Use of Phytoremediation for the Treatment of Kitchen Wastewater (original) (raw)

A Review on Phytoremediation A Sustainable Solution for Treatment of Kitchen Wastewater

2017

Water contamination is a major problem world is facing today and the kitchen waste is one of the important factors. The kitchen waste water contamination consists of mainly micro-organisms, toxic organic and inorganic matter. It is found that phytoremediation is one of the effective methods for the removal of pollutants from water and soil. Phytoremediation consist of media beds, plants, micro-organisms which is mainly depends on physical, chemical and biological activity to remove the contaminants. Phytoremediation reduce the pollutant concentration, such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, total dissolved solid, Total Solids solid, Total Phosphorus, Total nitrogen from the kitchen wastewater as plants play a great role in the removal of pollutants. This paper focused on the treatment of kitchen wastewater by phytoremediation.

Effectiveness of Phytoremediation Treatment of Pre-Treated Domestic Wastewater

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology, 2021

Wastewater contamination which causes health, environmental and economic impacts is one of the most common environmental issues. Several methods have been used for the upgrade of the existing wastewater treatment facilities, nevertheless, the application of phytoremediation treatment is a promising and environmentally friendly method to avoid the secondary contaminations posed by the treatment dosage in other advanced treatment methods. The current work aimed to assess the phytoremediation treatment of the pre-treated domestic wastewater using the Salvinia molesta and water hyacinth plants. The water quality tests were performed in the current research to evaluate the effects of the phytoremediation treatment using the Salvinia molesta and water hyacinth plants on the responses of the water quality parameters. The study focused on varying two main parameters, namely the pH and the hydraulic retention time (HRT), while the removal rate was determined based on the reduction in the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total nitrogen (TN) and turbidity. The optimal removal of COD,

Phytoremediation in Sewage Treatment

2019

Water being the source of life has become a scarce resource in this millennium. Since the limited resource availability, reuse of the available supply is more suggestible. For the said goal, many technologies prevail addressing the task, among which is the technique Phytoremediation. Lots of waste waters get generated from industrial, commercial and domestic origins and are discarded. Phytoremediation converts this wastewater into usable water with the help of plants. This is a very eco-friendly technique which decontaminates the wastewater in a very economical way. This study emphasis on treatment of wastewater using different plants such as Duckweed, water hyacinth etc. It has found that this plant reduces COD, BOD, TDS & Chloride content of waste water with efficiency of 50% with HRT of 2 day. As density of plants increases, the efficiency of treatment also increases. Hence at the end of 2nd day more than half of concentration of the waste is reduced. KeywordsWastewater Treatment...

Treatment of Kitchen Waste Water by Phyto-Remediation

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology IJRASET, 2020

Phyto-remediation technology is a low energy, low maintenance and natural approach to treat domestic sewage. The process is a clean, economic and eco-friendly method used as an alternative to conventional systems. Phyto-remediation System uses ecological principles, which simulate the natural processes for treatment of wastewater. It is a live, self-cleaning biological filter. It removes disease organisms, nutrients, organic loads and a range of other polluting compounds. The breakdown of contaminants and the treatment of wastewater are achieved by the controlled seepage of the waterborne pollutants through a root-zone of plants. Organic pollutants are broken down as a food source for the extraordinary variety of microorganisms that are present in the soil and plants. Other contaminants like heavy metals are fixed in humic acid and cation exchange bonds in the soil or mineral substrate in which these plants are rooted. The complexity of microbial life forms and the powerful reaction in the Root zone of the plants result in cleansing capacity that adapts to change in a very dynamic way.

Phytoremediation: A Promising Approach Towards the Decontamination of Wastewater

Due to industrialization and increasing population, the quality of water is degraded on a daily basis which includes heavy metals ions from municipal as well as industrial activities which will impact on ecosystem and the health of people. Water quality is disturbed daily by various inorganic and organic pollutants of the various strategies developed so far, the phytoremediation technique using aquatic plants is the most preferable. The phytoremediation technique using phytoplant is the most preferred in this review article. The objective of this review article is to focus on Indian species use for decontamination of wastewater preference to the types of wastewaters, types of heavy metal ions, removal of efficiency, and duration.

Decontamination of wastewater with phytoremediation

Waste is a misplaced resource. The municipal solid waste (MSW) or garbage being discarded in millions of tones in the country is undoubtedly a resource; similar is the case with millions of liters of wastewater of domestic origin as plenty of nutrients are being wasted by discharging the sewage without any treatment. Such kind of discharges leads to soil and water pollution which in turn necessitates the need suitable treatment processes which are generally energy and cost intensive. The urban sewage contain wastewater originating from all residential, commercial, market areas and also includes the surface run-off and storm water. Biological removal of contaminants from the contaminated site is known as bioremediation. When plants are used to remove metals / contaminants from the soil or water the term 'Phytoremediation' is used, while algae are used for the same purpose in water medium then it is termed as 'Phycoremediation'.This report deals with the decontamination of wastewater with phytoremediation.

THE DESIGN OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM IN TALL RESIDENTIAL BUILDING USING PHYTORID

Water is needed in all aspects of life and hence forms an essential part of human well-being. Nationally and internationally organizations and institutions are making efforts to provide adequate supply of potable water to every one as it is 'Right to life' and proper handling of this resource would lead to sustainable development. But present day conditions with increasing water demand, urbanization and improper disposal of wastewater pose harm to this process of development. The conditions in cities are worse. Therefore, policy-makers and designers must consider these challenges as opportunities and develop systems which will help in conserving the depleting freshwater resources and use water efficiently and effectively. The residential sector in cities has seen a major increase in water demand in recent years. Water consumption is excepted to grow from 30 billion m 3 to 111 billion m 3 (Source: TERI Presentation dated June 10, 2010) and with the increase in high-rises, water demand is increasing at a much rapid pace. India, therefore, needs to rethink on new water treatment approaches and investigate which technique is appropriate today. While conventional centralized aerobic and anaerobic technologies exist in large setups , they have been found to be operational-energy intensive, require high maintenance and incur high capital cost (Table 1). Keeping this in mind, the present research is focused on developing a decentralized biological wastewater treatment system for tall residential buildings using a patented 'Phytorid' technology developed by National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Mumbai. This technology uses no electricity, requires minimal manpower and uses natural plants in a manner that they achieve the desired treatment levels; and reuse the treated water while becoming part of the landscape and aesthetics. Phytorid for Wastewater treatment: Phytorid uses natural mechanisms to treat the wastewater and is a low cost, natural and efficient alternative to the conventional energy intensive options. Earlier, this technology has been tested and used to treat the lakes, nallahs, domestic wastewater, industrial effluents but has not been tested for its application on tall residential buildings making this research unique. The study included the application and feasibility of Phytorid system and its integration into one of the tall residential building in Mumbai, a growing urban center of India. The treatment bed (Figure 1) is made up of media zone viz., bricks, sand and stone in which aquatic or semi-aquatic plant species such as cattails (Typha sps), elephant grasses (Penniseíum purpurem) canny lily (Canna sps.), dwarf palm (Cyperus alternifolius), arrow arum (Peltandra virginia), elephant ear (Colocasia esculenta), sweet flag (Acorus calamus), woolgrass (Scirpus sps.), yellow flag iris (Iris pseudocorus), soft rush (Juncus effuses), and horsetail (Equisetum hyemale) are grown which help in treating the wastewater with following treatment efficiency. Biochemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids removals averaged between 75-90% and 68-86% respectively while fecal coliform removal about 85-97% in the treatment cells is obtained (NEERI). Nitrogen reductions in the range 50-69% and phosphorus between 45-59% can be obtained.

Phytoremediation of wastewater using aquatic plants, A review

Journal of Applied Research in Water and Wastewater, 2021

Disposal of waste products and residuals into the natural water bodies can have fatal consequences for aquatic ecosystems, posing severe threats to natural habitats and human health. Natural treatment systems are the most suitable treatment technologies for various types of wastewaters, which has attracted much attention in recent years. Phytoremediation is a plant-based technique used to eliminate or recover surplus nutrients in contaminated environments. The use of aquatic plants in wastewater phytoremediation is very efficient due to they have a very significant ability for assimilating and degrading contaminants (e.g., nitrates, phosphates, and heavy metals). Phytoremediation is a relatively new technology that is considered as an operational, efficient, new, and environmentally friendly technology that is still in the early stages of development and optimization. Its application on a large scale is still limited. It should also be noted that a clear vision of this innovation should be taken into account and, accurate data should be made available to the public as it will enhance its efficiency as a manageable solution in the worldwide. Additionally, phytoremediation has been evaluated as a separate low-tech and environmentally friendly green option compared to the existing technologies. The present study attempts to review the recently published literature to explain phytoremediation technology and its advantages in purifying water and wastewater.

Treatment of Urban Sewage Water using Phytoremediation

Land, surface waters, and ground water worldwide, are increasingly affected by contaminations from industrial, research experiments, military, and agricultural activities either due to ignorance, lack of vision, carelessness, or high cost of waste disposal and treatment. Large amount of water is being consumed in agriculture, industry, domestic and municipal use which imposes a further demand on this resource. Every community produces both liquid and solid wastes in day to day life. The water supply of the community results into wastewater after it has been fouled by a variety of uses. Today most of the water bodies are polluted by anthropogenic activities including release of untreated sewage. Hence, there is a gradual decline in the availability of fresh water. Plants act as bio-filters in the wastewater treatment technologies. Interest in phytoremediation as a method to solve environmental contamination has been growing rapidly in recent years. Phytoremediation involves growing plants in a contaminated matrix to remove environmental contaminants by facilitating sequestration and/or degradation (detoxification) of the pollutants. In this paper, marshy plants Colacasia esculenta and Canna indica are used. The studies aim at developing and assessing sewage treatment efficiency through Constructed wetland pilot scale plant for treatment of sewage to recycle and reuse. Treatment site is JNTUH Campus. Parameters to be analyzed: EC, DO, COD, BOD, pH, TDS, TSS, TS, NO 3 , PO 4 , SO 4. The efficiency of the two plants for phytoremediation is compared. The treated water obtained was clear in color and the values indicate that Canna indica is more efficient than the Colacasia esculenta. The future scope of the phytoremediation may ensure the better performance by using the Genetically Modified plants by combining different species for the Phytoremediation technique.