Three-Dimensional Rogue Waves in Earth’s Ionosphere (original) (raw)

The modulational instability of ion-acoustic waves (IAWs) in a four-component magneto-plasma system consisting of positive–negative ions fluids and non-Maxwellian (r,q) distributed electrons and positrons, is investigated. The basic system of fluid equations is reduced to a three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (NLS). The domains of the IAWs stability are determined and are found to be strongly affected by electrons and positrons spectral parameters r and q and temperature ratio Tp/Te (Tp and Te are positrons and electrons temperatures, respectively). The existence domains, where we can observe the ion-acoustic rogue waves (IARWs) are determined. The basic features of IARWs are analyzed numerically against the distribution parameters and the other system physical parameters as Tp/Te and the external magnetic field strength. Moreover, a comparison between the first- and second-order rogue waves solution is presented. Our results show that the nonlinearity of the syste...