The Relationship Between Widths of Upper Anterior Teeth and Facial Widths (original) (raw)
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World Journal of Dentistry
Introduction: Various anthropometric measurements have been used to determine the size of maxillary anterior teeth. However, which anthropometric measurement is the most reliable indicator to determine the width of maxillary anterior teeth remains unclear. Aims and objectives: To evaluate which anthropometric measurement is the most reliable indicator in determining the width of maxillary anterior teeth. Materials and methods: An electronic search was conducted for scholarly articles discussing various anthropometric measurements used for determination of width of maxillary anterior teeth, written in English or translated into English listed with PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and Google scholar databases. The search strategy yielded 119 articles. Out of them, 70 were excluded following reading of abstract, and 49 were selected for full-text reading. Of these, 21 were excluded based on exclusion criteria. Finally, 28 articles were included for final search. Due to heterogenicity of studies, a meta-analysis was not performed. Results: High degree of correlation was seen between interalar width (IAD), interpupillary distance (IPD), bizygomatic width (BW), and width of maxillary anterior teeth, in Indian population, whereas in Saudi population, intercanthal distance (ICD) has high degree of correlation to the width of maxillary anterior teeth, and in Brazilian (mulatto and blacks) population, high degree of correlation was seen between intercommissural width (ICOW) and width of maxillary anterior teeth. Conclusion: The anthropometric measurement used depends on the population group in which it is being used. There is no single anthropometric measurement that can be used to determine the width of maxillary anterior teeth. Hence, more studies with large sample size and different population groups need to be conducted. Clinical significance: In Indian population, high degree of correlation was seen between IAD, IPD, BW, and width of maxillary anterior teeth. The results of the previous study should be validated by including a large population size spread over entire Indian subcontinent. This would also help to generate multiplication factor for various anthropological measurements for use limited to the Indian population.
Background and Aim: Esthetics is one of the important treatment goals in prosthetic dentistry. Appropriate selection of anterior teeth with respect to size and shape plays an important role in achieving optimal esthetic outcomes. Using the extraoral indicators is a common method to determine the size of the teeth. In this study, the correlation between the facial widths (in bizygomatic and intercondylar areas) and the mesiodistal width of maxillary central incisors was analyzed. Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 qualified students, 50 females and 50 males. Two facial widths comprising Intercondylar width -distance between two approximately Beyron hinge axis-and bizygomatic width -two most convex points of zygomatic arch-were marked and measured by a facebow and a digital caliper. Mesiodistal maxillary central incisors' widths were measured by a digital caliper. The collected data were analyzed via Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The mesiodistal width of right central incisor was 8.47±0.56. The mesiodistal width of left central incisor was 8.54±0.64.The bizygomatic width was 126.15±6.74. The intercondylar width was 131.43±5.41. There was no correlation between bizygomatic width and central incisors (P>0.05) and a weak correlation between intercondylar width and central incisors in Iranian community. Conclusion: Facial width is not recommended as a suitable landmark for estimating the mesiodistal width of maxillary central incisors.
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia, 2021
The relationship between facial measurements and the size of the maxillary anterior teeth in the Malaysian population is still a point of contention. Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish a relationship between facial measurements and the mesiodistal width of the maxillary anterior teeth (MDW), which could be used to guide the selection of anterior teeth for complete denture construction. Methods: The facial and dental measurements were obtained directly from 170 Malay adults aged between 19 to 35 who had morphologically normal permanent maxillary anterior teeth from canine to canine. The facial dimensions measured were interpupillary distance (IPD), intercanthal distance (ICD) and interalar distance (IAD). The facial dimensions were measured using a digital vernier calliper while the mesiodistal width of the maxillary anterior teeth was measured with a flexible ruler. The three facial dimensions were correlated with MDW for both genders. Results: The IPD and IAD wer...
Evaluation of Co-Relation between Philtral Width and Maxillary Central Incisors Width
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 2018
Aim and Objective: To evaluate the co-relation between philtral and maxillary combined central incisor width in north Indian population. Materials and Methods: Measurement of philtral width was done by measuring the width of philtrum with digital vernier calipers (to the fraction of 1/10th of a millimeter). Measurement of width of central incisor was done intraorally with a digital vernier caliper. Results: There was a mild significant correlation of philtral width with central incisor width (r=0.27, p=0.003). Conclusion: There is a mild significant coorelation between the philtrum width and central incisor width, so we can use the philtrum width to determine the combined central incisor width in north indian population in cases of no pre-extraction records available. Using this result we can easily provide esthetically pleasant maxillary central incisors with proper tooth width and tooth form according to philtrum width and face form.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
The present study aimed to analyze mid horizontal facial third proportions, those being the interpupillary, inner intercanthal, and bizygomatic distance modified with golden proportion, The Preston proportion, golden percentage and 70% recurring esthetic dental proportion were used for determining maxillary anterior teeth width. A total of 230 participants took part in this study. The front dental and facial photographs along dental stone cast which were converted to three-dimensional (3D) models were used for evaluation. The mid horizontal facial third proportions showed no significant relationship with maxillary anterior teeth width without modification with dental proportions. Whereas, with modification, no statistically significant difference was found between inner-intercanthal distance by golden percentage and width of central incisors. The bizygomatic distance was greater than intercanine distance. While the interpupillary distance by golden proportion was found to be consist...
Relation of Maxillary Central Incisors Width to Some Facial Measurements
Journal of Oral and Dental Research, 2017
Background Using the extraoral indicators is a common method to determine the size and shape of the artificial teeth. Aim This study was conducted to assess the relationship between the mesiodistal width of maxillary central incisors and some facial anatomical landmarks (Bizygomatic and Inter-canthal distance). Materials and Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 160 adult students, with the age range between 18-25. Mesiodistal widths of maxillary central incisors and two facial widths (bizygomatic and inter-canthal) were marked and measured by digital caliper to the nearest of 0.01mm. Data were analyzed statistically using SPSS (V-18) software. Results The statistical Analysis demonstrated the correlation of the mesiodistal width of a right central incisor with bizygomatic and inner-canthal widths was significant at P-Value of (P< 0.05), Spearman›s correlation of bizygomatic for male was 0.358 and female was 0.305, and the spearman›s correlation of intercanthal for male was 0.318 and female was 0.312. In the male, the correlation of the mesiodistal width of a left central incisor with bizygomatic and intercanthal widths was weak; Spearman›s correlation was 0.043 for bizygomatic and was 0.123 for intercanthal. While for female, it showed a strong correlation, spearman›s correlation was 0.349 for bizygomatic and was 0.298 for intercanthal. Conclusion The results proposed that the inter-canthal and bizygomatic widths are both good prognostic factor in determining the mesiodistal width of the maxillary right central incisor. Also concluded that the correlation between maxillary central incisor width and bizygomatic and inter-canthal widths could be differed by gender.
Correlation Between Maxillary Anterior Teeth and Common Facial Measurements
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry, 2023
Background: The symmetry between maxillary anterior teeth and the face holds significant importance. This study assessed and analyzed the relationship between facial parameters and anterior teeth in the maxillary arch of male and female subjects. Specifically, individual width and combined width (CW) measurements of the maxillary anterior teeth were investigated. Methods: This study involved a total of 150 dentate Yemeni subjects (74 men and 76 women), whose ages ranged from 18 years old to 30 years old. A maxillary cast was created, and two digital photographs of the face of each subject were taken and analyzed. Digital calipers and AutoCAD were used to gather measurement data of the dental parameters (intercanthal distance [ICD], interpupillary distance [IPD], interalar width [IAW], intercommissural width [ICW], and bizygomatic width [BZW]) and facial parameters (profile distance). Results: Significant correlations were found for the following: IPD and width of six maxillary anterior teeth of each of the study subjects; ICD and their central incisors; and BZW and their canine width measurements. In contrast, IAW and ICW were not correlated with all tooth measurements. Linear regression findings showed that the CW measurement of the four incisors was significantly correlated with all facial parameter measurements, excluding the ICW and IAW in females and the IAW, ICW, and profile distance in males. Conclusion: The IPD and ICD of males and females may be used to determine their CW measurements. The BZW and IPD of males can be used to take precise anthropological measurements of the width of the central canines and incisors. Meanwhile, the IPD distance of females can be used to assess the central and lateral incisor widths.
2021
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between inner canthal distance and maxillary anterior teeth width with respect to age, gender and ethnicity. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, from Aug 2019 to Jan 2020. Methodology: One hundred participants from both genders with full permanent dentition, no interdental space or pathology and facial symmetry were included in this study. The measurements were carried out with digital Vernier caliper. SPSS-25 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean ± SD of inner canthal distance and width of maxillary anterior teeth were 2.99cm ± 0.46 and 3.82cm ± 0.35 respectively. A significant difference was found between gender (p=0.037) and inner canthal distance. The maxillary anterior teeth width and inner canthal distance varies amongst different ethnicities (p=0.01). The inner canthal distance does not vary with advancing age (p=0.87) whereas width of maxillary...