Distributed Accounting on the Grid (original) (raw)
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Athey: Distributed Accounting on the Grid
The Internet has been engineered over the last thirty years to interconnect devices across the globe in an adaptable and fault-tolerant manner. Along with the development of the Internet, a suite of distributed applications ranging from electronic mail to the World Wide Web that rely upon the global Internet have grown in use and scope in parallel with the universal deployment and use of the Internet. By the late 1990’s, the Internet was adequately equipped to move vast amounts of data between HPC systems, and efforts were initiated to link together the national infrastructure of high performance computational and data storage resources together into a general computational utility “grid”, analogous to the national electrical power grid infrastructure.
Gustav: CPU accounting for small-sized grid infrastructures
International Journal of Grid and Utility Computing, 2012
Geographically distributed computational infrastructures, based on the grid paradigm, are increasingly coming out of the research sphere where they originated, presenting themselves as a candidate for low-effort business solution for accessing and using vast computing infrastructures, much larger than those that small-to-medium enterprises can usually afford building 'in house'. In such scenario, accounting and billing systems play a key role, as any business model cannot opt out of instruments showing who has used how many resources in a given period of time. For this reason, several grid middleware accounting systems have been developed in the last years. Such accounting systems are generally targeted for large-sized infrastructures. However, sometimes different needs arise, especially for smaller grid sites participating in large distributed infrastructures. Gustav aims to fulfil some of these requirements in a simple and reliable way, and could be considered as an alternative approach to CPU accounting for grid sites.
MUAT: An Environment for Accounting and Characterization of the Use of Computational Grids
2005
The use of computational grids, which allow sharing distributed re- sources to achieve high processing power, has been spreading and acquiring importance lately (mostly in business environments). When the grid is em- ployed in an inter-institutional, decentralized manner, it becomes necessary to characterize and account the use of the infrastructure to identify the most used resources, the number of services executed, who contributes with more re- sources, and so on. The management tools available are limited to monitor the status of environment resources, such as CPU load and memory usage, neglect- ing statistical and historical data about the execution of applications on the grid. To bridge this gap, the paper presents MUAT (MyGrid/OurGrid Usage Ac- counting Tool), an environment that aims to evaluate the use of computational grids infrastructures based on MyGrid/OurGrid solutions.
MUAT: An Environment for Accounting and Characterization of the Use of Computational Grids1
The use of computational grids, which allow sharing distributed resources to achieve high processing power, has been spreading and acquiring importance lately (mostly in business environments). When the grid is employed in an inter-institutional, decentralized manner, it becomes necessary to characterize and account the use of the infrastructure to identify the most used resources, the number of services executed, who contributes with more resources, and so on. The management tools available are limited to monitor the status of environment resources, such as CPU load and memory usage, neglecting statistical and historical data about the execution of applications on the grid. To bridge this gap, the paper presents MUAT (MyGrid/OurGrid Usage Accounting Tool), an environment that aims to evaluate the use of computational grids infrastructures based on MyGrid/OurGrid solutions.
PhoenixAccount: A Grid Accounting System for the Distributed Resource Sharing
2008 Seventh International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing, 2008
In this paper, we introduce a grid accounting system for the grid economy, called PheonixAccount. Focuses on the issue that the accounting in the grid economy need not only to motivate the resource contribution, but the control of the resource sharing, PhoenixAccount proposes 1) the close-looped use of virtual currency; 2) a new user payment model with the expression of the time-varying resource utility information and a resource price model which record the resource price in the form of price per time unit for each job; 3) the LOPI funding injection and resource charging model. In the performance experiments, the computational and economic efficiency of user jobs with PhoenixAccount are measured. .The experiment results show that PhoenixAccount can support to take the funding as a form of user priority and motivate the resource contribution.
Enhanced Accounting Scheme for Grid Computing Architecture
International Journal of Computer Applications, 2012
This research developed a modification to the Grid Accounting Scheme (GridBank) by formulating a model to enhance the scheme. The enhanced scheme was simulated and its performance was evaluated. Thiswas done with a view to eliminating the manual mode of processing as well as speed up transactions and reduce time delay. The PayPal layer was added to the existing three layers which enhanced the scheme to allow for the automation of the GridBank administration module. The enhanced scheme was formulated using the web service approach that allowed cross platform interoperability. The results of the simulation showed that as the number of users increased, the processing time gradually reduced for the enhanced scheme which made its processing delay to be reduced. Also as the number of available resources increased the enhanced scheme scaled the load properly. These showed improvements over the existing scheme. It was concluded that the enhanced accounting scheme provided the required automation for efficient and secure grid accounting operations.
Grid Accounting Service Infrastructure for Service-Oriented Grid Computing Systems
In this paper, we propose an architecture of accounting and payment services for service-oriented grid computing systems. The proposed accounting and payment services provide the mechanisms for service providers to be paid for authorized use of their resources. It supports the recording of usage data, secure storage of that data, analysis of that data for purposes of billing and so forth. It allows a variety of payment methods, it is scalable, secure, convenient, and reduce the overall cost of payment processing while taking into account requirements of Grid computing systems.
2006
The SweGrid Accounting System (SGAS) allocates capacity in collaborative Grid environments by coordinating enforcement of Grid-wide usage limits to offer usage guarantees and prevent overuse. SGAS employs a credit-based allocation model where Grid capacity is granted to projects via Grid-wide quota allowances that can be spent across the Grid resources. The resources collectively enforce these allowances in a soft, real-time manner. SGAS is built on service-oriented principles with a strong focus on interoperability and Web services standards. This article covers the SGAS design and implementation, which besides addressing inherent Grid challenges (scale, security, heterogeneity, decentralization) emphasizes generality and flexibility to produce a customizable system with lightweight integration into different middleware and scheduling system combinations. We focus the discussion around the component design; a flexible allocation model; middleware integration experiences; scalabilit...
Practical Applications in Grid Computing
Grid computing is an emerging concept which is driving the computing industry today. With the advent of a grid, computing will become a utility on tap just like water or power. Users in fields like business process re-engineering, accounting, finance and low cost non applied research, are ready to take advantage of grid computing. However going by the feedback of sample respondents, if grid computing is to be widely accepted, it still needs to overcome certain roadblocks both at technical level like security issues and at conceptual level like sharing of systems, considered personal till now. A feasibility study of installing a grid in a small community with wide bandwidth connectivity shows it to be a feasible and useful proposition.