The psychometric properties of the Personality Assessment Inventory–Adolescent’s Borderline Features Scale across two high-risk samples (original) (raw)
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Comprehensive Psychiatry, 2012
Empirical evidence is increasing in support of the validity of the construct of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in adolescence. There is growing consensus that the early identification and treatment of emerging borderline traits may be an important focus. However, few diagnostic (questionnaire-or interview-based) measures specifically developed or adapted for adolescents and children exist. The Childhood Interview for DSM-IV Borderline Personality Disorder (CI-BPD) ] is a promising interview-based measure of adolescent BPD. Currently, no studies have explicitly been designed to examine the psychometric properties of the CI-BPD. The aim of the current study was to examine various psychometric properties of the CI-BPD in an inpatient sample of adolescents (n = 245). A confirmatory factor analytic approach was used to examine the internal factor structure of the 9 CI-BPD items. In addition, internal consistency, interrater reliability, convergent validity (with clinician diagnosis and 2 questionnaire-based measures of BPD), and concurrent validity (with Axis I psychopathology and deliberate self-harm) were examined. Similar to several adult studies, the confirmatory factor analytic results supported a unidimensional factor structure for the CI-BPD, indicating that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, criteria on which the CI-BPD is based constitute a coherent combination of traits and symptoms even in adolescents. In addition, other validity criteria were excellent. Taken together, the current study provides strong evidence for the validity of the CI-BPD for use in adolescents.
Frontiers in Psychiatry
The recent development of a dimensional view toward personality disorder opens up the field of personality research based on the constructs of personality functioning (Criterion A) and maladaptive personality traits (Criterion B) as core components of personality pathology. However, little is known about the roles of these aspects in relation to borderline personality features during adolescence. The current study aimed at exploring the associations of Criterion A and B and their contribution in predicting borderline personality features in adolescence. A sample of 568 adolescents aged 11–17 (M = 14.38, SD = 1.57; 42.4% males) from different backgrounds (community-based, psychiatric inpatients, and youth forensic care) completed a set of questionnaires among which were measures of personality functioning, maladaptive personality traits, and borderline personality features. The findings reveal that Criterion A and B are strongly interrelated and both are significant in predicting bor...
Fact or fiction: Diagnosing borderline personality disorder in adolescents
Clinical Psychology Review, 2008
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) has long been considered a mental health problem that results in considerable costs in terms of human suffering and psychiatric expenses among adult patients. Although the diagnosis of BPD for adolescents is frequently used in clinical settings, the field of mental health has questioned whether one should diagnose BPD among adolescents. This paper reviews the recent empirical literature (identified through PsycINFO 1980 to present) to evaluate prevalence, reliability, and validity of a BPD diagnosis in adolescents. It is concluded that the features BPD diagnoses in adolescents are comparable to those in adults. Furthermore, there appears to be a legitimate subgroup of adolescents for whom the diagnosis remains stable over time as well as a less severe subgroup that moves in and out of the diagnosis. While caution is warranted, formal assessment of BPD in adolescents may yield more accurate and effective treatment for adolescents experiencing BPD symptomatology. More longitudinal research is necessary to further explicate the issues of diagnosing BPD in adolescents.
Journal of Personality Disorders, 2012
The Borderline Personality Disorder Severity Index-IV-adolescent and parent versions (BPDSI-IV-ado/p) are DSM-IV based semi-structured interviews for the assessment of the severity of symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in adolescents. The present study evaluates the psychometric properties of the BPDSI-IV-ado/p. The interviews were administered to 122 adolescents, aged 14-19 years and their parents/caretakers who were referred to mental health centres for emotion regulation problems, and to 45 healthy controls. The interrater reliability and internal consistency of all nine subscales (following the nine BPD symptoms in DSM-IV) proved to be good to excellent. Discriminant, concurrent, and construct validity were satisfactory. Cutoff scores that optimize sensitivity and specificity were derived. Informant agreement between adolescents and parents/caretakers was modest. The results of this study suggest that the BPDSI-IV adolescent and parent versions are valid and reliable instruments for the assessment of BPD symptom severity in adolescents. Assessment and treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) in adolescence have long been neglected, and many health professionals are hesitant in diagnosing BPD prior to age 18 (Crick, Murray-Close, & Woods, 2005). However, there is a growing body of evidence for a reliable and valid
Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2015
Background: The validity of borderline personality disorder (BPD) has been a topic of much controversy in psychiatry. Over the last two decades, a wealth of empirical work has challenged long-held concerns regarding the validity of adolescent BPD. However, this research has been conducted within a traditional approach to psychiatric nosology. Objective: In this article, we aim to evaluate the validity of adolescent BPD as guided by both the Robins and Guze criteria for the validity of psychiatric constructs and the new National Institute of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria (NIMH RDoC). Method: We used the five principles of the Robins and Guze approach to evaluate selected research from our own and other groups regarding the validity of adolescent BPD. These principles include clinical description studies, laboratory studies, studies that delimitate the disorder from other related syndromes, follow-up studies, and family studies. Results: Within the Robins and Guze criteria fr...
Exploratory factor analysis of borderline personality disorder criteria in hospitalized adolescents
Comprehensive Psychiatry, 2006
Objective: The authors examined the factor structure of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in hospitalized adolescents and also sought to add to the theoretical and clinical understanding of any homogeneous components by determining whether they may be related to specific forms of Axis I pathology. Method: Subjects were 123 adolescent inpatients, who were reliably assessed with structured diagnostic interviews for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition Axes I and II disorders. Exploratory factor analysis identified BPD components, and logistic regression analyses tested whether these components were predictive of specific Axis I disorders. Results: Factor analysis revealed a 4-factor solution that accounted for 67.0% of the variance. Factor 1 (bsuicidal threats or gesturesQ and bemptiness or boredomQ) predicted depressive disorders and alcohol use disorders. Factor 2 (baffective instability,Q buncontrolled anger,Q and bidentity disturbanceQ) predicted anxiety disorders and oppositional defiant disorder. Factor 3 (bunstable relationshipsQ and babandonment fearsQ) predicted only anxiety disorders. Factor 4 (bimpulsivenessQ and bidentity disturbanceQ) predicted conduct disorder and substance use disorders. Conclusions: Exploratory factor analysis of BPD criteria in adolescent inpatients revealed 4 BPD factors that appear to differ from those reported for similar studies of adults. The factors represent components of self-negation, irritability, poorly modulated relationships, and impulsivity-each of which is associated with characteristic Axis I pathology. These findings shed light on the nature of BPD in adolescents and may also have implications for treatment.
Personality and Individual Differences, 2019
We explored the relationship between dimensions of the Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5; Harkness & McNulty, 1994) of the Adolescent Version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-A; Butcher et al., 1992) and borderline personality features as measured by the adolescent version of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI-A; Morey, 2007) in a sample of 606 adolescents from an inpatient setting. Multiple regression analysis indicated that a combination of Neuroticism/Negative Emotionality, Disconstraint, Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality and Aggressiveness accounted for 54% of the variance in the PAI-A Borderline Features Scale. Neuroticism/Negative Emotionality emerged as the strongest predictor. Although females demonstrated higher mean scores across all PAI-A Borderline Scales, multivariate multiple regression within the path analysis framework revealed no marked gender differences in the relationships between PSY-5 predictors and borderline features. The combination of Neuroticism/Negative Emotionality and Aggressiveness was most strongly predictive of affective instability, identity problems and negative relations. Self-harm was best predicted by a combination of Disconstraint, Neuroticism/Negative Emotionality and Aggressiveness.
Personality and Individual Differences, 2009
This study explored reliability and validity of three self-report screening measures of borderline personality disorder (BPD): the Personality Assessment Inventory-Borderline Features Scale (PAI-BOR; Morey, 1991), Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4-BPD scale (PDQ4-BPD; Hyler, 1994) and Mclean Screening Instrument for BPD (MSI-BPD;. Participants (N = 523) were drawn predominantly from community and student populations. All three measures were internally consistent. Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the PAI-BOR did not support Jackson and Trull's (2001) six-factor structure or Morey's (1991) four-factor structure. The three measures converged highly, despite the broader theoretical basis of the PAI-BOR. Expected demographic differences on the measures supported construct validity, and concurrent validity in relation to theoretical-related criteria was also supported. Only the PAI-BOR and PDQ4-BPD showed incremental validity in predicting specific criteria, although, the amount of unique variance predicted was small.
The prevalence of borderline personality symptoms in adolescents
Iranian journal of psychiatry, 2014
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of borderline personality symptoms in 16-18 year old adolescents. In this cross sectional - descriptive study, 422 high school students (211 boys, 211 girls) aged 16-18 were selected by cluster random sampling and simple random sampling in 2011-2012. The participants were assessed using the revised diagnostic interview for borderline questionnaire (DIB-R) and demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient. Of the participants, 0/9% (0/22 % of the 16 year olds, 0.45 % of the 17 year olds and 0/22% of the 18 year olds) were diagnosed with borderline personality symptoms. Also, the prevalence of borderline personality symptoms in boys was 0/45 % of the total sample and it was 0/45 % of the total sample in girls. With respect to the relationship between demographic variables (age, sex, location, parents' occupation, parents' kinship, parents' education and birt...