Fullerenol: A new nanopharmaceutic (original) (raw)
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Preparation and Extensive Characterization of Fullerenol C60
Journal of Global Pharma Technology, 2019
Recently, functionalization processes onto the outer surface of Fullerenes such as C60 and C70 with various groups attracted large interesting from scientists, which including convert sp2 hybridization carbon atoms to sp3 hybridization that aim for enhancing its solubility in an organic polar solvent. This work converts the fullerene C60 successfully to hydroxyl functionalized fullerene which called fullerenol C60. The hydroxyl functionalized Fullerene C60 nano-product was characterized using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, AFM, SEM, TEM, EDX, TGA, and XRD examinations, they proved the fullerenol C60 structure and demonstrated the remarkable change in fullerene C60 topography from un-uniform particles to shape like spherical with high aggregation.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2021
Light fullerenes, C 60 and C 70 , have significant potential in biomedical applications due to their ability to absorb reactive oxygen species, inhibit the development of tumors, inactivate viruses and bacteria, and as the basis for developing systems for targeted drug delivery. However, the hydrophobicity of individual fullerenes complicates their practical use; therefore, creating water-soluble derivatives of fullerenes is increasingly important. Currently, the most studied soluble adducts of fullerenes are polyhydroxy fullerenes or fullerenols. Unfortunately, investigations of fullerenol biocompatibility are fragmental. They often lack reproducibility both in the synthesis of the compounds and their biological action. We here investigate the biocompatibility of a welldefined fullerenol C 60 (OH) 24 obtained using methods that minimize the content of impurities and quantitatively characterize the product's composition. We carry out comprehensive biochemical and biophysical investigations of C 60 (OH) 24 that include photodynamic properties, cyto-and genotoxicity, hemocompatibility (spontaneous and photo-induced hemolysis, platelet aggregation), and the thermodynamic characteristics of C 60 (OH) 24 binding to human serum albumin and DNA. The performed studies show good biocompatibility of fullerenol C 60 (OH) 24 , which makes it a promising object for potential use in biomedicine.
Fullerenes: Chemistry and its Applications
Fullerenes being allotropes of carbon, have been considered as new class of molecules. Unlike diamond and graphite, this is made up of hollow carbon cage structure. The idea of spheroidal cage structures of C 60 arose from construction of geodesic domes made by renowned architect Buck-minster Fuller. Although fullerenes have low solubility in physiological media they finds promising biological applications. The photo, electrochemical and physical properties of C 60 and other fullerene derivatives finds applications in medical fields. The ability of fullerenes to fit inside the hydrophobic cavity of HIV proteases makes them potential inhibitor for substrates to catalytic active site of enzyme. It possesses radical scavenging and antioxidant property. At the same time, when it exposed to light it can form singlet oxygen in high quantum yields which with direct electron transfer from excited state of fullerenes and DNA bases finally results in cleav-age of DNA. The fullerenes are also used as a carrier for gene and drug delivery system. The associated low toxicity of fullerenes is sufficient to attract the researchers for investigation of these interesting molecules.
Biological applications of fullerene derivatives: a brief overview
Starting soon after the production of fullerenes in 1990, many efforts have been devoted to the application of C 60 and its derivatives. In fact, [60]fullerene possesses a variety of interesting biological properties, such as HIV-P inhibition, DNA photocleavage, neuroprotection, apoptosis, etc. Unfortunately, the low solubility in biological fluids limits the use of these compounds as new pharmacophores for structure-activity relationship studies in medicinal chemistry. This article briefly summarizes recent studies on the functionalization of C 60 aimed at increasing water solubility as well as the preliminary studies performed on biological targets. In particular, the HIV-P inhibition, DNA photocleavage and antibacterial activity are discussed.
Medicinal applications of fullerenes
International journal of nanomedicine, 2007
Fullerenes have attracted considerable attention in different fields of science since their discovery in 1985. Investigations of physical, chemical and biological properties of fullerenes have yielded promising information. It is inferred that size, hydrophobicity, three-dimensionality and electronic configurations make them an appealing subject in medicinal chemistry. Their unique carbon cage structure coupled with immense scope for derivatization make them a potential therapeutic agent. The study of biological applications has attracted increasing attention despite the low solubility of carbon spheres in physiological media. The fullerene family, and especially C60, has appealing photo, electrochemical and physical properties, which can be exploited in various medical fields. Fullerene is able to fit inside the hydrophobic cavity of HIV proteases, inhibiting the access of substrates to the catalytic site of enzyme. It can be used as radical scavenger and antioxidant. At the same t...
Bioapplication and activity of fullerenol C 60 (OH)
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Here we summarize current investigations about a relatively new group of compounds mainly composed of carbon atoms -fullerenes and their derivatives. One of the fundamental characteristics of fullerene is its ability to quench various free radicals, behaving as a ''free radical sponge''. Moreover, the dual nature of fullerenes to act as either quenchers or generators of cell -damaging ROS could be exploited for development of cytoprotective agents on one side or cytotoxic anticancer/antimicrobial agents on the other. In addition, several derivatives have shown immunomodulating, neuroprotective and radioprotective effect. Fullerenes are hydrophobic molecules best dissolved in organic solvents, so potential biomedical applications are restricted by their extremely poor solubility in polar solvents. One of the strategies for improving poor solubility is derivatization. Fullerenol C 60 (OH) 24 is a water-soluble derivative of C 60 with improved chemical properties and po...
Structure, properties and applications of fullerenes
This paper reports about fullerenes, its structure, properties and applications. Fullerenes are the third allotropic form of carbon material after graphite and diamond. These were discovered in 1985 by Harold. W. Kroto, Robert F. Curl and Richard E. Smalley. Fullerenes consist of 20 hexagonal and 12 pentagonal rings as the basis of an icosohedral symmetry closed cage structure. Each carbon atom is bonded to three others and is sp 2 hybridized. The C 60 molecule has two bond lengths, the 6:6 ring bonds can be considered "double bonds" and are shorter than the 6:5 bonds. C 60 is not "superaromatic" as it tends to avoid double bonds in the pentagonal rings, resulting in poor electron delocalisation. As a result, C 60 behaves like an electron deficient alkenes and reacts readily with electron rich species. The geodesic and electronic bonding factors in the structure account for the stability of the molecule. Fullerenes can be used as organic photovoltaics(OPV), these are powerful antioxidants, reacting readily and at a high rate with free radicals which are often the cause of cell damage or death. Other uses of C 60 like catalysts, in water purification and biohazard protection, portable power, vehicles and medical.