Conceptual design of the cryogenic system for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC (original) (raw)

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This paper focuses on the conceptual design of the cryogenic system for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), detailing the technologies employed and the architectural considerations made to optimize cooling efficiency for the superconducting magnets. It outlines the operational prerequisites, including a temperature below 1.9 K, and discusses the distribution of refrigeration power across a 3.3 km sector, utilizing innovative components such as Cold Boxes, Cryogenic Distribution Lines, and specific cooling schemes to manage the unique thermal demands of the collider. Additionally, the paper presents data on refrigeration capacity requirements, heat loads, and configurations aimed at ensuring sustained performance during experiments.