Confounding Risk Factors in Developing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus among Children and Adolescents at Sulaimani Chronic Diabetes Health Center (original) (raw)
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Study the incidence of Diabetes mellitus Type 1among children in primary school age
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry and Environmental Health
The present study included 150 sample collected from children in primary school age(male and female) from (5-13) years attending laboratory of Karbala Hospital in Iraq. All children blood samples were examined to estimate their blood Glucose level .Results suggested that the incidence of diabetic children in primary school age did not have a relation with age and gender , diabetes was also more frequently among who accidently acquired the disease and those who had psychological pressure. There was correlation between diabetes and urinary tract infections and other diseases among diabetic children studied
University of Thi-Qar Journal of Medicine, 2020
Background:-T1DM is the most common endocrine-metabolic disorder of childhood and adolescence, with important consequences for physical and emotional development. Individuals with T1DM confront serious lifestyle alterations that include an absolute daily requirement for exogenous insulin, the need to monitor their own glucose level, and the need to pay attention to dietary intake. Objective:-to assess the main factors and patient characteristics associated with uncontrolled T1DM that should be aware by Iraqi's Pediatricians. Patient and method:-A cross sectional analytical study had been conducted on children and adolescents with type1 DM visiting the diabetic clinic in Al-Nasiriya Diabetes and endocrine specialized center (south of Iraq), from 1st of June 2016 to the end of May 2017. The patients selected to be as uncontrolled status (fair and poor control) according to their HbA1C level results. Demographic factors, disease-related characteristics, checking of blood glucose, dietary control, type, dose and regimen of insulin injection and other related aspects, and anthropometric measures were included. Result:-Two hundred and one(201) type 1 diabetic patients selected to be uncontrolled status with mean age of(9.530 year ±3.2526),with no significant difference in sex. Majority of them were with poor control status (71.1%), and 28.9% were with fair control status. The residence, mother education, dietary control, regular follow up and regular checking of blood glucose level, syringe use, insulin injection technique, lipodystrophy at injection sites, and person who give the insulin were the main independent factors that had a significant statistical association with the control status in this study, while multivariate analysis revealed that dietary control, person who are responsible for giving insulin and changing site of injection were significantly associated with control status.
The Belgrade childhood diabetes study: a multivariate analysis of risk determinants for diabetes
… European Journal of …, 2005
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate some hypotheses about factors related to the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Belgrade during the period 1994-1997. A total of 105 recently onset diabetic and 210 control children, individually matched by age (^1 year), sex and place of residence, were included in the study. Results: According to multivariate regression analysis, the following factors were related to type 1 diabetes: stressful events and symptoms of psychological dysfunction during the 12 months preceding the onset of the disease [odds ratio (OR) 3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.15-5.65; and OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.33-3.48], irregular vaccination (OR 16.98, 95% CI 1.38-208.92), infection during 6 months preceding the onset of the disease (OR 4.23, 95% CI 1.95-9.17), higher education of father (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.05-2.14), mother's consumption of nitrosoamines-rich food during pregnancy (OR 4.33, 95% CI 1.95-9.61), alcohol consumption by father (OR 3.80, 95% CI 1.64-8.78), insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in three generations of children's relatives (OR 20.04, 95% CI 4.73-84.81; and OR 5.52, 95% CI 2.45-12.46), and use of ultrasound diagnostic techniques during pregnancy (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.17-1.00). Conclusions: Among non-genetic factors, those affecting the child during pregnancy are especially important because of their preventability.
Demographic Characteristics of Type 1 Diabetic Children and Adolescents in Hamadan, Iran
Journal of research in health sciences, 2015
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease in pediatric. We aimed to determine the demographic characteristics at presentation of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in Hamadan, west province of Iran. METHODS In this cross sectional descriptive study, demographic data of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus being followed up in Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic of Besat Hospital Hamedan Iran, were analyzed. A detailed record of the required information including the age, sex, Place of living(urban, rural), season, disease presentation, parental consanguinity (1st cousin relation),The mean mother's age at delivery, BMI ,birth seasonality and birth order were collected. The data was analyzed by standard statistical package SPSS, version 15.0. Results with p-value less than 0.05 were defined as statistically significant. RESULTS In total, 150 patients (85 boys) were included. The mean age at diagnosis was 8.47 (ranged from 2 months to 17.5 years). The pe...
The Prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes in Children of Mazandaran Province
علوم بهداشتی ایران, 2018
Background and purpose: The prevalence of type 1 diabetes in all countries throughout the world is different. In this study, an introduction is, therefore, provided for the development of type 1 diabetes in children in Mazandaran province by using all available resources. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the prevalence of patients with initial diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus, aging from 6 months to 18 years, was located through contacting and referring to all organizations of insurers and doctors or experts in children endocrinologist and adolescent diseases in Mazandaran province. Results: 289 patients with type 1 diabetes were identified, 138 of whom were male (47.8%), and 151 were women (52.2%) with an overall prevalence of 0.04%, and the rate of this prevalence was 48 cases among 100000 people (50 cases among 100000 girls and 36 cases among 100000 boys). The mean age of the patients was 11.5 years old. In the study of delivery method, 180 patients (62.3%) were diagnosed with cesarean section, and 109 (37.7%) were born through natural delivery method. The mean age of onset of diabetes was 7 years. The minimum and maximum ages were 7 months and 18 years, respectively. 97 (33.6%) of the patients were also hospitalized for the first time due to ketoacidosis, and were diagnosed with diabetes. Conclusion: Type 1 diabetes in Mazandaran province was more prevalent than the similar study in southern Iran and neighboring countries. It is essential to pay greater attention to this disease through studying it in the other parts of the country.
Journal of Diabetes Investigation
Aims/IntroductionWe aimed to determine the incidence trend of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in Isfahan province over a period of 12 years.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective study, children aged <20 years at the time of type 1 diabetes mellitus diagnosis, from March 2007 to March 2019, were included. The crude and adjusted incidence rate of type 1 diabetes mellitus is calculated as the number of cases per 100,000 person‐years by the period. The cumulative, age‐ and sex‐specific incidence rates were also calculated. Age‐specific incidence rates were calculated for age and sex groups.ResultsA total of 1,954 (983 boys and 971 girls) cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus were identified. The mean age at diagnosis in all studied populations was 9.89 (standard deviation 4.76). There were no significant differences between the proportion of boys and girls in different years (P = 0.12) and different age groups (P = 0.19). The average annual percent change of incidence rate for th...
Risk factors for type 1 diabetes mellitus in children live in Karbala province-Iraq
Current Pediatric Research, 2021
Background: The most important autoimmune disease which affects children is Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). The main risk factor for this chronic condition is genetic that contributed to loci within the HLA complex. Even, the environmental issues triggering the disease are still unclear so this study aimed to identify the most important risk factors related to type 1 diabetes mellitus among children and adolescents. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 50 confirmed diabetic children and adolescents visiting AL-Hussainy hospital in Karbala. Time of data collection continuous for two month i.e. July and August 2019. After consenting for voluntary participation in the study, parents were answering a special questionnaire containing demographic and risk factors data. Results: The age range of participate diabetic children was (18 months-17 years), around 70% of patients have never had a family history of diabetes and only 32% mentioned having thyroid diseases among their relatives. Analysis of the related maternal risk factors was showing the majority (84%) was drinking tea during pregnancy; no one had a smoking history. Only 6% diagnosed with gestational diabetes and 3% were treated with insulin. Regarding factors associated with the neonatal period, all children were delivered in the hospitals and 68% of these deliveries were normal and more than half 54% had no disease during their neonatal life. Most of the participant children (80%) continued their breastfeeding for more than 6 months. Conclusion: there are a lot of environmental risk factors related to pregnancy, neonatal period, and early childhood widely distributed among patients with type 1 DM and may have their role in causing diabetes among those patients.
Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes in Children Aged Below 18 Years During 2013-2015 in Northwest Turkey
Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology, 2018
To assess the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children under 18 years of age in the northwest region of Turkey during 2013-2015. All newly diagnosed T1DM cases were recorded prospectively during 2013-2015. Total as well as gender and age group specific (0-4, 5-9, 10-14 and 15-17 age) mean incidences per 100.000 per year were calculated. There were 1773 patients diagnosed during 2013-2015 (588 cases in 2013, 592 cases in 2014, 593 cases in 2015). Of these, 862 (48.6%) were girls and 911(51.4%) were boys. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.2±4.2 years and it was not significantly different between girls (9.0±4.1 years) and boys (9.4±4.4 years) (p=0.052). The crude mean incidence was 8.99/100.000 (95% CI: 8.58-9.42). Although mean incidence was similar between boys [8.98/100.000 (CI:8.40 to 9.58)] and girls [9.01/100.000 (CI:8.42 to 9.63)], there was male predominance in all groups except for 5-9 year age group. The standardized mean incidence was 9.02/100.000 according to...
The Central European Journal of Paediatrics, 2018
Objective − To investigate the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory features of children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treated at the Clinical Hospital Centre, Rijeka. Methods − The medical records of 83 hospitalized children were analysed retrospectively by gender and age subgroups. Results − The mean age of children at diagnosis was 8.40±4.82 years. At T1DM onset, the number of children ≤5, between 6-10 and ≥11 years old was 31 (37.3%), 23 (27.7%) and 29 (34.9%), respectively. The patients were mostly diagnosed at ages 2-4 years (18.1%), followed by the 12-14 years age group (15.7%). Mean duration of symptoms was 21.96±27.92 days. The symptoms lasted significantly longer (P=0.0116) and mean glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was significantly higher (P=0.0039) in the ≥11 years subgroup. Polyuria and polydipsia were the most common symptoms (90.36%). 25.3% of patients had diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Conclusion − The age at T1DM onset has been decreasing. The symptoms lasted significantly longer and mean HbA1c levels were significantly higher in older children. The incidence of DKA in children with newly diagnosed T1DM is still high and includes one quarter of all patients.
Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2020
Background: Family history of diabetes mellitus is a useful tool for detecting children and adolescents at risk of the disease. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and describe the characteristics of family history of diabetes mellitus in Nigerian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Methods: A retrospective chart review of children and adolescents newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes was conducted in three tertiary-healthcare institutions in Nigeria. In addition to the review of charts of old patients, other children and adolescents who presented with new-onset diabetes during the review process were also included. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used in obtaining information from the patients and their parents. Using the criteria suggested by Scheuner et al, the family history risk category was stratified into average, moderate and high. Results: Out of a total of 65 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, 29(44.6%, 95% CI= 32.6-56....