Effect of Various Doses Gamma-radiation on Phenotypic and Molecular Characteristics of Two Egyptian Soybean Varieties (original) (raw)
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Egyptian Journal of Botany, 2017
WO Egyptian soybeans varieties, Giza111 and Crawford were selected for the current study. Their seeds were exposed to three doses of gamma-radiation 150, 200, and 250 Gy in order to study their mutagenic effects in the treated seeds and two following generations at various levels. In the first generation (M1), two doses (150 and 200 Gy) were the most effective in enhancement of some agronomic traits like number of stem branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and weight of 100 seeds and crop yield. Analysis of protein profiles using SDS-PAGE showed variation among the treatments in each variety, where a total of 35 protein bands were recorded. Three of which were unique bands, one unique band of size 37 kDa was found in the treated seeds before germination (M0) in Crawford at 250 Gy treatment. The other two unique bands (102 and 162 kDa) were found in M2 generation in Crawford at 150 Gy and Giza111 at 200 Gy, respectively. ISSR analysis using five primers gave a total 45, 38 and 28 ISSR bands in M0, M1 and M2, respectively; 4 of which were unique bands. The primer HB14 amplified 6 DNA bands, 2 were unique bands (895 &1050 bp), both in M1 generation of Giza111 at 150 Gy, while primer 844 and 862 amplified only one unique band both found in M0 Giza111 control. They have a molecular size of 888 and 900 bp, respectively. Although, UBC-827 amplified the highest number of bands (7) no unique bands were found.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Morpho-Agronomic Characteristics of Soybeans (<i>Glycine max</i> L.)
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2012
Mutation breeding in crop plants is an effective approach in improvement of crop having narrow genetic base such as soybean. The main objective of the present study is to determine the effect of different doses of gamma irradiation on different morpho-agronomic characteristics. Agronomic traits that were analyzed included; grain yield, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/plant and weight of 100 seeds and numbers of days to 50% flowering. Morphometric characterization of the descriptive data included plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves/plant, leaflet length, leaflet width, number of ramifications/plant, and pod length and width at 3 lodge stage. The results of the present study revealed that the two gamma irradiation doses used (0.2 kGy and 0.4 kGy) decreased significantly most of agronomic and morphological traits evaluated in M1 populations. Different effects of 0.2 kGy and 0.4 kGy irradiation were observed in M2 populations with significant increase of grain yields and yield components in all the three soybean varieties. In general, a significant decrease or no changes of morphological traits were observed for the two irradiation doses in M2 populations. The levels of changes varied among varieties. Potential high yielding mutants were identified in progenies of irradiated seeds.
Soybean Generations Under Gamma Rays and Effects on Seed Quality
Chilean journal of agricultural & animal science, 2022
Mutation induction is used to improve existing or generate new varieties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of gamma radiation doses under successive generations of cultivation on seed quality of two soybean lines (VX04-6828 and VX04-5692). Different gamma-ray doses (60 Co) were evaluated (0; 50; 150 and 250 Gray) in the M0 (first sowing) generation, and analyzed for water content, germination, vigor, abnormal seedlings, dead seeds, and hilum color. Then, sowing (M0) was carried out to obtain plants and seeds of the first production cycle (M1 generation), and then those of the subsequent cycle (M2 generation). The same analyses of M0 were performed for M2 and M3 generations, with the addition of germination rate and emergence speed index in the field. The data were submitted to analysis of variance in a factorial arrangement. The generations were compared using Tukey's test, while doses were evaluated by regression analysis. Seeds of the two soybean lines showed significant interaction for the different generations and gamma-ray doses in all the variables analyzed, except for water content. The application of gamma rays in soybean seeds showed effects on successive generations of cultivation, with better physiological quality up to the dose of 150 Gy (Gray) and greater sensitivity to gamma radiation for the VX04-5692 line.
Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays and EMS in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
2008
In mutation breeding, mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency are the base parameters to predict the mutagenic potency of any mutagen. Studies on mutagenic effectiveness and mutagenic efficiency of physical mutagen (gamma rays) and chemical mutagen (hydrazine hydrates; HZ) on two cultivars of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), viz. DPL 62 (macrosperma) and Pant L 406 (microsperma) have been reported. Dry and healthy seeds were treated with four doses of each gamma rays (100-400 Gy), HZ (0.1-0.4 %) and their combinations. Frequencies of the induced agro-morphological variations into different phenotypic categories were estimated in M 2 population that resulted into identification and isolation of wide range of mutants with altered phenotypes. Data on effectiveness and efficiency of various mutagenic treatments calculated on the basis of the frequency of chlorophyll mutations, which showed effectiveness and efficiency were higher at the moderate doses of gamma rays and HZ, while in case of combination treatments; lower doses were most effective and efficient with few inter-varietal exceptions. Phenotyping of the mutants revealed that growth habits was the most sensitive category to which most of the mutant belongs, followed by leaf and flower/pod/seed in both the cultivars studied. Overall, the screened and isolated mutants with economically important agronomic traits can be further propagated in the subsequent generation for development of elite lentil mutant cultivars.
Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture
The supply the constant demand for new soybean cultivar, it is necessary to select superior plants in populations of high genetic variability. To generate new plant variants which would perform satisfactorily in the field and produce seeds of better composition, gamma rays can be used. Therefore, soybean seeds from line VX04-6828 were irradiated in a 60Co source (gamma rays) in doses: 0 (control); 50; 150 and 250 Gy, and were seeded to produce the M1 generation. Potential plants of each row were identified and evaluated for their agronomic performance. The seeds of the selected plants were sown, producing the plants of M2 generation and again selected and evaluated, including the chemical composition of their seeds. It was concluded that the use of gamma radiation increases the variability in soybean, with consequent increase in the probabilities of identification of new mutants, useful to breeding programs that aim at better agronomic performance and gains in the composition of the...
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2010
Gamma ray irradiation , especially applied at low doses, is one of methods to produce plant genetic diversity by means of micromutation . The objectives of this research was to determine the radiosensitivity of Argomulyo variety of soybeans ( Glycine max (L) Merr ) by gamma ray irradiation and to estimate genetic variablity of the crop after irradiation. To determine the radiosensitivy, the seeds of Argomulyo variety w ere treated with gamma ray irradiation at 200 Gy, 400 Gy, 600 Gy, 800 Gy, and 1000 Gy. Curve-fit a nalysis was employed t o find the Lethal Doses 50 (LD 50 ) value . To evaluate the genetic variablity after irradiation with gamma ray, seeds of Argomulyo was irradiated under LD 50 at doses of 0 Gy, 50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy, and 200 Gy. The r esults showed that LD 50 value was 457.17 Gy. The study found that for Argomulyo variety the LD 20 was 490.93 Gy and the LD 50 was 457.17 Gy . Genetic variability was observed in various agronomic character s of M2 generation after ...
Mutation study of gamma ray in M3 generation of Soybean (Glycine max. (L.) Merrill)
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018
Two well recommended high yielding varieties of Soybean for Jharkhand namely, BSS-2 and RKS-18 were exposed to five different doses (50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy, 200Gy and 400 Gy) of gamma rays using cobalt 60 (Co 60) sources of Gamma chamber at Bhabha Atomic & Research Centre, Mumbai and their M3 progenies were screened thoroughly. Morphological (viable) mutants were observed and recorded in M3 generation from early seedling stage till physiological maturity with different doses of Gamma rays. Difference was observed between the varieties BSS-2 and RKS-18 in the degree of tolerance to the mutagens. The germination percentage was calculated in M3 by counting the number of plants germinated after 15 days from the date of sowing in each progeny rows of the varieties, BSS-2 and RKS-18. Germination and survival percentage in both the varieties was lower as compared to control. Reduction in germination percentage was associated with increase in dose of mutagen in both varieties BSS-2 and RKS-18. It is evident that the survival percentage of plants decreased with the higher doses of gamma radiation. In variety BSS-2 at 100 Gy a higher survival percentage (94.20%) was recorded as compared to lower dose 50Gy (93.35%) while in RKS-18 the lower dose of 50 Gy(88.42) showed much higher survival percentage in comparison to higher doses of 150 and 400 Gy.
High gamma irradiation doses and long storage times reduce soybean seed quality
Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 2016
High quality seeds are required for soybean production. This study evaluated the effect of gamma irradiation and storage time on seed quality in soybean lines VX04-6828 and VX04-5692. Seeds were gamma irradiated (60 Co) with 0, 50, 150, and 250 Gy. After the first seed production cycle (M1), the harvested seeds were stored in the laboratory for 0, 2, 4, and 6 months. Moisture content, seed quality (germination rate, dead seeds, and normal and abnormal seedlings), and seed vigor (first germination count, germination index, and seedling length) were determined. Data were submitted to analysis of variance for each soybean line using a 4 x 4 factorial design (four storage times x four gamma irradiation doses). Response surfaces were constructed based on the F test significance (p ≤ 0.05). VX04-5692 seeds were more sensitive to gamma radiation than were VX04-6828 seeds. Soybean seed quality was highest in M2 seeds derived from seeds irradiated with less than 100 Gy and stored for up to two months. High gamma irradiation doses and long storage times reduced soybean seed quality.
Radio-sensitivity on Huasteca-100 Soybean Seeds Variety with 60Co Gamma Radiation
International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, 2017
In the current study, radio-sensitivity on soybean seeds from the Huasteca-100 variety with 60 Co gamma rays was evaluated. Fifteen doses of radiation (1-1250 Gy) and control (without irradiation) were utilized. The trial was carried out in nursery polybags under randomized block design with four repetitions. Germination, survival, height, and the number of seeds per plant were evaluated so LD 50 and GR 50 calculation could be done through the linear and quadratic regression. Survival, height and number of seeds per plant were modeled, and at what dose was significant in these variables. LD 50 for survival was calculated at 438 Gy, whereas GR 50 for height and number of seeds was calculated at 252-298 Gy, respectively. No radio-stimulation regions were observed, yet, transition regions were achieved amongst 1 and 440 Gy, but height and number of seeds are more radio-sensitive than survival (1-240 Gy). The inhibition region was obtained from 240 Gy for plant and number of seeds, but from 440 Gy survival was obtained. Based on the GR 50 for plant height, a 252 Gy ± 5% dosage could be considered appropriate for genetic variability inducement on Huasteca-100 soybeans.