The treatment of heart failure: The Task Force of the Working Group on Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology (original) (raw)
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Heart Failure Reviews, 2006
With the current epidemic of heart failure (HF), the practicing clinical cardiologist is faced with an overwhelming amount of new information regarding drugs, technologies and emerging concepts aimed at improving the rather dismal outlook traditionally associated with HF patients. The challenge regarding HF patients highlights a vital requirement: that progress achieved by basic researchers must be early and effectively implemented by clinicians in order to translate into results which will be of practical significance for the patient population. In this context, two clinically oriented cardiologists have undertaken to moderate a special issue of Heart Failure Reviews focused on the interaction between basic scientists, clinical researchers, HF experts and general cardiologists. The issue begins with a discussion of the challenge of diagnosis of heart failure in primary care and this is addressed by Candida Fonseca. The author very pertinently points out the "the management of the syndrome in primary care has been hampered by perceived difficulties in diagnosis and in starting and monitoring effective treatment," alluding to the
Heart failure: Clinical manifestations, Etiology, Risk factors, Diagnosis and Treatment in adults
International Journal of Medical Sciences and Nursing Research , 2023
Background: Heart failure, a complex cardiac condition, arises when the heart's ability to pump blood diminishes, leading to insufficient oxygen and nutrients delivery to the body's organs and tissues. In this paper, we discussed about heart failure disease, its symptoms, etiology and risk factors, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: I have to discuss about heart failure disease, its symptoms, etiology and risk factors, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Results: Heart failure, often a late-stage consequence of various processes, especially ischemic heart disease, carries a poor prognosis, with mortality rates similar to common cancers. Diagnosis relies on history and physical assessment, while imaging and lab findings assist in confirmation. The New York Heart Association classification may be employed. Conclusion: Heart failure is a severe condition where the heart can't pump blood effectively due to causes like coronary artery disease or hypertension. Treatment includes lifestyle changes, meds, and surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for improving quality of life.
2016
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Prevention and management of chronic heart failure in management of asymptomatic patients
The American Journal of Cardiology, 2003
Symptomatic heart failure is preceded by a somewhat prolonged asymptomatic stage in many patients. The number of patients with asymptomatic heart dysfunction is about 4-fold greater than the number of patients with clinically overt heart failure. Pharmacologic treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and -blockers (in particular carvedilol) of asymptomatic patients with systolic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction can prevent or delay the occurrence of symptoms and reduce mortality in the long term. Thus, it would be of utmost importance to recognize and appropriately treat these patients before they develop heart failure symptoms. The cost-effectiveness of screening for asymptomatic heart dysfunction in the general population and in cohorts at risk has not been extensively evaluated. A normal electrocardiogram has a high negative predictive value in patients at risk. Echocardiography is the best tool for diagnosis and characterization of heart dysfunction, but extensive use is limited by availability and cost. Natriuretic peptides (brain natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide) are very sensitive markers of heart dysfunction and volume overload, and their measurement has been proposed as a first-line test to select patients who need echocardiography. The definition of the etiology of LV dysfunction-in particular, of the ischemic etiology-has prognostic and therapeutic implications. In addition to revascularization, pharmacologic treatment with antiplatelets and statins is helpful in preventing new ischemic events and the development of heart failure. The prevention, or at least the delay, of clinical manifestations of heart failure is strongly related to an effective approach to the asymptomatic stage. Therefore, it is important to educate the entire medical community, particularly physicians in the primary care setting, about recognition and treatment of these patients. ᮊ2003 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. Am J Cardiol 2003;91(suppl):4F-9F
Heart failure: epidemiology, investigation and management
Medicine, 2010
Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by dyspnoea, fatigue and fluid retention accompanied by objective evidence of cardiac dysfunction. The syndrome affects around 2% of the general population, affecting men more commonly than women (under the age of 80), with incidence and prevalence rising steeply with age. HF causes substantial morbidity and reduced life expectancy, and coronary artery disease accounts for two-thirds of cases in developed countries. Investigation is important to ascertain the diagnosis, identify the aetiology (which might be reversible) and give some indication of prognosis. Currently, more than 40% of people die within 18 months of a new diagnosis of HF. Treatment has been revolutionized by large randomized-controlled clinical trials studying the effects of antagonism of the renineangiotensinealdosterone and sympathetic nervous systems, and, more recently, the effects of device therapy. Cardiac transplantation remains an option for patients who are severely symptomatic (and at high risk) despite optimal medical and appropriate device therapy.
McGill Journal of Medicine
Heart Failure (HF) affects more than 650,000 Canadians (3.6% of Canadian adults above age 40). Even with recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, HF remains among the five most common causes for hospitalization in Canada, with a readmission rate above 30% at the 1-year mark. Despite the significant economic and clinical burden of this disease, there is limited awareness among healthcare providers, healthcare system managers, and governments regarding the current HF epidemic and available therapies. This article reviews the definition of HF and the approach to evaluating a patient with suspected HF, focusing on the different presentations of HF, the clinical significance of ejection fraction, and the usefulness of BNP as a marker of cardiac function.