Evaluation of Ovicidal and Larvicidal Effects of Plant Extracts from Family Anacardiaceae Against Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus ( Diptera : Culicidae ) (original) (raw)
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Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 2004
The toxicities of methanol extracts from 28 medicinal plant species to early 4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, Ochlerotatus togoi (Aedes togoi), and Culex pipiens pal/ens were determined in the laboratory. Responses varied according to plant and mosquito species. At a concentration of 100 ppm, >90% mortality of the three species was obtained with the extracts of Cinnamomum cassia bark, Illicium verum fruit, Piper nigrum fruit, Zanthoxylum piperitum fruit, and Kaempferia galanga rhizome. P. nigrum fruit extract gave 100% mortality of larvae of Ae. aegypti and 0. togoi at 5 ppm and 96% mortality of larvae of C. pipiens pal/ens at 2.5 ppm. Z. piperitum fruit extract gave 85, 100, and 48% mortality in larvae of Ae. aegypti, 0. togoi, and Cx. pipiens pal/ens at 10 ppm, respectively. The plants described merit further study as potential mosquito larval control agents.
The current study was aimed to evaluate the larvicidal activity of methanolic crude extracts of Azadirachta indica and Melia azedarach (40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm) against different instars of three mosquito species Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quiquefasciatus. The crude methanolic extracts of A.indica showed highest mortality against A. aegypti, A. stephensi and C. quiquefasciatus in the range of 90.6, 93.37 and 83.6 % respectively at 100 ppm, where as the M. azedarach showed 90.37, 96.37 and 88.3 % against A. aegypti, A. stephensi and C. quiquefasciatus at 100 ppm. The LC50 values of A.indica and M. azedarach were 51.48, 48.26 ppm against A.aegypti, 41.98, 43.32 ppm against A.stephensi and 54.27, 52.82 ppm against C. quiquefasciatus. The results evidenced that the methanolic extracts of A. indica and M. azedarach have potential activity to control the larval instar of A. aegypti, A.stephensi and C.quiquefasciatus.
Larvicidal and synergistic potentials of some plant extracts against Aedes aegypti
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies
Introduction: The phytochemical analysis of the methanol extracts of four plants was determined and assayed for their larvicidal activities against the 4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, aiming to detect the promising ones. Method: The parts of the plants were sampled, dried out and powdered. The powdery parts of the plants were extracted with the help of methanol at room temperature for 3 days, with agitation. The extract was filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting methanol extracts were tested against the 4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. Results: About sixty four percent (64.3%) of the tested extracts had moderate larvicidal activity after 24 hours. The leaf extract of Capsicum annuum was the most active at 1000 ppm. Conclusion: The parts of the plants assayed gave a dissimilar variety of larvicidal potentials, which can be utilized as a control manager for mosquitoes.
Laboratory Study on Larvicidal Activity of Different Plant Extractsagainst Aedes aegypti
2015
Background: Mosquitoes transmit serious human diseases causing millions of deaths every year. Use of synthetic insecticides to control vector mosquitoes has caused physiological resistance and adverse environmental effects in addition to high operational cost. Insecticides of botanical origin have been reported as useful for control of mosquitoes. Methodology: WHO standard larvicidal bioassay method was used and 30 late 3rd and early 4th instar larvae were subjected to four different concentrations i.e. 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% against test solutions which were made by using acetone as solvent. Mortality counts were made every 24 and 48 hours in each treatment. The LC50, LC99, standard error, fiducial limits at 95% confidence and regression equations were calculated. Results: The results showed neem and pine oil extract are best in terms of LC50 and LC99, with 100% mortality at 3% and 4% concentration after 24 hours. The trend with respect to LC50 and LC99 after 48 hours was Pine > Neem...
Journal of Science Innovations and Nature of Earth, 2022
The most effective methods for addressing the problems of insecticide resistance and environmental pollution are expected to be phytochemicals. The current study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of metabolites from three indigenous plan in combination (Argemone mexicana, Tinospora cordifolia, and Prunus persica) in controlling Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. The leaf and seed of Argemone mexicana, Prunus persica, and the leaf of Tinospora cordifolia and two solvents (ethanol and petroleum ether) making a total 7 combination groups (A to G) were used in bioassay to determine LC50 and LC90 values. Combination group- A (ethanolic + ethanolic extracts of seed of Prunus persica and Argemone mexicana) LC50and LC90 values of 70.79 and 169.59 ppm after 24 h post-exposure. Similarly, other combination groups- B, C, D, E, F, and G with LC50 values of 58.88, 74.13, 81.28, 89.12, 61.65, and 57.54 ppm, respectively, and LC90 values of 147.91, 173.78, 229.08, 269.15, 162.18, and 151.35 ppm, respectively, within 24 h. In combination, against the third instar larvae, all the treatments were shown great larvicidal potential (P<0.05). The regression equation showed a dose-dependent mortality, the mortality rate was positively correlated with the concentration. Results showed plant metabolites can be used in combination as eco-friendly insecticides for the control of dengue vectors.
Research, Society and Development
The Aedes aegypti is the main vector of the transmission of diseases such as dengue, yellow fever, Chikungunya, and Zika. The agents used for the control of mosquito involve the use of synthetic compounds, which may cause toxicity and contamination environmental. Aiming to test the effectiveness of natural products, the aim of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal and repellent activity of extracts of Ateleia glazioveana Baill. (timbó) and essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. (manjericão), against A. aegypti. The activities of hydroalcoholic (HEA) and dichloromethane (DEA) extracts from A. glazioveana against A. aegypti larvae were assessed after exposure for 24, 48, and 72 h, using water and Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis as negative and positive controls, respectively. For repellent evaluation, we investigated the sting attempts of A. aegypti in response to the application of HEA- and DEA-based body creams (5%), as well as an alcoholic spray based on the essential oil from...
Larvicidal Effect of Medicinal Plants Against Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Mexico
BioAssay, 2009
Efeito Larvicida de Plantas Medicinais no Controle de Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) no México RESUMO -Alguns fitoquímicos apresentam compostos tóxicos que podem ser explorados no controle de larvas de mosquitos. Sendo assim, o efeito larvicida de extratos aquosos a 0,05% (peso:volume) de 14 plantas medicinais foram avaliadas para o controle de larvas de Aedes aegypti (L.) no México. Os bioensaios foram conduzidos com larvas nos estágios iniciais do quarto instar mediante a submersão das larvas nos extratos. Resultados preliminares com as plantas testadas mostraram que a maior mortalidade foi observada com extratos de macerados e de plantas inteiras. As mortalidades médias obtidas para Solanum nigrescens Martens & Galeotti, Operculina pteripes (G.Don) O'Donell e Phoradendron tamaulipensis Trel. foram 55; 17,5 e 5,8% respectivamente. Posteriormente, foram realizadas bioensaios com plantas de S. nigrescens coletadas mensalmente no campo para avaliar o efeito sazonal na atividade larvicida com diferentes partes da planta. Somente extratos obtidos das raízes maceradas (mortalidade de 83 a 100%) ou inteiras (mortalidade de 88 a 98%) foram letais às larvas de A. aegypti. As mortalidades mensais médias obtidas com extratos de raízes maceradas ou inteiras de S. nigrescens foram 91,6 e 93,3% respectivamente.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018
In order to develop an environment-friendly botanical mosquito larvicide alternative to the chemical larvicides, extracts were made from the leaves of Hyptis suaveolens, Lantana camara, Nerium oleander, and Tecoma stans with three organic solvents such as methanol (ME), chloroform (CH), and petroleum ether (PE) using a Soxhlet extractor. The plant extracts were screened for larvicidal activity individually and in combination against the larvae of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus as per WHO protocol. Among the extracts, the maximum larvicidal activity was shown by the PE extract of L. camara (LC 50 10.63 mg/ L) followed by the PE extract of T. stans (LC 50 19.26 mg/L), ME extract of N. oleander (LC 50 35.82 mg/L), and PE extract of H. suaveolens (LC 50 38.39 mg/L) against Cx. quinquefasciatus. In the case of Ae. aegypti, the PE extract of T. stans showed maximum activity with LC 50 value of 55.41 mg/L followed by H. suaveolens (LC 50 64.49 mg/L), PE extract of L. camara (LC 50 74.93 mg/L), and ME extract of N. oleander (LC 50 84.09). A blend of these four extracts resulted in a combination with corresponding LC 50 values of 4.32 and 7.19 mg/L against Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti. The predator safety factors were 12.55 and 20.88 for Gambusia affinis with respect to Aedes and Culex larvae for the extract combination. Chemical constituents in extracts were also identified by FT-IR and GC-MS data. The present investigations suggest the possible use of this blend of botanical extracts as an ideal ecofriendly, larvicide against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae.
Tropical biomedicine, 2010
Larvicidal activity of crude chloroform, dichloromethane and methanol extracts of the leaves and roots of six Indian plants, Aegle marmelos L., Balanites aegyptica L., Calotropis gigantica L., Murraya koenigii L., Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. and Plumbago zeylanica L., were tested against the early fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti L. and Anopheles stephensi. The larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. All extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects. However, the highest larval mortality was found in methanol extracts of P. zeylanica roots and B. aegyptica roots against Ae.aegypti (LC50 169.61 mg/lit, 289.59 mg/lit) and An.stephensi (LC50 222.34 mg/lit, 102.29 mg/lit), respectively. The methanol extracts of plants were more effective than the other extracts. This is an ideal eco-friendly approach aid for the control of mosquito species, Ae. aegypti, and An.stephensi.