on ber was 12.8 kg (brood lac) and 1.86 kg mature lac. On the basis of these trials it was concluded that cultivation of lac has high potential for sustaining livelihood for both men and women particularly in the off-agricultural season in this lac growing regions of the country.
Occurrence Of Lac Insect And Its Host Plants In Madhya Pradesh
Indian Journal of Entomology
Lac insect occurrence was observed in 302 locations, and samples of 267 populations belonging to Rangeeni and 35 from Kusmi strains were collected. A total of 17 host plants belonging to 7 genera were observed with live lac encrustation. Maximum frequency of occurrence was seen on Palas in 133 sites (44.03%) followed by Pipal in 97 sites (32.11%), Kusum- 35 sites (11.60%), Ber- 15 sites (4.97%) and other 13 lac hosts in 22 sites. Maximum lac insect occurrence in terms of sites were reported from Seoni (49- 16.2%), followed by Mandla (42- 13.9%), Balaghat (39- 12.9%), Hoshangabad (13- 4.3%), Chhindwara (10- 3.31%) and other 41 districts of Madhya Pradesh (149 sites). During the study, 2 colour variants were observedthese are crimson (236 sites) and yellow (62 sites0 and crimson-yellow (mixed- 4 sites). The study listed 167 lac cultivation sites, of which the maximum cultivated sites were from Seoni district (49 sites- 29.30%) followed by Balaghat (39 sites- 23.40%), Mandla (30 sites-...
Occurrence of lac insects and their host plants in tamil nadu and Kerala
Indian Journal of Entomology, 2018
Occurrence of natural populations of lac insects (Hemiptera: Tachardiidae) were observed on Amherstia nobilis at Thrissur of Kerala; on Albizia saman at Madurai, Salem, Vellore and Thiruvallur of Tamil Nadu and on Ficus religiosa at Erode and Vellore of Tamil Nadu. Dead lac insects were observed on A. saman, at Thenkasi and Theni in Tamil Nadu. Albizia saman, Albizia lebbek, Ficus religiosa, Ficus bengalensis and Ziziphus mauritiana were the most common lac host plants found in surveyed areas, but lac insect populations were observed only at some locations. The survey led to identification of two new species of Kerria. The molecular analysis based on cox1 sequence classified the collected lac insects from Tamil Nadu and Kerala under rangeeni strain. Newly collected lac insect lines from Tamil Nadu and Kerala clustered with K. lacca in phylogenetic tree. Hence, there is a need for a detailed survey in unexplored parts. The study also revealed that Madurai and Thrissur accessions did not perform well in Jharkhand. Agroecological region wise survey and maintenance is suggested for conserving lac associated faunal and floral diversity.
Quantitative status of population of insects from Lucknow region, Uttar Pradesh, India
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2022
Insects are found everywhere in our nature, yet, their diversity, abundance and characterization in various ecosystems are still not well defined, systematically. The present study was conducted to assess and compare the abundance, species richness and diversity of insects amongst four different spots of Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 746 insects which belonged to 6 insect species and 3 insect orders were collected from the different spots. The ecological parameters like evenness index, Margalef index, Shannon diversity index, Simpson index, Simpson diversity index and effective number of species were analysed to determine the population status of insects. The findings illustrated that the most abundant group of insects was Hymenoptera followed by Lepidoptera and Orthoptera, respectively. Notably, the differential biodiversity of insects and the variations in associated ecological parameters were observed due to the deviations in the environmental factors of four spots. Among four spots, spot 2 (Capital Public School) illustrated the highest Shannon diversity index (1.762), Simpson diversity index (0.829) and Margalef index (0.984). Thus, the assessed insect's diversity and other intended ecological parameters can be beneficial to build the strategic frameworks for setting up the agro-based economic standards of a particular region.
Diversity of Natural Enemies Associated with Lac Insect Kerria lacca (Kerr) in Punjab
Indian Journal of Entomology
A survey was conducted to record the diversity of lac insect Kerria lacca (Kerr) associated natural enemies (predators/ parasitoids) during 2019-2020. In katki crop, the abundance of natural enemies ranged from 1.08 to 44.09%. There were three parasitoids viz, Parechthrodryinus clavicornis (Cameron) (1.08%), Aprostocteus purpureus (Cameron) (26.88%), Tachardiaephagus tachardiae somervilli (2.15%); and two predators; Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (5.38%), Eublemma amabilis (44.09%) and only one hyperparasitoid viz; Bracon greeni (Ashm.) (20.43%). Shannon-Weiner diversity index, evenness index and dominance index for natural enemies was found to be 0.67, 0.80 and 0.20. In baisakhi crop, the abundance ranged from 6.56 to 45.90% with maximum abundance of predator E. amabilis (45.90%) and the least of parasitoid T. tachardiae How. (6.56%); and the Shannon-Weiner diversity index, evenness index and dominance index was 0.65, 0.77 and 0.23, respectively.
Diversity of insect species along with their host in Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017
A survey was conducted to study the diversity of insect species between 2013-14to 2015-16 in Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat. Geographically, Jorhat is located at116 Meters (381 ft) above MSL and 26.75°N latitude and 94.22°E longitude. Insect specimens were collected from different ecosystems of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat. The result of the diversity study revealed that Coleopteran (64 species) dominated the other insect fauna followed by Lepidoptera (38species), Diptera (25 species) Hymenoptera (22 species), Odonata (19 species) and Hemiptera (11 species). All total 179 insect species were collected and the species were identified with the help of existing literature. On the whole, the experimental site showed a high diversity of insect species. The presence of different insect species is the indication that the studied site has a good potential resource for better cultivation. The knowledge compiled here will provide useful information for future studies aiming to...
EXPLORATION OF NATIVE PLANTS OF ASSAM FOR HOST PREFERENCE OF LAC INSECT KERRIA CHINENSIS
Field and laboratory experiments were carried out at the Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during October, 2018 to April, 2019 to study the host plant preference of local lac insect Kerria chinensis on eight native plants of Assam viz., Flemingia semialata, F. strobilifera, Indigofera teysmannii, Ficus religiosa, Zizyphus mauritiana, Litchi chinensis, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Cajanus cajan. Results indicated that the maximum productivity of broodlac (0.31± 0.01kg) and longest lifecycle duration (171.92± 2.08 days) was recorded in F. semialata. Study on morphological parameters revealed that the girth of the bark of the plants possesses significant negative correlation with the settlement density of crawlers as well as production of lac. However, trichome density of the bark was found to possess positive but non-significant correlation with the settlement density of crawlers as well as production of lac.
A REVIEW ON INVASIVE INSECT PESTS IN INDIA AND THEIR PREDATORS AND PARASITOIDS
As on date, a total of 32 insect pests have been reported as invasive pests in India, of which 20 species belong to the order Hemiptera, 4 species belong to Lepidoptera, 3 are from Coleoptera, 2 each from Diptera, and Hymenoptera and one Thysanoptera. The invasion of insect pests to India is increasing year by year due to the liberalization of trade and increased movement of humans across the continents. Such kind of biological invasion can be well regarded as biological pollution that causes maximum losses to biodiversity. Invasive species are threats to agricultural biodiversity as well as human and animal health. Though many organizations were involved to curb such invasions, strict implementation of import regulations and international cooperation in trade and commerce, early detection, and taxonomic identification at the entry points will make India safe and secure from such invasive species. Since, these species are non-native and exotic, they have great power of dispersal and adaptation. Owing to the inadequate documentation of all the invasive insect pest species of India, the present review was undertaken.
Entomological Research, 2021
The semi‐organized insect industry of India primarily includes apiculture, sericulture and lac culture. In the last two decades the production of raw silk, including mulberry and “vanya silk”, has doubled. An increasing trend for the country has also been observed with regard to honey and beeswax production. India, moreover, stands in the frontline for lac production, but there is immense scope to expand insect‐based ventures. For example, sericultural products other than silk come to mind and with regard to apiculture honey, and beeswax need not be the only bee‐based commercial items. Insects other than honey bees can be used as food and feed or in the decomposition of waste; some species can be reared and even domesticated as pollinators. In this paper we discuss these unexplored sections, which could open up promising possibilities for the insect‐based industry in India as well as other countries.