Diagnostic accuracy of non-mydriatic fundus camera for screening of diabetic retinopathy: A hospital based observational study in Pakistan (original) (raw)
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Assessment of non-mydriatic fundus photography in detection of diabetic retinopathy
BMJ, 1986
Non-mydriatic retinal photography with later interpretation of the photographs was assessed as a screening method for the detection of diabetic retinopathy; when compared with an ophthalmologist's clinical assessment in a random group of 62 diabetic patients it was accurate (false negative 6-8%, false positive 2%) and sensitive (sensitivity 96%, specificity 98%). The assessment of further management required based on analysis of the photographs was 96-5% in agreement with the further management suggested by the ophthalmologist after direct clinical assessment ofthe patient. If this technique were used to screen patients in a typical diabetic clinic the predicted positive accuracy rate would be 84% and the predicted negative accuracy rate 99 5%.
Clinical Ophthalmology, 2010
To compare the results obtained by two screening techniques for diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Patients were assessed in two groups, according to whether the retinal images were analyzed by the general practitioner (Group 1) or by the ophthalmologist (Group 2) in a two-year prospective study using telemedicine. Results: The number of patients referred to the nonmydriatic fundus camera unit was higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (63.80% versus 17.63%). Greater patient adherence was observed in Group 1 than in Group 2 when patients came to retinography (98.25% versus 87.52%). There were no significant differences in other technique variables. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was similar in both groups (8.98% in Group 1 and 9.16% in Group 2), but the prevalence of severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy was higher in Group 2 (1.69% [severe] and 0.45% [proliferative]) than in Group 1 (1.01% and 0.11%, respectively). Diabetic macular edema was more prevalent in Group 2 (2.03%). Conclusions: The inclusion of general practitioners in the screening method seems to be important. A great number of patients with diabetes mellitus were screened, and a higher percentage of patients with diabetic retinopathy or macular edema were detected.
Effective and accurate screening for diabetic retinopathy using a 60º mydriatic fundus camera
South African Medical …, 2005
Objectives. To establish whether an experienced endocrinologist could screen accurately for diabetic retinopathy using mydriatic 60°fundus photographs compared with a reference standard, viz. the combined highest scores of two experienced ophthalmologists. Design. Retrospective review of 60°colour transparency photographs taken over a 6-year period. Retinopathy was graded in a standardised way. Setting. Patients attending the diabetic clinic at Johannesburg Hospital, South Africa. Subjects. Fifteen hundred and seventeen patients (2 446 eyes) formed the basis for the study. Patients were included if there was more than 50% readability of the fundus photographs. Outcome measures. Outcome measures were prevalence of any retinopathy and presence of referable (severe) retinopathy. Inter-observer agreement was measured using the kappa statistic, and sensitivity and specificity of the screener were evaluated. Results. The prevalence of retinopathy at the clinic was approximately 30%, but only about 12% was severe enough to warrant referral to the ophthalmology outpatient department. The endocrinologist was very accurate in determining cases requiring referral; there was 97% agreement with the reference standard, viz. the combined highest score of two experienced ophthalmologists (gold standard). Correlation on the determination of any retinopathy was less accurate (80% agreement), mostly owing to the endocrinologist reporting more isolated microaneurysms than the ophthalmologists. The screening method used gave a sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 99% which are within recommended standards. Conclusions. The screening strategy using a mydriatic fundus camera at the diabetic clinic was found to be effective and accurate and greatly reduced the number of possible referrals to the ophthalmology outpatient department.
Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica, 2004
Purpose: To investigate the use of automated image analysis for the detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in fundus photographs captured with and without pharmacological pupil dilation using a digital non-mydriatic camera. Methods: A total of 83 patients (165 eyes) with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, representing the full spectrum of DR, were photographed with and without pharmacological pupil dilation using a digital non-mydriatic camera. Two sets of five overlapping, nonstereoscopic, 45-degree field images of each eye were obtained. All images were graded in a masked fashion by two readers according to ETDRS standards and disagreements were settled by an independent adjudicator. Automated detection of red lesions as well as image quality control was made: detection of a single red lesion or insufficient image quality was categorized as possible DR. Results: At patient level, the automated red lesion detection and image quality control combined demonstrated a sensitivity of 89.9% and specificity of 85.7% in detecting DR when used on images captured without pupil dilation, and a sensitivity of 97.0% and specificity of 75.0% when used on images captured with pupil dilation. For moderate non-proliferative or more severe DR the sensitivity was 100% for images captured both with and without pupil dilation. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the described automated image analysis system, which detects the presence or absence of DR, can be used as a firststep screening tool in DR screening with considerable effectiveness.
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome
To determine the diagnostic accuracy of direct ophthalmoscopy for the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using fundus photographs as a reference standard. Patients with type 2 diabetes attending the outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care diabetes center, from October 2009 to March 2010 were recruited in the study after obtaining signed informed consent. Patients with type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes or having eye problems were excluded. After checking visual acuity, direct ophthalmoscopy of each eye was done by diabetologist, followed by photography of two fields of retina by fundus camera. DR was graded by a retinal specialist, according to International Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale. According to severity, patients with DR were grouped into non-sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (NSTDR) and sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR). Sensitivity and specificity of direct ophthalmoscopy for detection of any retinopathy, NSTDR and...
Frontiers in endocrinology, 2018
To determine the level of agreement between trained family physicians (FPs), general ophthalmologists (GOs), and a retinal specialist (RS) in the assessment of non-mydriatic fundus retinography in screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the primary health-care setting. 200 Diabetic patients were submitted to two-field non-mydriatic digital fundus camera. The images were examined by four trained FPs, two GOs, and one RS with regard to the diagnosis and severity of DR and the diagnosis of macular edema. The RS served as gold standard. Reliability and accuracy were determined with the kappa test and diagnostic measures. A total of 397 eyes of 200 patients were included. The mean age was 55.1 (±11.7) years, and 182 (91%) had type 2 diabetes. The mean levels of serum glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c were 195.6 (±87.3) mg/dL and 8.9% (±2.1), respectively. DR was diagnosed in 166 eyes by the RS and in 114 and 182 eyes by GO and GO, respectively. For severity, DR was graded as pro...
Journal of Ophthalmology, 2016
Aims. The study aimed to present the experience of a screening programme for early detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using a nonmydriatic fundus camera, evaluating the feasibility in terms of validity, resources absorption, and future advantages of a potential application, in an Italian local health authority. Methods. Diabetic patients living in the town of Ponzano, Veneto Region (Northern Italy), were invited to be enrolled in the screening programme. The “no prevention strategy” with the inclusion of the estimation of blindness related costs was compared with screening costs in order to evaluate a future extensive and feasible implementation of the procedure, through a budget impact approach. Results. Out of 498 diabetic patients eligible, 80% was enrolled in the screening programme. 115 patients (34%) were referred to an ophthalmologist and 9 cases required prompt treatment for either proliferative DR or macular edema. Based on the pilot data, it emerged that an extensive u...