A Critical Examination of Recent Rape Cases and the Criminology Involved (original) (raw)
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Sexual Offences against Women in India - Malediction to the Society
https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR\_Vol.7\_Issue.5\_May2020/Abstract\_IJRR006.html, 2020
India is often described to be a country with a rapid growth in economy and continuing measures of human development. However, sadly with the growth of economy there has been growing concern in increasing report of the cases of sexual offences against women which doesn’t support the above statement as these offences clearly states that there has been lack of morale and degradation of human values among some of the male community which still considers themselves as superior to women as a result of which they perform sexual offences to dominate the female community of the society which creates a vital problem on how to take effective measures and ensure the safety of women towards these sexual predators. The objective of this study is to try to gather a better perspective and clear understanding of reasons and factors behind the increased report of sexual violence in India, and to understand in what way the state is taking measures to protect women against the sexual offences. .Although now various laws has been made for the protection of women in India which has changed the status as well as mentality of mankind towards women in many ways, women are given equal opportunities everywhere, in schools, in colleges as well as at the work places and public places, now women community has emerged strongly in various ways, they are also coming forward and fighting for their rights equally. However, the real concern is that it is not stopping the sexual predators in any way and therefore ,it raises a question whether the laws made by the state in order to protect women are sufficient and effective enough to prevent the sexual offences or not ? There are still men who looks at a women or female of any age as their target for satisfaction of their lust and ego , they tries to prove themselves as a superior community by dominating and forcing themselves on the female because the offenders and the victim themselves thinks that they aren’t capable of defending themselves against those predators. Sexual offences are just an unlawful carnal activity, without the consent of the women. Nowadays, adding to the need of carnal knowledge, most rape cases occur by force or fear of force against the will and consent of the sufferer. It is very important to understand a woman who is being intimidated with the crime of Rape. It is exploitation of woman’s body in which her inner personal space is violated, the act of Rape violates the right of women to decide whether she allows an individual to enter her zone of privacy or not ;this crime also accord man domination over the woman’s zone of privacy. Sexual offences are acts of expression of lust, violence and perverted behavior forced on females by the stronger male as a result of aggression, depression, lust, insecurity arising out of ignorance of his nature.
Rape Crime, Law and Victim's Right an Analysis from Indian Penal System
Acta Universitatis Danubius. Juridica, 2010
God endowed man and women with same sense of emotion, passion, pain and pleasure, yet both differ from each other. Her gentle tenderness and tolerance make her different from her fellow partner. Indeed women are given place of pride in almost all the religion. Her importance, rights and privileges are recognized by almost all religious scripture. Even then she is subjected to several social prejudices. Causing carnal catastrophe is one of the most demeaning devices adopted to subjugate women. Today the greater challenging before her is to protect her dignity chastity and virginity. Women are sexually exploited in almost all sphere of life. This crime has neither face of its own nor any territorial boundary but with the fact that women are to greater extent its victim, the degree of this crime and the victims' status aftermath the crime differ. In India the incident of rape seems to be less when compared with the foreign country. Numerically, among all crime rape is relatively in frequent phenomenon (0.3 % of total crime in India) but among the crime against the women the rape constitute the highest percentage. Case study reveals that there has been a strong increase in offence of rape in past decade. There has been almost 2,487 rape cases reported between 1971 to 1978, which had increased to 4,621 cases in the same year. According to the official statistic produce by the National Human right commission Delhi in the year 1991, one woman is molested every 26 minute. These are statistic reported cases, which if include unreported cases the matter would have been of every second rather than minute. In response to this government of India approached Law commission with a request to suggest substantive and procedural reformation of criminal law. In spite of amendment made to the criminal law in 1983, the legal system could hardy control the crime, perhaps there is a necessity of awaking calls from the victims' side on one hand and rapid judicial intervention on the other. The question is not whether women have right to bodily integrity as this right is already adumbrated in almost the Articles of Indian Constitution exclusively under Art 21, which guarantees the right to life and liberty to men and women both alike. But whether it is imperative to take a decisive step toward extirpating this evil and make the contemporary and further society a safe place for women. The hypothetical point here is that this crime cannot be prevented only by new enactment or enlarging the law enforcing agencies because several other factors are responsible for increase in crime, to which legal system has to intervene. There is a necessity of more women oriented legislation and policies protecting the right of the women and preserving right of the victims of rape. Since this is a socio-legal issue it is the greatest challenge of the government, women organization and legal system to provide immediate remedy and that's why the study is subjected to consecutive enquiry and research.
Consequences of Rape and a Framework to End Violence against Women
The study attempted to examine police registered rape cases through the contents of First Investigation Reports (FIRs) as rape is a phenomenon that has sever social and psychological consequences on the lives of survivors and in general on women. This was explored through ten in-depth interviews with the survivors. All the registered cases of one city of one year were included and 51 copies of FIRs were obtained from the police department. The contents of the FIRs were revealed that 94.16 % cases were reported from the urban slums of Lahore city. The highest risk age group during this year was 7-21years. In all the reported cases, six cases interviewed were children between the age group of 7-15. The survivors included in the FIRs were 39.2% housewives/girls, 25.5% students, 23.5% domestic servants and the rest were office workers and laborers. In all the cases 76.47% survivors were single, 17.64% were married and only 5.9 % were divorced. The results showed that 39.21% victims were raped at home during day time, 25.5 % at the workplace and 23.52% at rapist's place. The last 9.8 % raped incidents were happened at clinic/hospital. It showed that women are not safe at any place. They live in constant threat of rape that anywhere, anytime and anyone can rape them. The findings further revealed that 93.4% of the cases, the survivors knew the rapist on one or the other type of relation from acquaintance to ex-husband. The stranger committed only 5.9% rapes. During the interviews with the rape survivors it was found that rape was always planned in advance. All the survivors interviewed suffered from a wide range of consequences as a result of rape and survivors were more likely to avoid certain places. Rape was not only disgracing and traumatic experience for the victim but also for the whole family as purification of women has implications for cultural and religious identity. Lifestyles were affected as a result of the incident. Seeking justice is difficult in all the cases of rape, as 51 cases were reported to the police and none could get justice. These figures of violence against women depicted a situation which is alarming and the challenges are numerous. There is no one solution for addressing the challenges and reaching the objective to eradicate the violence against women. The preventive, protective and supportive framework is highly recommended to end violence against women in Pakistan.
Comparative Case Study; Two Rape Cases from Same City and Their Lasting Effects
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022
Rape is one of the most common offences against women in especially in country like India. The statistics of the rape in India are deeply shocking. As per statistics a woman is raped in India in every 15 minutes. The number is even more negatively astonishing when we take this into consideration that only 1% of rapes are reported after all.
2014
The proliferating number of rape incidents in India is chilling. This column discusses the various perspectives on the causes of rape, and the economic, social and legal factors that play a role in the high incidence of this crime in the country. It suggests taking steps to increase the cost of rapes for the perpetrators. - See more at: http://ideasforindia.in/article.aspx?article\_id=256#sthash.MILMPwjP.dpuf
Realities of Indian Characters and Their Values in Context of Rape Events
Developing Country Studies, 2014
The identity of any person is based on his characteristic behaviors. But it is bitter true fact that civilized society reflects the good characteristic of human being that is living in the society. In the 21 st century men are trying to touch the untouched part of universe. In the field of medical science human has progressed to resolve the incurable diseases. We have developed a lot of infrastructures for the day to day uses. Men are talented to go anywhere by air, water and land mode within a short time. But in case of social context especially woman's rights and honors we are not able to say us a civilized citizen. Men always try to show his dominant nature over the women. The men's nature of dominant over the women in each sector of life style is called paternalism. Men always say the paternalism is a part of human value system. There is no need to more say about the current status of women in the society. According to National Crime Records Bureau data confirm that Delhi saw 572 women raped cases in the year 2011 as compared to 239 in Mumbai, 47 in Kolkata, 67 in Chennai, 96 in Bangalore. Let it see in another way, while Delhi had 7 rape victims among 1 Lakh females in 2011, Haryana had 6, Rajasthan had 5, Mumbai had 3, Uttar Pradesh had 2, Bangalore had 2 and Chennai had 2. My main questions are from where the rape was started?, How the rape came in the society?, Who was behind it?, Why these rapes are happening in our society?, Why we are not able to control it?, How the people encourage rape events with using the name of religion?, How the ethical value are demolished by men dominating power?, How we can make our society free from rapist?, etc.In this article Dr. Prashant Kumar Astalin has tried to give the answers for all the above mentioned questions.
Theory of human mind behind Rape incidences: solutions to control incidences, to be civilized
In this article I am going to talk about reason behind why girls or any female get Raped. It is an article which includes theory of human mind, causes and solution for the incidences. The topic written in this article is a very sensitive; hence I will request readers please don't read it, if you don't want to read the article. Stop reading at this point, don't go ahead. You can drop the idea of reading the entire article, but if you still want to continue reading it, it's completely your choice and up to your interest.
Rapes in India during 1991-2014
Innovative Publication, 2016
Abstract Background: Increasing reports of rapes and responsibilities of clinicians. Objective: To analyse rape in preteens, adolescents and adults in India over a period of two plus decades. Methods: Rape rate was computed from National Crime Records Bureau of India crime data and US Census Bureau International population census statistics for the age groups- 0-12 (Preteen), 13-18 (Adolescent) and above 18 (Adults) for the period 1991-2014. Rate was computed and trend plotted. Results: The total rape victims during the index period were 432847 averaging 18819. There were a total of 43520 preteen, 102833 adolescent and 286494 adult rape victims in the index period averaging 1892, 4471 and 12456 per annum respectively. The linear trend line indicates an increase in adolescent and adult group and almost stationary in preteens. Conclusions: As rape rate is high in adolescents and adults and is on the raise, there is an urgent need for strategic planning in detecting, treating, and de-stigmatizing the act. Keywords: Rape-Rape Rate- Trend-Preteen-Adolescent-Adult-India.
Challenges in Enforcement of Rape Laws in India: A Feminist Critique
Suffering it has been said, is in the eye of the observer and not in the eye of the sufferer. Rape is one of the most heinous forms of sexual harassment against women. It not only harms the victim physically but also drains her mentally. The victim of forcible sexual intercourse is treated as an accomplice in the society which values chastity as the most important attribute of womanhood and does not hesitate to test it by subjecting the woman to the ordeal of fire without causing a ripple amongst the onlookers.3 Rape transgresses into the right to privacy of the victim and cripples her for life. Unfortunately, in a patriarchal society like India the victim is forced to suffer for the act of the accused and is held responsible for her fate in one way or the other. She has to relive the tragedy in the court rooms if she gathers enough courage to prove her innocence. It is very unfortunate that it is the victim and not the accused of rape who carries the social stigma for life