Effect of Three-year Multi-Component Exercise Training on Bone Mineral Density and Content in a Postmenopausal Woman with Osteoporosis: A Case Report (original) (raw)
Related papers
2015
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of 3-years of moderate multi-component exercise training on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in a female subject with osteoporosis. A 57-year-old postmenopausal woman, a known case of osteoporosis following an accident, participated in this study. Bone mineral density and bone mineral content was measured in the femoral neck area and the lumbar spine by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The measurements lasted four years, first year without any exercise training and three succeeding years with exercise intervention. After three years of exercise training, bone mineral density and bone mineral content were improved in both regions, despite the increase in age and decrease in weight. This case highlights the importance of exercise training in maintaining and increasing bone mineral density and bone mineral content of the spine and hip in postmenopausal women. Considering its positive effects, regular and lifelong exercise training must be incorporated into peoples' life due to the chronic nature of bone loss in aging process.
Sensors
This study aims to introduce a resistance training protocol (6 repetitions × 70% of 1 maximum repetition (1RM), followed by 6 repetitions × 50% of 1RM within the same set) specifically designed for postmenopausal women with osteopenia/osteoporosis and monitor the effect of the protocol on bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine, assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The subjects included in the study were 29 postmenopausal women (56.5 ± 2.8 years) with osteopenia or osteoporosis; they were separated into two groups: the experimental group (n = 15), in which the subjects participated in the strength training protocol for a period of 6 months; and the control group (n = 14), in which the subjects did not take part in any physical activity. BMD in the lumbar spine was measured by DEXA. The measurements were performed at the beginning and end of the study. A statistically significant increase (Δ% = 1.82%) in BMD was observed at the end of the study for the exercise...
The Effect of Weighted Exercises on Bone Mineral Density in Post Menopausal Women
Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 2005
Purpose: Osteoporosis is both preventable and treatable with exercise playing an important role in osteogenesis. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine which specific exercise programs utilizing weights were effective in maintaining or increasing bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Methods: A computerized search of the MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, and Science Citation databases was conducted for the period 1990 through February 2005. The search was performed using English language-only keyword searches using MESH terms osteoporosis, postmenopausal, exercise, weight training, and bone mineral density. A total of 20 articles was critically evaluated for the quality of an intervention study using the criteria developed by MacDermid. An expert on the topic was asked to review the list of articles for omissions. Results: The review revealed evidence to support the effectiveness of weight training exercises to increase BMD in postmenopausal women. The increases in BMD were site-specific and required high loading with a training intensity of 70% to 90% of 1 RM for 8 to 12 repetitions of 2 to 3 sets performed over one year duration. Conclusion: Weighted exercises can help in maintaining BMD in postmenopausal women and increasing BMD of the spine and hip in women with osteopenia and osteoporosis. The exercise program must be incorporated into a lifestyle change and be lifelong due to the chronic nature of bone loss in older women.
Purpose - The aim of this study was to examine the effect of high - impacts exercises program based on weightbearing and strengthening exercises in improve bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis.Material and Methods – This study included 46 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or osteopenia whose diagnoses were made by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) showing T-scores of less than -2.5 and in a range of -1 to -2.5, respectively, aged between 43 and 65 years. Subjects were divided into two groups, the experimental group (N=23) and the control group (N=23).The experimental group followed a multiple therapy based on medication, a diet and exercises program (high - impacts exercises), while the control group was submitted only to diet and medication. Areal bone mineral density (BMD) and T-score was measured on the lumbar spine (L1–L4) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry– DEXA ( Osteocore Medilink) at baseline and after 12 months of exerci...
The impact of exercising on bone mineral density in women
Journal of exercise, sports & orthopedics, 2014
The reduction in Bone Mineral Density is important during the ageing process because it can be a potential manifestation of osteoporosis. Aim: The objective was to assess the impact of exercise on bone mineral density in women. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted under the supervision of a physical therapist focused on the bone mineral density of ageing women. One hundred women, 60 years of age or older, were included in the study and underwent bone mineral density evaluation before and after administering two types of exercise. Results: Only 58.8% of the participants had undergone bone mineral density evaluation at some time before the study, and 74.4% were sedentary. No significant difference was found between vertebral and femoral bone mineral density before and after the intervention in both groups. No correlation was found between the evolution of bone mineral density and the age of menarche. Conclusion: Exercise, with or without supervision, also helped to maintain bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, who would have a natural tendency to experience bone mineral density loss.
Osteoporosis International, 2006
It is an important aim in the prevention of osteoporosis to stop or decelerate bone loss during the early postmenopausal years. Here we report on results of the 3-year EFOPS exercise trial in osteopenic women. The exercise strategy emphasized low-volume high-resistance strength training and high-impact aerobics. Forty-eight fully compliant women (55.1±3.3 years) with no medication or illness affecting bone metabolism participated in the exercise group (EG); 30 women (55.5±3.0 years) served as non-training controls (CG). At baseline there were no significant between-group differences with respect to physical fitness, bone mineral density, pain and nutritional status. The training consisted of two group training and two home training sessions per week. The study participants of both groups were individually supplemented with calcium and vitamin D (cholecalciferol). Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by DXA at the lumbar spine, proximal femur and distal forearm and by QCT at the lumbar spine. Speed of sound and broadband ultrasound attenuation were determined at the calcaneus by quantitative ultrasound (QUS). Pain frequency and intensity at different skeletal sites were assessed via questionnaire. After 38 months, the following within-group changes were measured: DXA lumbar spine, EG: 0.8% n.s.; CG: −3.3% P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P
Journal of physical activity & health, 2008
It is known that people affected by osteopenia/osteoporosis can benefit from an adequate amount of physical activity, counteracting the progressive loss of bone and muscle mass caused by aging. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that exercise has positive effects on bone structure. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects on bone tissue and muscular strength of a short-term exercise program in osteopenic/osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Forty-nine osteopenic/osteoporotic postmenopausal women were divided into 2 groups: exercise and control. All subjects underwent 2 evaluations: before and after a training period. Bone quality was assessed by phalangeal quantitative osteosonography, and maximal strength of leg extensor muscles was also evaluated. The experimental group participated in a specific supervised 20-week physical activity program that included aerobic, balance, and strength training. After the training period, all bone parameters and lower-limb maximal strengt...
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2002
Exercise effects on fitness and bone ¢ mineral density in early postmenopausal women: 1-year EFOPS results. Med. £ Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 34, No. 12, pp. 2115-2123, 2002. Purpose: To determine the effect of an intense exercise training on physical fitness, coronary heart disease (CHD), bone mineral density (BMD), and parameters related to quality of life in early postmenopausal women with osteopenia. Methods: Fifty-nine fully compliant women (55.1 ¤ 3.4 yr) without any medication or illness affecting bone metabolism took part in intensive exercise training (¥ 2 sessions per week); 41 women served as nontraining control. Both groups received calcium and vitamin D (cholecalciferol) up to ¦ a maximum of 1500 mg·d § 1 calcium and 500 IU·d¨1 vitamin D. Bone density of the lumbar spine and hip (DXA Hologic QDR 4500), maximum isometric and dynamic strength (Schnell M3, Schnell-Trainer), V O 2max (ZAN 600), and quality of life parameters including © vasomotor symptoms related to menopause were measured at baseline and after 14 months. Results: After 14 months, there were significant differences between exercise and control groups concerning changes of bone density (LS exercise: 1.3%, P 0.001 vs control: 1.2%, P 0.001), maximum isometric strength (exercise: 11 to 32% (P 0.001) vs control: 1.1 to 3.9%), V O 2max (exercise: ! 11% (P " 0.001) vs control: # 4% $ (P % 0.05)), and quality of life parameters (e.g., lower back pain). Dynamic strength (1RM tests) at four exercises, which was assessed in the exercise group only, increased significantly by 15-43% (all P & 0.001). Conclusion: The intense exercise training program presented here was effective in improving strength, endurance, quality of life parameters, ' and even BMD in women in their critical early postmenopausal years.
The Effect of Weight Bearing Exercise on Bone Mineral Density of Premenopausal Women
2017
Introduction: Maintaining optimal level of bone mineral density during Premenopause plays an important role in reducing the risk (relative risk of 1.5-3 times mire) of osteoporosis and the subsequent fractures in post-menopausal , therefore aim of this study was to explore the effect of weight-bearing exercise on bone mineral density of premenopausal women. Materials and Methods : In this semi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group design, 20 premenopausal women in the 40 to 45 age range were randomly selected and distributed in two experimental and control groups. Experimental group completed 12 weeks of training, three times a week and 70 minutes per session. Before and after the period of 12 weeks, femoral bone mineral density in all samples were measured by DEXA bone mineral densitometry. We used K-S test for normality assumption, independent sample t-test in within-subject design and paired t-test, ANCOVA for between-subject design. Significance level was 0.05 SPSS-21...